The origin of "Wen" surname

1, which is derived from the surname of Zi, comes from the descendants of Shang Tang, Yuan, Wen Gong and Shi, and is an official title.

According to the historical book "Surname Garden", "Shi Wen asked Gong's family and changed it after moving." The Yuan family originated in China's slave Shang Dynasty (BC 1562 ~ BC 1066). From the establishment of Shang Tang to the demise of Shang Zhouwang, the Shang Dynasty lasted for more than 490 years, with 17 generations of 3 1 kings.

In Shang Dynasty, Shang Tang was founded in Yubo (now Caoxian County, Shandong Province), moved the capital five times, and finally moved the capital to Yin (now Xiaotun Village, Anyang City, Henan Province) during the period of Pan Geng (13 12 ~ 1285 BC). After that, the Shang Dynasty developed politically, economically and militarily, especially during the fifty years of Wu Ding's rule (BC 127 1- BC 1265438).

BC 1 168, King Wuding of Shang Dynasty named his son (now Xinzheng, Henan Province) Hou, and later generations took the ancestor Jue as their surname and called him yuanshi county. The time is about, from 1998 to about 3 166 years.

The early distribution of yuanshi county can be determined from the ruling scope of Wuding Wang and the late Shang Dynasty. During the Wuding period, the Shang Dynasty was strong and its territory was expanding day by day. According to records, its borders extend to Chenggu in Shaanxi and Wanlou Yonghe in Shanxi in the west, to Han (now Hebei) in the north, to Huang Po in Hubei and Qingjiang in Jiangxi in the south, and to Qufu and Taian in Shandong in the east. Therefore, Yuan clan people live widely, mainly in Henan, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Jiangxi and other provinces.

In the historical changes of more than 3,000 years after the Shang Dynasty, Yuan descendants also derived other surnames by means of official seal, land distribution, residence and relocation. According to the historical book Dialectics of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times, many surnames are from Yuan Dynasty, and the single surnames are Quan, Yun, Yi, Gu, Mu, Zhu, Yi, You, Bian, Ze, Ao (Yu) and Pu.

During the period of Shang Tang, the dynasty laid military forts around the capital to defend it. Most of its military forts near the capital are distributed in a ring shape, called wrist bow (near bow); Most of its military fortresses are far away from the border and distributed in a star shape, which is called deep bow (far bow); The military forts located in the middle zone are distributed in a fan shape, which is called the middle bow.

Shang Tang's descendants asked the public, that is, the doctor in charge of the relieving of the Chinese public. Some of his descendants took his official name "Wengong" as their surname and simplified it to a single surname.

2. It originated from the surname of Ji, and was a fief given to the viceroy Su Fensheng in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Belong to asylum, change your surname.

According to "Baoying Wen Family Tree", the Yangzhou family in Jiangsu was changed from Wen's surname.

Wenqi originated from the literary country in the Western Zhou Dynasty. According to the historical records "Guang Yun" and "Wan Xing Tong Pu", in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Su Fensheng was appointed as a shepherd of the Zhou Dynasty and was sealed in (now wen county, Henan Province).

In the second year of King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty (Jin Yuan year, 650 BC), Wen Guo was destroyed by the Northern Di people, and the monarch Wen Zi fled to protect his family, which was called Wen Shi. Later, the doctor of the state of Jin (Wen and Miao) led the army to attack and destroy, and Wen became a fief.

In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhou Jian was exiled to Ji Wang in the 11th year (575 BC). In June of the lunar calendar, Yun Zhi commanded the Jin army to defeat the powerful Chu army in the "Battle of Yanling" (now Yanling, Henan) and became the ruling minister of the State of Jin. Since then, the Yun clan has been in power in the ruling and opposition circles. According to the classic "Guoyu Yujin", it is called "Sanyunbing". In Ji Chonger's period, "Xu, Ji, Hu, Ji, Luan, Bai, Xian, Yang Tongue, Dong and Han were all officials". Therefore, when Ji Shouman took power in Jin Ligong, he was autocratic in state affairs of the Yi family.

Once, Duke Xiang of Jin went hunting with his ministers, hit a wild boar, and sent someone to deliver it to Duke Xiang of Jin, only to be taken away by Zhang Meng, the imperial secretary prized by Duke Xiang of Jin, and Meng Zhang was killed with an arrow. Jin Xiang Gong Li was very angry because he didn't know what was going on. He said angrily, "Ji Zi bullied Yu! (This old guy bullies me) "So I decided to get rid of Yi clan.

The news that Duke Xiang of Jin wanted to exterminate the nation was soon known to the barbarians. His cousin strongly advocated attacking Duke Xiang of Jin first to save himself, but foolishly thought that he would rather be killed than make an accident.

In the twelfth year of Zhou Jianwang (574 BC), on an afternoon in 65438+February of the lunar calendar, Li Jue, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, reconciled a group of courtiers who had enemies with their families, such as Luan Shu, Wu and so on. And led the army to destroy one family in 800, which was called "three families destroyed by gold" in history. The centuries-old clan of the Xi family was wiped out, and the bodies of the three families were displayed in court. Shortly after this incident, Jin Ligong was killed by Luan Shu because he was indecisive.

In the event of "Golden Destroying Three Miaos", some descendants of Miao Zhi successfully fled to other vassal countries, so they took the original Miao Zhi as their surname and called it. Later, members of the Wen family moved to Zhenru (now Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu) to avoid disasters, and changed the word "Wen" to homophonic "Wen", which was called Wen.

This book is based on:

Temple people, the official name of the court in the Western Zhou Dynasty, also served as servants. In the classic Zhou Li, it is said that Tianguan Heze belongs to a temple man. He is the eunuch who waits on the palace and later the eunuch of the inner palace. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was set up in various vassal states. Temple people are in charge of the precepts of female royal servants and slaves in the palace, and there are five in the queen's master bedroom.

3. It originated from Jiang's family and came from Lu Bu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Belong to asylum, change your surname.

Lu Bu: (A.D.? ~ 198), the word comes first. Wuyuan and Jiuyuan people (now Baotou, Inner Mongolia). A famous military commander in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Lyu3 bu4 was good at archery and martial arts, and was named "Flying General". First appointed as the master book of Ding Yuan, the secretariat of Bingzhou (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). Later, he killed Ding Yuan and took refuge in Dong Zhuo. He was promoted to a captain on horseback, and then transferred to a corps commander to seal the capital, Hou Ting. Later, Dong Zhuo beat him with a halberd because of trivial matters, and he held a grudge.

At that time, Stuart Wang Yun intended to punish Dong Zhuo, so he took the opportunity to discuss with Lu Bu, who promised to be the inside man. In the third year of Pingping in the early Han Dynasty (AD 192), Wang Yun used the Weiyang Hall of the Council of Ministers to send Lu Bu and others to assassinate Dong Zhuo in Beiyemen. Lyu3 bu4 took merit as general Wei Fen and conferred Hou Wen.

Dong Zhuo led Li Jue and Guo Si to attack Chang 'an, and Lu Bu fled in defeat. Defected to Yuan Shu, Yuan Shao and other independent governors. He helped Yuan Shao defeat Zhang Yan. Fearing Yuan Shao, he was taken in by Zhang Miao (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and was ordered to be a shepherd in Yanzhou and stationed in Puyang. Soon after, Cao Cao led an army to attack Lu. Lu Bu was defeated and defected to Liu Bei, a separatist regime in Xuzhou.

At that time, Liu Bei confronted Yuan Shu. Encouraged by Yuan Shu, Lu Bu captured Pi (now Suining, Jiangsu), defeated Liu Bei, and became a shepherd in Xuzhou, so that Liu Bei was stationed in Xiaopei (now Suixi, Anhui). Yuan Shu sent troops to attack Liu Bei. Liu Bei asked Lu Bu for help, and Lu Bu intervened to make the two sides stop fighting.

In the third year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (AD 198), Lu Bu defeated Liu Bei and Xiao Pei.

Cao Cao led the army to conquer. Lu Bu was defeated and trapped in Xiapi. He sent someone to Yuan Shu for help, but failed. Lu Bu treated the army badly. Under the siege of Cao Jun, his troops rebelled against Hou Cheng and captured Lu Bu, Chen Gong, Seibel and others to surrender. Lyu3 bu4 begged for surrender and failed, and was killed by Cao Cao.

Among the descendants of Lu Bu, those who take their ancestral names as their surname are called Wen's. His descendant, Ge Wen (A.D. 1006 ~ 1076), was a native of Shicheng, Ganzhou, an educator and bibliophile in the Northern Song Dynasty, and also a pioneer of private education in Hakka areas. Because his school is large in scale, rich in books, rich in teachers, and the students he teaches are brilliant, he is famous in the government and the public, and was named as a "scholar" and "scholar" by Song Renzong of the current dynasty. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the descendants of Govin wrote a book "Fairy Tales at Sea", which offended Jia Sidao, a powerful official of the dynasty, and the whole family was copied. Some fugitives changed their surnames to homophonic "Wen" to avoid their difficulties, which was passed down from generation to generation.

4. It originated from the Jurchen nationality and came from the Wu herder Wendihan Putin in the Jin Dynasty. Belong to the refuge and change the surname to surname.

According to the historical book Biography of the Han Dynasty in the Jin Dynasty, in the fifth year of Jin Dynasty (A.D. 1 160), a great uprising of the Khitans broke out in Zhou Huan, Xijing Road (now Zhenglan Banner, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia), led by Saba, a historical translator of Northwest Road.

At that time, the Nuzhen nobleman Wendihan Pujian, who was in charge of animal husbandry in the Uighur tribe in Liaoyang area, was a herder. After the Saba Uprising, Wendi Han Pujian ordered his slaves and soldiers to be armed and guarded at all times in order to guard against the reaction of his Khitans. So the Khitan herdsmen cleverly lied to the slaves and soldiers and said, "We will send troops to cut the Song Dynasty, and the government will check the weapons. Please lend us your weapons. " The slaves were tricked into lending their weapons to the Khitan herdsmen. So, the Khitans took the opportunity to launch an uprising, and Wendi Khan Pujian had to give in easily.

After the Khitan Rebels captured Wendihan Putin, they asked him, "Would you like to rebel with us?"

Wendihan Putin replied: "My family comes from great kindness, and my son and nephew are both officials. We can't tire my family from you. " As a result, Wendihan Putin was immediately put to death by the rebel army Ling Chi, and his descendants were also killed.

Some descendants of Wendi Han took the Chinese homonym of their surnames as "Wen", while China's surnames were single surnames.

This book is based on:

(1) the shepherd:

During the Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties, both the Khitan and the Jurchen people had institutions to manage animal husbandry. At that time, there were two kinds of animal husbandry, public and private. The public animal husbandry was called "grazing". Liao country has West Road Group Pastoral Department, and Jin country is called Longyou Group Pastoral Supervisor. Shepherd is the official of this kind of organization who is stationed in various places to be responsible for animal husbandry production.

(2) Uighur tribe:

The Uighurs were Tungusic people who lived in the northern part of Liaoyang Province during the Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties. They are also called "I" and "I Zhuo" departments. Jurchen means "forest", which was translated into fishing and hunting tribes such as Wuji and Woji in Qing Dynasty, that is, it originated from Uighurs.

The Uighur tribe is called Gai because it haunts the mountains and forests. After the early Qing dynasty, it was no longer used as a tribal name, but renamed the East China Sea Wu Zhebu and Woji Bu.

The historical book "Historical Records of the Golden History Geography" records: "Seal the golden land, fascinate the monks in the East Pole, and change the wild land." It is also recorded in the biography of Wan Yan in the History of Jin Dynasty: "At the beginning of the day, Udi rebelled ... and ordered Taishouyan to follow the armies of all walks of life to beg for it. When he was in the same river, he told his soldiers:' Now the rebels are leaning against the valley, the terrain is dangerous and the trees are dense, so I can't ride continuously and I can't break through the years' ... It is said that the army will start as soon as it is assembled. He dived into the river as a captain, went straight to his camp and broke it. " It can be seen that all parts of the Jin Dynasty reform were distributed along the river and in a large area of deep mountains and forests in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province.

The so-called Udai people immediately included Tungusic languages such as Shuidada and Uighur in the Yuan Dynasty. During the period of Yuan Shundi, the Yuan government blackmailed Haidong from the far northeast, which aroused the resistance of the Ministry of Water and the Uighur Ministry. The uprising was intermittent, and it took nearly ten years before it finally failed. In the 15th year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1355), the government of Yuan Dynasty re-established Wanjiazhai of barbarians, fans and other armies in the land of Hafen, and immediately suppressed one of the aftermath measures after the uprising.

The land of rabbits is in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang, and there were post soldiers in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, because of the old system, there were 10,000 families in this place, including barbarians, beggars, women, soldiers and civilians. In addition, Fu Yu Wei, one of the famous Wuliangye Sanwei in Ming Dynasty, was called "Wozhe" in Mongolia and was also named after Uighur. This part of the Uighur tribe in the middle reaches of Nenjiang River, like the Shuidada people in Zhaozhou, was forcibly moved from the northeast and east after the Naiyan rebellion was put down in the early Yuan Dynasty.

Most Uighur tribes living in the depths of the mountains in the northeast take Sheshan as their main source of livelihood. A few people along the river and waterfront may also make a living by fishing. Compared with Shuidada, the social and economic development level of Uighurs may be lower. Therefore, the historical materials of the Yuan Dynasty are more related to Uighur and savage. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a northeast person, Li Ming Timur, who was not from the Uighur Department, but he called himself "the Great Northern Wilderness Uighur" and was regarded by the world at that time as "adding the whole person with humble appearance". To some extent, this incident reflects that the ministries and commissions of the Uighurs are not very civilized.

Second, the migration distribution:

Today, there are Wen clan relatives in Huainan, Anhui, Wushenqi, Inner Mongolia, Weichang, Hebei, Huixian, Gansu, Yuyao, Zhejiang, Fenyang, Shanxi and Jiaocheng.

Three, the county hall number:

1. Hope County:

Dongguan County: There was Dongguan County in the Western Han Dynasty, which is located in Yishui, Shandong Province. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the early years of Jian 'an (AD 185), Chengyang County was divided into Langya County and Qi County, and now it is located in the northeast of Yishui County, Shandong Province, leading eight counties. In the first year of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty (AD 265), it was changed to Dongguan County, which was located in the southeast of Jinling (now Changzhou, Jiangsu Province) and was deposed by the Southern Qi Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. At that time, it was affiliated to Linqu, Yishui, Mengyang, Yiyuan and Juxian in Shandong Province. Today, the organizational system of Dongguan City in Guangdong Province was established in the Tang Dynasty.

Lujiang County: Jiujiang County in Qin Dynasty, Lujiang County as part of Chu and Han Dynasties, and Shu in Han Dynasty. Lujiang County was established in the early Sui Dynasty, which was governed by Shu (now Lujiang, Anhui Province) and later by Lujiang, north of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province.

Liaodong County: In the history of China, the title "Liaodong" has four meanings: ① County and country name. During the Warring States Period, the county was established in Yan State, and Xiangping (now Liaoyang, Liaoning Province) was the seat of contact. At that time, the jurisdiction was in the east of Daling River in Liaoning Province. During the western Jin dynasty, it was changed to a country; During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Houyan entered Donghai County; During the Northern Yan Dynasty, Liaodong County was re-established in western Liaoning Province. Beiqi was deposed; By the time of the Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liaodong and Liaoxi counties were located in Liaodong and ruled by Changli (now Yixian). At that time, it was located in the middle and lower reaches of Daling River in western Liaoning. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei was changed to Changli County. (2) the name of the company. In the fourth year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 137 1), a captain of Liao was set up, and in the eighth year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 1375), it was changed to the headquarters of Liaodong, located in Liao Zhongwei (now Liaoyang, Liaoning), which was then under the jurisdiction of most parts of Liaoning Province. In the late period of self-evident orthodoxy, the families of Wuliangha moved south and gradually lost the Liaohe River set (now on both sides of the middle reaches of Liaohe River); From the first year of tomorrow (A.D. 162 1) to the fifteenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1642), the whole territory was annexed by the late Jin Dynasty (Qing Dynasty). (3) The name of the military town, one of the "Nine Borders" of the Ming Dynasty, is equivalent to the jurisdiction of the Dusi in Liaodong, mainly guarding the company commanders of Guangning (now Beizhen, Liaoning), and moved to Liaoyang (now Liaoyang, Liaoning) in the winter of the first year of Qin Long (A.D. 1567); Was deposed in the late Ming Dynasty. (4) The name of the area generally refers to the area east of Liaohe River.

Tancheng County: Also known as Donghai County, Haizhou County and Tancheng County. Tancheng (now Tancheng, Shandong Province) was governed by Tanxian County, and Tanxian County was located behind it. It belongs to Xuzhou secretariat department and is ruled by county, county and secretariat department. At the end of clan society, people had settled in the territory, and the situation was "Dongyi". Tai Hao is a famous chieftain in Dongyi, and Shao Hao is a branch of Huangdi clan developing eastward. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Tan Guo was subordinate to Lu, which is why "Tan Zi was facing Lu" and "Tan Zi was taught by Confucius". During the Warring States Period, in 4 14 BC, Tan State was destroyed by Yue State. In the Qin Dynasty, Tan County was first established and later renamed Donghai County. It was once called Tancheng County in Qin and Han Dynasties, and later belonged to Cheng Zheng area, located in the north of Tancheng County. During the Western Han Dynasty, there were 37 counties under its jurisdiction, which were located in the areas south of Feixian County and Ganyu in Linyi, Shandong Province, east of Zaozhuang in Shandong Province and Pizhou in Jiangsu Province, and north of Suqian and Guannan.

Xiangyang county: Xiangyang and Fancheng, which are called by the government. Fancheng was named after Feng Zhongshanfu (Fan Muzhong) here, and Xiangyang was named after the grandson of Xiangshui (now South Canal). Fancheng began in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and Xiangyang was built in the early Han Dynasty. Since the first year of Xianping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 190), Jingzhou Muliubiao moved to Xiangyang, and Xiangyang has been ruled by officials, Taoism, prefectures, roads and counties. In the 13th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 198), Xiangyang County was established as a part of Nanjun County and Nanyang County, located in Xiangyang (now Xiangcheng District, Xiangfan, Hubei Province). At that time, it was located in Xiangfan City, Nanzhang County, Yicheng County, Dangyang County and Yuan 'an County, Hubei Province, and it was located in Xiangyang (now Xiangcheng District, Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). During the Jin Dynasty, he served as the secretariat of Jingzhou. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the State of Liang was named Nanyong County, and the Western Wei Dynasty changed to Xiangzhou. The Sui Dynasty was changed to Xiangyang County. In the fourth year of Tang Wude, Li Yuan pacified the queen, and because of the old name of the original Sui Dynasty, he changed to Xiangzhou, which was in charge of Xiangyang, Anyang, Hannan, Yiqing, Nanzhang and Changping. The state is located in Shannan Road and Taiwan Province, and it is unified with 257 states including Guangzhou, Anhui, Anhui, Huangshou. Tang Wude withdrew from Yanzhou in five years and belonged to Yin Cheng and Gucheng counties. Tang Wude was the governor's house for seven years, and Xiang, Deng, Tang, Jun, An and Chongqi supervised the government. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan, the state was abolished and belonged to Jingshan County. In the sixth year of Tang Zhenguan, the viceroy was abolished. In the eighth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty, Tanzhou was abandoned, belonging to Daodao and Lexiang counties. They also evacuated from Changping to Xiangyang, from Yin Cheng to Gucheng, from Nanjin to Yiqing, and from Hannan to the main road. The first year of Tang Tianbao was changed to Xiangyang County. Fourteen-year fortification ambassador of Tang Tianbao. In the first year of Tang Dynasty, Xiangzhou was restored. In the second year of Tang and Shang Dynasties, I appointed Xiangzhou as my ambassador, in charge of Xiangzhou, Deng, Jun, Fang, Jin, Shang and other states. Since then, he has served as governor of Shannan East Road. Jurisdiction over Xiangyang, Dengcheng, Gucheng, Yiqing, Nanzhang and Lexiang counties. Later, Xiangyang was ruled by counties, prefectures, prefectures and governments of various dynasties.

2. Hall number:

Lujiang Guild Hall: Building Guild Hall with Hope.

Xinyitang: The information needs to be supplemented.

Bian Yutang: The information needs to be supplemented.

Yushuntang: The information needs to be supplemented.