Analysis of the whole process management of engineering projects?

What is the specific content of the whole process management analysis of the project? Zhong Da Consulting will answer your questions below.

I. Connotation of project management The content of project management runs through the whole process of the project. Compared with general project management, there are the following differences. 1, with wider management scope. Not only from the start of the project, but also from the project conception, feasibility study, marketing planning, planning and design, construction application, bidding and other preparatory work, until the completion of the project construction, building completion, completion settlement and asset transfer and other management work. (1) Feasibility study stage: project conception planning and feasibility study. According to the location of the project, combined with regional planning, industrial policy, population, income, supply, demand, supporting facilities, transportation and supply of raw materials. , comprehensively demonstrate risk analysis and locate project investment with scientific methods. According to the positioning of the project, determine the planning indicators of the project, and establish basic data for project investment estimation, economic analysis and evaluation. This stage provides scientific basis for project investment decision-making, which is the key to the success or failure of project investment. (2) Marketing planning stage: according to the market positioning of the project, it is necessary to plan the market image packaging, development rhythm, marketing promotion rhythm and methods of the project. How to meet the needs of marketing planning in construction organization and progress, such as the selection of project sales offices, model houses and sales channels; After the site packaging (fence) needs project management, organization management and overall arrangement. (3) Survey planning and design stage: review the project survey and design task book prepared by the planning and design unit and the quality of its achievements; The basic task of engineering design review is to ensure the safety and reliability of the project, improve its applicability and economy, and enhance its coordination and modernity with the environment. Its key points: review the general layout, single scheme, space, decoration and building functions, foundation (natural, pile foundation) selection, main structure (structural form, steel consumption, materials used) selection, process, equipment, material parameters selection, technical and economic indicators, make a technical and economic comparison of multiple schemes, assist designers in selecting schemes with appropriate functions and good technical and economic indicators, and control the design progress and approval links in each stage. 2. The control of management elements is stricter. The project itself is a commodity, an immovable durable product with large investment and long investment cycle, which needs to enter the market circulation and be tested by the market; We may have to face not only investors, big owners, but also individual consumers. Compared with the previous housing allocation, individual housing purchase (such as commercial and residential building projects) makes people pay more attention to their legitimate rights and interests. It can be said that the owners we are facing now are very picky and have a strong awareness of rights protection, and there is no room for development enterprises or project management enterprises to be sloppy. (1) Cost management: Cost management involves all stages and various expenses from project conception and positioning to project completion and settlement. The project cost directly affects the economic benefits and competitiveness of the project. Only by reducing and controlling the construction cost of the project can the cost of the whole project be controlled. Project costs include: land costs, construction costs, financial costs, management costs and marketing costs. Among them, the land price has been paid and basically fixed, and the financial cost, taxes and fees and other costs cannot be reduced through management (or have little impact on the whole project cost), and the construction cost accounts for a large proportion of the project cost. For domestic projects, the greater the proportion of project cost, the more sensitive the impact on the whole project cost. The cost of materials and equipment accounts for about 70% of the project cost, and some projects will be higher, so the cost of materials and equipment should be the focus of project cost control. In the process of project management, in addition to the design stage structure, material and equipment selection, bidding and contract management, it is also very important to pay attention to standardized technical management, claims and counterclaims, and risk control. (2) Quality management: engineering quality assurance; Declaration of peace of mind. The connotation and extension of quality have changed, and the combination of durability, energy saving and environmental protection is comprehensive, systematic and comprehensive, involving a wide range of projects, not only staying at the normative level, but also considering the requirements of consumers. This consideration is not like the project management of the construction unit. (3) Schedule management: When the project enters the early stage of development, it is necessary to prepare the overall development plan of the project, which involves planning, marketing, design, construction application, construction, materials, equipment procurement, property management and other aspects, and it is necessary to control, check, feed back, adjust and revise the node plans at each stage. It also needs to cooperate with marketing, and the progress of image and agreed delivery (or asset delivery) cannot be delayed. (4) Safety management: prevention of industrial accidents, fire prevention, theft prevention and other on-site construction safety; Cooperate with the safety management of marketing. (5) Technical support: Reviewing and comparing technical schemes in different stages can reduce costs, shorten construction period, ensure quality, eliminate potential safety hazards and control investment risks. The application of new technologies, new processes and new materials can improve the technical content of the project. 3. The content of management is wider. With the improvement of consumers' concept of using and living (leisure, shopping, living or working convenience-the environment requires garden-style, garden-style, education, art, culture, sports, combination of static and dynamic, etc. ), consumer demand increases and changes, requiring refined design, reflecting humanistic care, and making consumers feel noble and caring. 4. The management span is bigger. There are many companies and specialties involved, which need the leadership, organization, coordination and control of the project manager, including the coordination and management of the far and peripheral relations, such as the coordination with relevant government departments and neighboring units, as well as the coordination and management of all parties involved in the project, such as subcontractors of various disciplines and internal personnel of the project organization. Only when the interpersonal relationship is harmonious and the working environment is pleasant, all parties involved in the project construction can efficiently complete the established tasks and achieve the project objectives. Second, the key content of project management, especially project management, runs through the whole process of project management, from project planning and technical research in feasibility study to design, construction and maintenance. Several aspects that should be paid attention to in engineering management. 1, cost (project cost) management. Establish a dynamic early warning system. In the initial stage of project development and feasibility study, according to the planning orientation, historical data and market situation of the project, the investment estimate is compiled, the overall goal of project cost control is established, and dynamic evaluation and early warning are carried out during the project implementation. (1) Cost control in the design stage: In the design stage, the design budget is prepared according to the investment estimate. Government planning departments do not require preliminary design of engineering design, but from the perspective of structural safety and reliability, especially design optimization and cost control, preliminary design should be added before construction drawing design, and quota design should be adopted to prevent the design budget from exceeding the estimated budget. Organize professional engineers and engineering consultants (experts) in design, supervision, project management, cost and construction to participate in design review (three stages of scheme, preliminary design and construction drawing) and joint review of drawings. Getting involved in cost control from the design stage can get twice the result with half the effort. Calculations should be strictly examined, and sometimes designers ignore some favorable conditions in order to save trouble, which leads to conservative design (the steel content in the structure, the amount of concrete increased, the configuration of materials and equipment increased, etc.). (2) Improve and strictly manage bidding, and strengthen the awareness of project subcontracting cost control. Before bidding, conduct market research, establish information base, conduct cost analysis and market survey on the bidding project, choose appropriate bidding strategy, select powerful and reputable contractors to participate in bidding, strictly review and standardize bidding documents and contract terms, and prevent collusion in price increase; Refine subcontracting and follow the 28 th rule: 20% of subcontracting projects can save 80% of costs. Strict contract management, using three-level courts, decomposing contract management, strengthening contract details, tracking and analyzing contract implementation, filling vacancies for contracts in time, paying attention to contract claims and counterclaims, and adding budgets in time. Improve contract management, manage claims and counterclaims, timely and accurately investigate, analyze and adjudicate default events, and collect and sort out relevant information. (3) Material procurement cost control: Material and equipment costs account for a high proportion of the project construction and installation costs, accounting for about 70%, so material and equipment costs should be the focus of construction and installation cost control. No matter whether Party A supplies or specifies it, it is necessary to shop around, do a good job in market research, and understand the strength of suppliers-production capacity (or supply capacity), technical strength, management level, financial payment ability, reputation, product quality and service quality. Strictly regulate the bidding documents and contract terms, prevent collusion in bidding, drive up prices, and strictly manage contracts. First, do a good job of inspection, prevent the package from being transferred and shoddy, and ensure the progress and quality of supply. (4) Strengthen technical management: be familiar with design drawings, attach importance to the blue prints.the design, and stick to the standard, but not just the standard. Design changes should be strictly reviewed, and design and construction technical schemes should be repeatedly reviewed and optimized. (5) Strictly review design changes, engineering change visas and progress payments, and establish a risk control management mechanism. (6) Improve workflow and work efficiency. Make timely judgment and treatment of various problems in the process of project management. 2. Quality management. Because the quality management in the construction stage is the key stage of project control. According to the quality management regulations, design drawings and specifications, establish a quality management system, and implement three control systems: construction preparation, construction process and construction acceptance. (1) The selected team (construction and supervision) has a high reputation and strong strength. Quality is made, not managed, nor called out for inspection. The quality of the team is very important, and the awareness of technology and quality is crucial. Organization, training and management are indispensable. (2) For projects with complex construction and difficult quality assurance, implement the model first, and then carry out large-scale construction according to the model after meeting the requirements. (3) Strengthen process acceptance, implement self-inspection, re-inspection and monitoring inspection, and implement on-site management of key parts (such as key working procedures and key operations); Organize acceptance according to the specification requirements, construction organization, design and contract requirements. (4) Conduct acceptance control on materials and equipment entering the site. 3. Schedule management. (1) Establish a plan management system. 1. The overall development plan (i.e. the first-level plan) is jointly prepared by the project management company and investors, and the second-level plan is a phased control plan. Professional companies involved in project development and construction (consulting, planning, design, advertising, construction, etc.) are prepared according to the first-level plan decomposition (wBS decomposition), and the third-level plan is prepared by the general contractor in combination with the plans prepared by various professional subcontractors according to the first-level plan. Annual, quarterly, monthly and weekly plans should also be prepared, and the fund use plan should also be prepared simultaneously, otherwise the lack of funds will also affect the project progress.

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