What kind of bug is this?

This is a longicorn. Since 1980s, the research on the prevention and control of longicorn beetles has made rapid progress, and many achievements have been made, and some new approaches have been tried. ① Chemical control: The main pesticides tried in these years are dichlorvos, phosphoramide, dimethoate, chlordimeform, fenitrothion, phoxim, fenpropathrin, chlorpyrifos, omethoate and fluoroacetamide. , sprayed or painted on the trunk. In Henan, Hunan, Sichuan (Chongqing) and other places, it has been proved that spraying 40% omethoate emulsion 300-500 times has a good control effect on Anoplophora bisporus and Anoplophora glabripennis. ② Sterilization method: Fujian Institute of Forestry Science (1980) irradiated Anoplophora longicorn males with a dose of 60C010000-30000 roentgen. After mating with female insects, it does not affect spawning, but all eggs cannot hatch. Although it is still in the laboratory testing stage, it has shown the possibility of utilization. ③ Bait wood trapping: Chinese Academy of Forestry (1980) used Platycladus orientalis as bait wood, and 1 058 lured two longicorn beetles on the bait wood. At most, more than 500 were lured in mid-April, and the trapping effect was very obvious. ④ Forest management: Practice has proved that the prevention and control of longicorn beetles should be based on the technical measures of forest management, advocating mixed forests, timely cutting, reasonable regeneration and selecting tree species, all of which are fundamental measures of giving priority to prevention and supplemented by treatment. ⑤ Biological control: In recent years, the fastest research on the control of longicorn beetles is the use of swollen-legged bees. Since 1973 found the swollen-legged bee in the worm path of Anoplophora glabripennis in Guangdong, 1975 found the swollen-legged bee in the worm tumor of Anoplophora glabripennis in Shandong, experiments were carried out on Anoplophora glabripennis, Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora glabripennis in Guangdong, Shandong, Hunan, Hebei, Beijing and Shanghai respectively. Experiments on artificial feed have also begun. The results of releasing bees in the wild have a positive effect. The application of swollen-legged bee in production needs further study. ⑥X-ray detection: Jiangxi Southern Quarantine Institute (1979) created a "forest 5X-ray detector" by using soft X-ray development method, which can be used to detect the larvae of longicorn beetles in trees, and can be used for the investigation of longicorn beetles and wood quarantine. Can be use as an auxiliary tool for preventing and control longicorn beetles. In addition, the life span of Anoplophora maculata adults irradiated by low-power He-Ne laser tends to be shortened. Some new technologies, such as using vacuum nitrogen filling method to control longicorn beetles stored in warehouses and bamboo and wood equipment for commodity packaging (Chongqing 1979), are also in the preliminary experimental stage.

The adult longicorn beetles are 1-50 cm long, long cylindrical, with hard walls and whiplike antennae, which are as long as or longer than the body. Their body colors are black, brown and yellow, and they often have stripes of various bright colors and shapes. Larvae is cylindrical, with small head and big chest, white or yellowish, and small or no feet.

Anoplophora longicorn is an important pest in street trees, shelter forests, courtyard parks, greening trees in factories, mines and schools, and stump bonsai. Trees suffer more, and a few species harm herbaceous flowers. Larvae gnawed at tree trunks and roots, which made the trees grow badly, weakened, withered and broken branches. After several years of continuous harm, the whole forest died seriously. Anoplophora longicorn excretes feces, which worsens the environment. Adults gnaw at the cortex of the shoots, causing the shoots to wither, especially Monochamus alternatus, which not only directly harms, but also spreads pine wood nematodes, causing large-scale death of pine forests, and is an important quarantine pest. There are mainly the following methods to control longicorn beetles.

1, isolated. It is strictly forbidden to introduce dangerous longicorn beetles from abroad, outside the province, cities and counties through logs, packaged wood and trees with insects.

2. Choose insect-resistant tree species and varieties. The resistance of different garden tree species and varieties to longicorn beetles is significantly different, so the tree species or varieties that are less harmful to longicorn beetles should be selected.

3. Strengthen garden management. Combined with pruning, timely cut off and deal with dead branches with insects; The weak trees are vulnerable to the harm of longicorn beetles, so forest management should be strengthened to promote the vigorous growth of trees and reduce the harm. Monochamus alternatus and other endangered or dead trees should be cut down in time before the adults fly out every year, and the dead trees in the forest should be thoroughly cleaned and treated.

4, planting bait trees to trap and kill. The adults of longicorn beetles are very selective to tree species, because they need to eat bark to supplement their nutrition. We can use this habit to plant a certain number of bait trees to lure the adults of longicorn beetles, and carry out chemical or artificial control and adult occurrence monitoring. Such as mulberry longicorn beetles on Broussonetia papyrifera, Zheshu and mulberry trees; Anoplophora glabripennis and Platanus acerifolia; Anoplophora glabripennis on maple trees such as sugar maple; Effects of Anoplophora yunnanensis on Rosaceae (such as Li Tang) and Fraxinus chinensis: Anoplophora mollissima has a strong tendency to elm trees. Pruning elm trees in June-August, cutting and degumming can attract a large number of red-necked longicorn beetles. You can also spray or soak the bait branches and leaves of the liquid medicine in the garden trees during the occurrence period of longicorn adults.

5. Protect the trunk to prevent adults from laying eggs. It should be completed before the adults come out of the hole (May).

5. 1 whitening: use 0/0 part of quicklime/kloc-0, 0.2 part of sulfur powder/kloc-0, 0.2 part of salt, 0.2 part of cow glue (melted with hot water in advance) and 30-40 parts of water, or add 0.2 part of trichlorfon to prepare whitening agent. The control of longicorn beetles was applied to the trunk from the root neck to 30 cm above the ground. For other longicorn beetles, apply it to the lower part of the trunk within 2 meters from the ground without leakage.

5.2 dress. In order to control longicorn beetles, the trunk was covered with brown flakes and brown hairs from the root neck to 50- 100 cm above the ground. Adults lay eggs on brown hair, and these eggs cannot hatch. For other longicorn beetles, woven bags or sacks can also be cut into strips with a width of 20 cm, wrapped around the trunk for 2-3 weeks, or sprayed with drugs.

6, artificial killing

6. 1 Kill adults. Generally, in the peak period of Apriona longicorn adults from May to July, adults are often found to be killed when they stop in trees or fly at low altitude in the forest. Some adults have feigned death, violently shaking branches, and adults fall to death.

6.2 Kill eggs and larvae. Anoplophora longicorn lays eggs on branches, and some kinds of spawning ditches are obviously easy to find. Before the larvae eat xylem, fresh sap resin flows out from the harmful parts of the branches, with reddish-brown dung crumbs. Scrape the bark with a sharp knife, observe carefully, kill eggs and larvae, or beat with a hammer, or apply pesticides. This method is only suitable for species with low branches, spawning ditches and obvious harm to larvae.

6.3 Hook and kill larvae. When larvae grow up, they eat xylem and often discharge feces and sawdust from dung holes. You can insert wire into the wormhole, hollow out the dung in the hole and hook the larvae. Some longicorn beetles have dozens of dung holes, and they have to be put into the last hole to be hooked and killed. This method is easy to kill longicorn beetles with straight boreholes, but difficult to kill longicorn beetles with curved boreholes, because there are many chemicals and the trees are seriously damaged, so it is not suitable for continuous use every year.

7. Chemical control. Omethoate is easy to cause phytotoxicity to peaches, apricots, plums, elms and kiwis, while dichlorvos is easy to cause phytotoxicity to roses, peaches, peaches and cherry blossoms, so use it with caution.

7. 1 Spraying, trapping and killing adults. Spraying pyrethroid pesticides at the peak of adult emergence, 2.5% deltamethrin (fenvalerate), 2.5% cyhalothrin (Kung Fu), 5% fenvalerate (Laifuling), 5% beta-cypermethrin (imiqui), 20% fenvalerate (methomyl) and 20% cyanamide. Organophosphorus pesticide, 90% trichlorfon crystal, 80% dichlorvos, 40% omethoate, 50% chlorpyrifos, 50% methamidophos, 40% monocrotophos, 50% phoxim, 50% isocarbophos, 40% methomyl, 48% chlorpyrifos (the above are all or sprayed on the trunk. Or dry with 200-400 times of pyrethroid and 50- 100 times of organophosphorus.

A new contact poison-microcapsule was sprayed on the trunk. On the same day, when the adult cattle stepped on it, the capsule burst immediately, releasing efficient pesticides, which attached to the feet of longicorn beetles and entered the worms to kill them. The uncompressed capsules were well preserved, killing more than 90% adults within 40 days.

The adults of Anoplophora glabripennis like sweet and sour. The trapping liquid is prepared with 2 parts of sugar, 1 part of vinegar or 1: 0.5: 1.5 parts of sweet and sour wine, 0.3 part of trichlorfon (or other pesticides) and 8- 10 parts of water, and put into pots.

7.2 Use drugs to kill eggs and larvae. At the peak of spawning and larval hatching, apply 65,438+00 times of the above pyrethroids plus diesel oil or kerosene, or 3-5 times of organophosphorus oil, or suck the liquid medicine on cotton, wrap it on branches (scrape off the old skin first), and then wrap it with plastic film, or mix the liquid medicine with a proper amount of clay to prepare a liquid medicine and stick it on places that endanger spawning and larvae. To control longicorn beetles, apply 5 times of omethoate belt (10 cm wide) at the base of the trunk, or spray 40 times of omethoate solution at the base of the trunk 30 cm wide, and spray 1 times in the middle and late May and early June respectively. (Ruan Yili)

7.3 Kill the larvae in the cavity. New wormholes for excreting feces were found in April-May and July-65438+1October. After the heavy rain, the feces on the trunk and under the tree have been washed away, and the fresh wormholes are easy to identify. If there are multiple drainage holes, the last 1 hole should be selected. First of all, dig out the excrement crumbs and plug or inject the medicine into the cavity. Then, seal the holes with wet clay or wet yellow mud. After 7- 10 days, check the effect. If there is a new drainage hole, it must be repaired. The types and methods of drugs used are:

7.3. 1 Plug the sanitary ball (mothball). Fill the wormhole with 2-4 sanitary balls the size of soybeans (25-30 balls are cut in advance).

7.3.2 Fermented Pinellia ternata (fresh stems and leaves are mashed or dried first), Daphne genkwa or dried stems and leaves of Stemona (available in Chinese medicine shops).

7.3.3 Drop or inject 20% ammonia or gasoline, take out the metal needle with a dropper or an abandoned medical syringe and drop it, each cavity 10-20ml.

7.3.4 Drop or inject 50 times of Cordyceps militaris No.6 solution (the spore content of the stock solution is120-16 billion /ml), and add pyrethroid pesticides with the time of 10000, with 20-25 ml per wormhole.

7.3.5 Plug 56% aluminum phosphide tablets. Aluminum phosphide absorbs water and releases highly toxic phosphine gas, which has a strong fumigation effect on longicorn beetles in wormholes. 3g per tablet, depending on the size of the wormhole. Insert110-1tablet into each hole with tweezers. Prevent and control continuous wormholes, repair the old bark and protrusions on the surface of the trunk to make it smooth, wrap it with agricultural film, put 2-3 pieces in it every square meter, and tie the film tightly. For example, at the bottom of the trunk, the lower end of the film is pressed into the soil to prevent gas from escaping. In order to control Anoplophora Daphne and Anoplophora sinensis, each cluster of plants was covered with a layer of plastic film bag, and 1 tablet was placed in the bag. Because aluminum phosphide is highly toxic to people and animals, we should pay great attention to safety and strict sealing to reduce drug loss. For Apriona germari, because there are many dung holes, the holes are often blocked, toxic gas leaks, and the insecticidal effect is poor.

7.3.6 Plug the toxic label of zinc phosphide. Zinc phosphide poison stick is phosphine gas produced by the reaction of zinc phosphide and oxalic acid, which is used to kill longicorn beetles in drilling holes. The bamboo tag is 6-8cm long and1-3cm in diameter. Synthetic peach gum 25 parts, water 30 parts, heated in boiling water bath for 15 minutes, stirred into paste, added with zinc phosphide 15 parts, evenly mixed, and heated for about 3 minutes. In addition, 25 parts of synthetic peach sacs and 20 parts of water are heated and boiled in the same way for 15 minutes to form a paste, then oxalic acid 15 parts are added, and mixed evenly and boiled for 1 minute. The bamboo stick head is soaked in zinc phosphide glue, and after drying thoroughly (saving in summer and autumn 1 day and night), the stick head is soaked in oxalic acid glue to make a poison stick with a length of about 3.5 cm and a diameter of 2.5-5.5 cm, which looks like a match. Dry in the air (out of direct sunlight) 1-2 days, and then seal it with plastic bags for later use. Control Anoplophora glabripennis, Anoplophora maculata and Anoplophora glabripennis. Only 1 or a small amount of drainage holes of Apriona germari is effective. According to the size of the wormhole, insert 1-2 poison sticks, break the part where there is no medicine exposed, and insert it tightly into the gap to avoid gas escaping. To control Apriona germari, first find the nearest 1 dung hole along the feeding direction of larvae, and fill the 1 hole in front of the hole with twigs to avoid the migration of larvae and the leakage of toxic gas, and then insert the poison stick into the nearest hole. During the whole larval damage period, plug the poison label 2-3 times. This method is not suitable for Anoplophora yunnanensis, which has irregular cavities and many cracks. If the humidity is high in rainy days, the poison label is easy to get wet during operation, which reduces its effectiveness. If the toxic labels are stuck together, it means that the toxic gas has been partially distributed, and the dosage should be increased when using it.

7.3.7 Inject or block pesticides. When injecting or dripping pesticide stock solution, in order to avoid local tissue damage caused by injecting stock solution, cotton balls or foam sponge blocks can be used to absorb stock solution, and iron wires can be used to stuff cotton balls into the cavity. The species used are similar to 7. 1 adult killer, but the concentration is strong, pyrethroid 100-300 times, organophosphorus 15-30 times. Apriona germari has many holes for excreting feces, so it is necessary to find the penultimate hole first, dig out the feces, and then inject drugs. When the last 1 hole flows out, seal it with wet clay, then continue to inject drugs until the penultimate hole flows out, then pull out the syringe and seal it at the same time. The dosage of the medicine is 20-25ml.

7.3.8 Trunk drilling and drug injection. Drill a hole in the lower part of the trunk, inject a pesticide with strong internal absorption, and transport the liquid medicine to the upper and lower tissues of the whole plant through the conductive tissue of the tree. Almost all kinds of pests can be treated at the same time as long as the types of pesticides are correct and the dosage and concentration are appropriate. Use electric drill, hand drill or tapered sharp tools (thick nails, etc.). ) drill holes in the lower part of the trunk or at the root neck. The location of the hole depends on the species and harmful parts of the longicorn beetle (for example, to make a hole under the first branch to control various pests on the branches and leaves). Each tree with DBH of 15cm should be drilled with 2 holes, and each 7- 12cm increase in trunk diameter should increase 1 hole. The holes are evenly distributed in different directions of the trunk and staggered up and down, so that the holes are aligned with the big branches in the crown as much as possible. The depth and aperture of the hole depend on the thickness of the trunk, generally 0.5-6 cm deep, reaching the xylem, 1/3 the diameter of the trunk, with an aperture of 0.5-2 cm, and the hole inclines downward at an angle of 40-45 degrees with the trunk. Inject pesticide stock solution or add a small amount of water to dilute. If it is used, it is best to suck it on a cotton ball or sponge block and stuff it into the cavity. Immediately after application, seal it with wet soil. 1 year can be done 2-3 times. After drilling 1 year, most wounds healed. The pesticides used include omethoate, methamidophos, monocrotophos and imidacloprid. Each tree is injected with 3-5ml of stock solution or diluted 10-30 times, and each tree is injected with 20-50ml of diluent. The DBH of trees is less than 10 cm, and 1-2.5 ml stock solution is used every 3 cm in diameter of each tree, and the DBH is greater than 10 cm, and the dosage is increased by 40% every 2 cm. It is better to take medicine in sunny morning. At this time, the temperature is high, the trees transpiration quickly, and the liquid medicine is transported quickly, which is not easy to cause phytotoxicity. For example, it is not advisable to use drugs in rainy days and cooling down to avoid drug harm.

It can also imitate the medical intravenous drip device (infusion needle) to make an automatic injector, or directly use a disposable medical infusion device. Or use the commercially available "self-flowing trunk injection agent-Anoplophora longicorn", or use a high-pressure syringe, and follow the instructions to save labor.

8. Protect and attract natural enemies. There are many predatory and parasitic natural enemies of longicorn beetles, such as woodpeckers and magpies, and parasitic bees such as swollen-legged bees, geckos and parasitic nematodes, which should be protected and utilized.