Development of Fire Safety Management for Electric Vehicles

Small knowledge of electric vehicle fire protection 1. How much do you know about the fire safety of electric vehicles?

Electric vehicles often catch fire due to improper charging and illegal parking.

This small fire often leads to death.

According to statistics, 60% of electric car fires occurred between 20: 00 and 5: 00 the next day. At this time, people are generally sleeping, so it is difficult to find and put out the initial fire in time, which is easy to cause the fire to spread.

Among them, 90% of the casualties caused by electric vehicle fires are due to electric vehicles parked in halls, aisles and other parts. Because the toxic smoke generated by the burning of plastic car shell and sponge pad quickly spread upward along the stairwell, the fire and smoke quickly blocked the safety exit and escape passage of the building, which made it difficult for residents in the building to escape and easily caused casualties.

In mid-June, Bozhou Fire Brigade organized township, street, community leaders and property companies under its jurisdiction to hold a statewide special rectification work conference on electric bicycles, which clarified the fire safety responsibilities of all units at all levels.

I hereby appeal to the general public to call the residential property company to clear the corridor in time if electric vehicles are found to be parked illegally, so as to reserve a "life passage" for the residents of this unit.

If the property management department fails to handle it properly, you can call 96 1 19 or make a real-name complaint through the official blog of Bozhou Fire Bureau.

How to escape and save yourself after an electric car catches fire?

In the case of a large number of fireworks spreading in the stairwell, people still blindly escape and evacuate along the stairs, which is an important cause of casualties. Especially for the "old-fashioned residence" with only one staircase exit, once the electric car stored in the lobby or aisle on the first floor catches fire, this escape passage is likely to be covered with fireworks and it is difficult to escape. Here, the fire department reminds the general public to pay attention to choosing the correct escape route and method according to different situations.

1

If after observation, it is found that there is no or little fireworks spreading in the stairwell and the stairs are clear, you should first choose to escape outdoors along the stairs.

2

If the fireworks in the stairwell are large or blocked, you must not blindly go downstairs to escape, but take safety measures to avoid the sky, such as wearing a filter gas mask, or covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and bending over to escape. The wet towel can isolate 60% smoke after being folded for 8 layers.

three

If it is difficult to escape because of the large outdoor fireworks, you can choose balconies and toilets with air and water, block the gaps in the door and window frames with wet blankets and towels, and splash water on the doors to cool down. At the same time, call 1 19 to inform the police that there is a * * * device, or call for help by shouting, waving bright clothes, flashlights, etc.

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In addition, people on lower floors can also choose to use descenders, safety ropes, connecting pieces, etc. Or throw the quilt or mattress downstairs, then grab the windowsill with both hands, hang down and jump off with both feet to escape.

2. How much do you know about the fire safety of electric vehicles?

According to statistics, 60% of electric car fires occur between 20: 00 and 5: 00 the next day. At this time, people are generally asleep, so it is difficult to find and put out the initial fire in time, which is easy to cause the fire to spread.

Among them, 90% of the casualties caused by electric vehicle fires are due to electric vehicles parked in halls, aisles and other parts. Because the toxic smoke generated by the burning of plastic car shell and sponge pad quickly spread upward along the stairwell, the fire and smoke quickly blocked the safety exit and escape passage of the building, which made it difficult for residents in the building to escape and easily caused casualties.

In mid-June, Bozhou Fire Brigade organized township, street, community leaders and property companies under its jurisdiction to hold a statewide special rectification work conference on electric bicycles, which clarified the fire safety responsibilities of all units at all levels. I hereby appeal to the general public to call the residential property company to clear the corridor in time if electric vehicles are found to be parked illegally, so as to reserve a "life passage" for the residents of this unit.

If the property management department fails to handle it properly, you can call 96 1 19 or make a real-name complaint through the official blog of Bozhou Fire Bureau. How to escape and save yourself after an electric car catches fire? In the case of a large number of fireworks spreading in the stairwell, people still blindly escape and evacuate along the stairs, which is an important cause of casualties.

Especially for the "old-fashioned residence" with only one staircase exit, once the electric car stored in the lobby or aisle on the first floor catches fire, this escape passage is likely to be covered with fireworks and it is difficult to escape. Here, the fire department reminds the general public to pay attention to choosing the correct escape route and method according to different situations.

1 If it is found after observation that there is no or little fireworks spreading in the stairwell and the stairs are clear, you should first choose to escape outdoors along the stairs. If the fireworks in the stairwell are large or blocked, you must not blindly escape from the stairs, but take safety measures to avoid the sky, such as wearing a filter gas mask, or covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and bending over to escape. After folding 8 layers, the wet towel can isolate 60% of the smoke.

If the fireworks outside the room are too big to escape, you can choose balconies and toilets with air and water, block the door cracks and window frames with wet blankets and wet towels, and splash water on the doors to cool down. At the same time, call 1 19 to inform the police that there is a * * * device, or call for help by shouting, waving bright clothes, flashlights, etc. In addition, people on lower floors can also choose to use descenders, safety ropes, connecting pieces, etc. Or throw the quilt or mattress downstairs, then grab the windowsill with both hands, hang down and jump off with both feet to escape.

3. Fire knowledge: How much do you know about the hidden dangers of electric vehicles?

Hello!

Electric vehicles are increasingly favored by the public because of their convenience and quickness. However, the number of fires, casualties and property losses caused by this trend are increasing year by year, especially nearly 90% of fires caused by electric vehicles have caused casualties. According to the data recently released by the Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security, there have been five major fires caused by electric vehicles in China since 20 16 years, resulting in 2 1 person's death.

Why does a small electric car repeatedly cause fire accidents? On-site simulation test shows that after three electric cars parked in the corridor on the first floor caught fire, smoke quickly blocked the escape route. After burning in an open flame for 104 seconds, the flame temperature reached 284℃. Burning with open flame for about 7 minutes, the flue gas temperature is as high as about 500℃.

According to the summary of electric vehicle fire accidents in recent years, the fire department pointed out that the main cause of electric vehicle fire is charging. To this end, the Ministry of Public Security issued a notice in the first half of the year, requiring all localities to strengthen the management of electric vehicle parking and charging. Property service enterprises and residential area management units shall strengthen fire patrol and night patrol, and timely discover and stop illegal parking and charging of electric vehicles in stairwells, corridors, evacuation routes, safety exits and other areas of residential buildings; Promote the construction of centralized parking and charging facilities for electric vehicles. Residential areas, residential buildings under construction and other residential construction projects, the relevant construction units plan to build electric car garages (sheds). For residential areas and residential buildings that have been put into use, conditional residents' committees, villagers' committees, property service enterprises and residential area management units shall build electric bicycle garages (sheds) as soon as possible; In addition, the equipment standards for electric vehicle garages (sheds) also put forward relevant requirements, which should be made of non-combustible materials, equipped with simple spraying, dry powder fire extinguishers, independent smoke fire detection alarms and other fire-fighting facilities and equipment, and keep a safe distance from buildings. Electric vehicle garages (sheds) should be planned and equipped with charging facilities with functions such as regular charging and automatic power off, and electrical equipment and lines should meet the requirements of relevant technical standards.

How to prevent electric vehicle fires, the fire department reminds: First, do not dismantle the electric protection switch and change the electric circuit of electric vehicles without authorization, and do not install anti-theft devices and other equipment without authorization; Second, don't buy or use unqualified chargers; Third, don't park or charge the electric car in the evacuation stairs, evacuation passages and safety exits; Fourth, the charging time should not be too long.

If you have any questions, ask them.

4. What are the fire safety tips?

A, consciously safeguard the public * * * fire safety, and call 1 19 to report to the police when the fire is found, and the fire brigade will not charge for firefighting.

Second, if you find fire hazards and fire safety violations, you can call 96 1 19 to report to the local public security fire department.

Three, do not bury, occupy, damage, misappropriate or block fire control facilities and equipment.

4. Do not bring inflammable and explosive dangerous goods into public places or take public transportation.

Five, do not use open flames and smoking in places where fireworks are strictly prohibited and crowded places.

Six, the purchase of qualified fireworks, fireworks, comply with safety regulations, pay attention to fire safety.

Seven, families and units equipped with necessary fire equipment and master the correct use.

Eight, every family should make a fire safety plan, draw a road map for escape and evacuation, and timely check and eliminate fire hazards.

Nine, indoor decoration should not use flammable materials.

1. Before starting the air conditioner, check whether there are any foreign bodies such as loose screws and displacement of screen window fans to prevent accidents; The air conditioner must be grounded or zero protected; Flammable articles shall not be piled up around the air conditioner; Remember to turn off the air conditioner when you leave.

2. Try to avoid charging the electric car at night. Generally, the charging time should not exceed 8 hours, because charging for more than a limited time will cause the charger and battery to heat up, and it is easy to cause fire when encountering high temperature in summer.

3. When using the electric fan, be careful not to enter the water to prevent short circuit. Add engine oil or sewing machine oil to the oil hole regularly to prevent the motor from heating. If abnormal conditions such as high power consumption or high shell temperature are found, they should be repaired in time. When it is found that the electric fan has abnormal sound, smoke, burnt smell and the shell is electrified and numb, power-off measures should be taken quickly.

5. Fire prevention tips

Small knowledge of fire safety

First, how to call the police after the fire.

1, call "1 19" to call the fire brigade.

2. Go to the fire brigade to call the police by bike.

3. Call the police loudly.

4. Use wired broadcast alarm.

Second, what you should pay attention to in case of fire.

1, avoid panic, judge the fire source and escape in the opposite direction to the fire source.

Never use lifting equipment (elevator) to escape.

Don't go back to the house to get valuables.

4. When there is a fire at night, you should wake up the sleeping people first, don't just think about your own escape, shout as loudly as possible to remind others to escape.

Third, the use of fire hydrants

1, open fire hydrant box.

2. Extend the hose.

3. Open the water stop valve.

Fourth, the use of dry powder fire extinguishers.

1, open the safety pin.

2. Point the hose at the fire.

3. Press the handle hard, choose the upwind position near the ignition point, and spray the dry powder into the flame base.

4. After the fire is put out, cool with water to eliminate smoke.

Fifth, how to avoid the danger of fire and smoke in escape.

1, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to breathe, and lower your posture to reduce smoke inhalation.

2. Cover your head with a transparent plastic bag filled with air where there is no smoke to avoid inhaling toxic smoke or gas.

3. If you pass through the flame area on the way to escape, you should first wet your clothes or wrap your body with wet quilts and blankets, and pass quickly to avoid your body catching fire.

4. In a smoky environment, there is still residual air 30 cm from the ground, so you can escape at a low position. When crawling, keep your palms, elbows and knees close to the ground and escape along the wall to avoid getting lost.

In the process of fire escape, close all the doors behind you, which can slow down the spread of fire and smoke.

Matters needing attention in smoking intransitive verbs

Common combustible materials, such as cotton, hemp, paper, furniture, etc. The ignition point is only about 200℃ to 300℃, and the temperature of lit cigarettes is two or three times higher than these combustibles. The continuous burning time of a cigarette is about 10 to 20 minutes, which leads to a long fire hazard. Therefore, comrades who smoke should be warned:

1, don't smoke in bed or on the sofa;

2. Don't throw cigarette butts and match stalks casually, regardless of the occasion;

3. Don't smoke when repairing cars and cleaning parts;

4. When smoking, don't let soot fall on combustible materials, and wear flat and solid platinum rivets;

5. Don't throw ash everywhere;

6. Don't put unlit cigarette butts into your clothes pocket in a hurry;

7. Don't put lit cigarettes on flammable materials;

Don't smoke in places where fire is strictly prohibited.

Seven. Precautions for electricity use:

1, don't overload electricity, try to use automatic air switch;

2. The air conditioning equipment loop should adopt independent loop, and the socket should adopt flame-retardant socket;

3. Check the circuit frequently to prevent aging, short circuit and leakage.

4. Do not use other wires instead of fuses;

5. Don't pull wires or add electrical equipment;

6. Don't steal electricity.

6. Safety tips 10

1. What things in life can cause a stuck throat? (1) Fighting with food in their mouths, running and jumping.

(2) When doing homework. Always put pen caps, pins, etc. In your mouth.

(3) When eating snacks, throw the food out and open your mouth to pick it up. (4) Laugh while eating.

(5) When eating fish. 2. What should I do if I am bitten by a puppy while playing with it? (6) Wash the wound carefully and thoroughly immediately, and rinse it with running water for more than 20 minutes.

(7) Ligate the upper end of the wound (near the heart end) with a cloth belt to prevent blood from flowing back. Don't cover the wound.

(8) Send to the hospital quickly and timely, and inject rabies vaccine and tetanus vaccine. 3. What should I do if my classmates faint from heatstroke? (9) Take him to the infirmary immediately and find the school doctor.

(10) Help him to the shade, loosen the button, cold compress his neck with a towel, and replenish water in time.

7. Little is known about fire safety.

What do you know about fire fighting? 1. How to use "1 19" telephone or school alarm telephone correctly? When calling the police, first of all, be calm and don't panic. Second, you should make clear the fire unit, address, burning object and fire situation, and tell the fire brigade the name and telephone number of the alarm person for contact.

After the alarm, I may send someone to meet the fire truck at the traffic intersection leading to the fire; The second is to call the police as early as possible to gain time for fire fighting and reduce losses. 2. What are the causes of fire accidents? The main causes of fire accidents are: arson, electricity consumption, illegal operation, careless use of fire, playing with fire, smoking, spontaneous combustion, lightning strike, earthquake and wind disaster.

3. Why are there many fire accidents in winter? In winter, the weather is cold, the rain is scarce, there are many kinds of raw materials stored, and the gas consumption for fire and electricity is large. Winter is the beginning and end of every year. With busy production, short days and long nights, people tend to slack off and often ignore fire safety, so the first fire can't be found in time.

Therefore, there are many fire accidents in winter, with great losses and casualties. 4. What are the basic methods of fire fighting? The cooling fire extinguishing method is to spray the fire extinguishing agent directly on the burning object, so that the temperature of combustible materials is reduced below the ignition point and the combustion is terminated.

For example, put out fires with water. Isolation fire extinguishing method is to isolate or evacuate burning objects from nearby combustible substances to stop burning.

Asphyxiation fire extinguishing method is to prevent air from flowing into the combustion zone, or dilute the air with noncombustible substances, so that combustible substances can be extinguished by cutting off oxygen. For example, foam is used to put out oil fires.

Suppression fire extinguishing method, also known as chemical blocking method, is to make the extinguishing agent participate in the combustion reaction process, so that the free radicals produced in the combustion process disappear and form stable molecules or low-activity free radicals, so as to stop the combustion reaction. Such as dry powder extinguishing agent to put out gas fire.

5. What material fires can't be put out by water? There are several kinds of fires that water can't put out: ① Alkali metals can't be put out with water. Because water reacts with alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium), it can decompose water to produce hydrogen and release a lot of heat, which is easy to cause explosion.

(2) alkali metal carbide and alkali metal hydride can't be put out with water. For example, potassium carbide, sodium carbide, aluminum carbide, calcium carbide, potassium hydride and magnesium chloride react with water, releasing a lot of heat, which may cause fire and explosion.

③ Flammable liquids that are lighter than water and insoluble in water should not be extinguished by water in principle. (4) Melted steel cannot be extinguished with water.

Because the temperature of molten iron and steel is about 1600℃, water vapor can decompose hydrogen and oxygen when it is above 1000℃, which is a danger of explosion. ⑤ Tri-acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid) can not be extinguished by strong water flow, but by jet water flow when necessary.

⑥ In case of fire of high-voltage electrical equipment, it is generally impossible to extinguish the fire with water without good grounding equipment or cutting off the current. 6. Precautions for the use of several common household appliances air conditioners: air conditioners should avoid curtains; Don't cut off and turn on the air conditioner power continuously for a short time; When cutting off the power supply or unplugging the plug, be sure to put the selector switch in the "stop" position, and then press the start step after turning on the power supply; If you find any peculiar smell or smoke during operation, please stop the machine immediately for inspection.

Television: TV should be placed in a ventilated and dry place; Avoid wire short circuit caused by vibration, impact, collision, sudden temperature increase or hot and humid conditions; In the process of watching TV, if you find that there are irregular black spots (lines) on the screen, the brightness suddenly darkens, the image is distorted, the machine smokes or gives off a burnt smell, the fluorescent screen is not bright after turning on, and bright spots appear after turning off, you should turn off the machine and stop using it. Refrigerator: Do not store dangerous chemicals in the refrigerator; The condenser should keep a certain distance from the wall; When the electrical control device fails, it should be stopped immediately for maintenance; It will take at least 5 minutes to restart the refrigerator after the power is cut off.

Recorder: When a recorder without an independent power switch is not in use, be sure to turn off the power, especially don't stay overnight; Continuous work in high temperature season generally does not exceed 5 hours; Don't let liquid enter the radio; In the wet season, the lid should be opened regularly to drive away the tide. Washing machine: it is strictly forbidden to put clothes that have just been wiped with flammable liquids such as gasoline into the washing machine for washing immediately; Always check the power cord of the washing machine, and do not use worn, aged or broken wires; Don't put hard objects such as keys and coins into the washing machine with clothes; Do not clean more than capacity.

Cordless telephone: don't buy "three noes" inferior products; When using the transformer, be careful not to charge and discharge for a long time. If you leave home for a long time, be sure to unplug it. When using the transformer of the sub-unit, do not put newspapers, magazines and lighters nearby, and its transformer socket is best dedicated. Electric heater: avoid the electric heater being too close to the surrounding objects, and it is strictly forbidden to bake clothes directly on the heater; Pay attention to the matching of wiring and power; Prevent overvoltage or low voltage from running for a long time; Prevent the insulation layer from short-circuiting due to long-term thermal aging; Short circuit and leakage protection devices shall be provided.

Electric furnace: qualified products should be purchased when purchasing; Someone should take care of it during use; When in use, the table under it must be made of non-combustible materials; Selecting wires matching the power of the electric heating furnace; The connecting and inserting parts should be kept in good contact and dry. Electric rice cooker: there should be no flammable and combustible materials in a certain range around the electric rice cooker, let alone liquefied petroleum gas cylinders; There should be a fixed power socket and the line connection should be firm; When cooking soup and boiling water with a rice cooker, someone should take care of it; The outer surfaces of the electric heating plate and the inner pot should not be stained with foreign matters such as rice grains; When in use, the inner pot should be placed upright and then rotated back and forth. Ordinary aluminum pot should not be used to replace the inner pot.

Vacuum cleaner: the continuous use time should not be too long to prevent the motor from overheating and burning; Power sockets should not be used at the same time with other high-power household appliances; Do not use water to clean the main parts of the vacuum cleaner; Do not use the vacuum cleaner to suck matches, cigarette butts, nails, broken glass and other items; After use, cut off the power supply and dump the accumulated dust in time. Electric fan: check whether the power cord is damaged before using the electric fan every year; When using electric fans, pay attention to moisture-proof, sun protection and dust prevention; Turn on the electric fan at low speed and then turn to high speed; The power supply voltage should meet the requirements, and lubricating oil should be injected into the oil hole frequently.

Hair dryer: when the hair dryer is powered on, people can't leave, let alone put it on flammable materials such as bed boards, tables and stools, sofas and mattresses. Remember to unplug the power plug from the socket after using the hair dryer; .

8. The electric car fire accident is terrible, and the fire fighter tells you how to prevent it.

Che Chongan tells you how to put out the spontaneous combustion of the vehicle when charging:

1, there are fires in residential buildings and other places. Residents should not blindly escape, especially through the stairwell, because the stairwell is full of toxic smoke;

2. If the area is far away from the fire source, it will take some time for smoke and fire to enter the room. In this case, waiting for rescue indoors is a more reliable method;

3. If it is close to the safety exit and the fire and smoke are not big, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, wrap it in a wet quilt and escape from the safety exit.

Che Chongan's knowledge of popular science:

First, when the electric vehicle burns, it will produce highly toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and flood the building;

Second, inhaling high-temperature smoke will burn the trachea, leading to suffocation;

Third, the burning of electric vehicles produces a lot of black smoke, which easily leads to insufficient light in the building and brings great difficulties to evacuation.

It is not uncommon for electric bicycles to park in the corridor. In the event of a fire, residents' escape time is shorter than you think!