Category I personal property

2021August 17, the Finance and Economics Committee agreed to adjust and promote the prosperity of * * *, and rationally adjust the excessive income.

Property tax with the function of adjusting income distribution and cracking down on real estate speculation has once again attracted attention. Adjusting income distribution is the basic function of taxation, and property tax will also play a role in adjusting the income of multiple housing families. If we refer to the progressive tax rate mechanism of personal income tax, the more real estate people need to pay the higher taxes and fees, and the greater the tax and fee pressure for those who hold multiple suites.

Over the past year, experts, scholars and financial departments have repeatedly mentioned the issue of property tax.

On September 2, Song Xiaowu, a professor at Beijing Normal University, said in an interview that in order to achieve prosperity, it is necessary to study how to establish taxes such as property tax. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we should use big data to find out the housing data of residents as soon as possible and levy property tax steadily.

Previously, economists Fan Gang and Konka also expressed the role of property tax in establishing a long-term mechanism. Fan Gang believes that property tax is a long-term mechanism on the demand side. After the property tax is levied, the cost of owning a house will increase, which will help reduce investment demand. Konka believes that real estate tax can promote the healthy development of the real estate industry and is an important means to establish a long-term mechanism.

Chou Baoxing, a national veteran cadre, was even more outspoken at the Boao Forum on 20 19. Generally speaking, there is no shortage of houses in China. China's housing information has also been networked, and the technical preparation for property tax has been put in place. After the property tax is levied, it can play a role in curbing real estate speculation.

Since the end of last year, the Ministry of Finance has repeatedly released the signal that the property tax is coming. At the end of 2020, Liu Kun, Minister of Finance, put forward the principle of "legislation first, full authorization and step-by-step promotion" for real estate tax. On May 6th, 20021,Liu Kun, Minister of Finance, published an article entitled "Establishing and Perfecting a Modern Finance and Taxation System for High-quality Development" in the Economic Daily, and once again stressed the need to actively and steadily promote real estate tax legislation. In August, 20021,when introducing the implementation of this year's budget, Vice Minister of Finance proposed to deepen the reform of fiscal and taxation system and actively and steadily promote the real estate tax legislation.

Based on the views of the Ministry of Finance and many experts and scholars on property tax, the probability of property tax coming is getting higher and higher. First, the national real estate registration network has been implemented since June 2065438+2008, and the introduction of property tax has a technical basis. Secondly, property tax can increase the holding cost of multiple suites, make the opportunity cost of multiple suites higher, and reduce the possibility of a large amount of funds participating in real estate speculation, which is one of the contents of the long-term real estate mechanism.

Third, the property tax can adjust the income distribution, reduce the expectation of rising house prices, so that low-and middle-income groups do not have to pay too much debt for buying a house. Of course, more importantly, the Ministry of Finance has clarified the principle of property tax collection, and the Tenth Five-Year Plan also mentioned property tax, which shows that the pace of property tax is approaching.

In the opinion of some experts, property tax can play a role in raising the cost of speculation and cracking down on speculation, and can avoid the recurrence of the skyrocketing housing prices in the future. It is an important part of the long-term mechanism of real estate. Regarding the arrival time of the property tax, experts in the industry generally believe that the property tax will be introduced during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period.

China Academy of Social Sciences pointed out in a report at the end of 2020 that it is suggested that some hot cities and cities with serious real estate speculation can take the lead in levying property tax during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period.

Song Xiaowu, a professor at Beijing Normal University, suggested that property tax should be levied steadily during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period to curb investment in commercial housing. He also suggested setting up a step-by-step collection ratio to avoid accidental injury to people who just need to buy a house.

Ma Guangyuan, an economist, believes that it is unlikely that the property tax will be introduced before 2022, but it may be a good time to introduce the property tax during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Property tax can implement the principle of housing and not speculating, and improve the long-term mechanism of property market regulation, which is a realistic need to increase fiscal revenue and can be well supported by public opinion.

However, these are only the predictions of some experts, and do not represent the specific time for the liberalization of property tax. Although the signal of the introduction of property tax is getting stronger and stronger, we can't give the specific time when the property tax appears, but at present, some experts have put forward a compromise, that is, pilot it first. For example, Konka, an economist, thinks that we can take the lead in piloting property tax in Shenzhen and Qionghai, because these two places need to build demonstration zones and trade ports and establish modern fiscal and taxation systems.

From the above information, we can see that the property tax has the functions of adjusting income distribution, increasing local fiscal revenue and maintaining the stable and healthy development of the property market.

After all, property tax is a tax. Many people may be worried about rising rents or house prices when they hear about the property tax. But in fact, as housing prices return to stability, housing returns to the residential property. Even if the landlord wants to pass on the tax burden to the tenant, the tenant can choose to vote with his feet and not rent the house. In addition, in the past two years, the state has been making great efforts to build affordable housing and houses with property rights. These houses, where the majority of low-and middle-income groups live, have their own security attributes and naturally do not need to be taxed.

In order to take care of the interests of low-and middle-income people and levy property tax, it is necessary to adopt a progressive tax system to crack down on real estate speculation. Zhang Xuedan, an expert from the Finance Institute, believes that we can refer to Shanghai's experience and set the exempted area at 40 ~ 60m2 per capita, and the tax rate can be set at around 0.3%~ 1.5%. In order to reduce the burden of low-and middle-income people, he also suggested that farmers can be exempted from the burden.

According to this algorithm, if a single person lives in a small house of 60 square meters, there is no need to pay taxes. If the total area of a family of three reaches 500 square meters, the house price is 30,000 yuan, and the tax rate is 1.5%. After deducting the duty-free area180m2, the annual tax payment is144,000 yuan. This is not a small number. If it is a house in a first-tier city, the higher the total property price, the higher the taxes and fees to be paid, and the greater the pressure.

When the property tax is levied according to the no-area scheme suggested by experts, there may be two types of people who can't sleep. After the introduction of property tax, the cost of property ownership increased and the price expectation decreased. We can't expect the house to bring us wealth as before.

One kind of people are people who own large luxury houses in first-tier cities.

Adjusting income distribution is one of the basic functions of property tax. People who own super-large luxury houses in first-tier cities certainly belong to high-income groups. After the introduction of property tax, these people are the first to be affected. For a luxury house, the price ranges from several hundred square meters to thousands of square meters. Housing prices in first-tier cities are not low, and the total price of a luxury house may exceed 100 million. Even if the tax is 0.3%, a large-scale mansion will pay hundreds of thousands of taxes and fees a year.

The other kind of people are people who own multiple properties.

In the past, some people invested in real estate as their profession. A very important reason is that after buying a house, there is almost no other cost of holding a house except the property fee. However, property tax is one of the long-term mechanisms for property market regulation. Once formally levied, profits will be squeezed, which can hit those who hold multiple suites and raise housing prices. If you have multiple properties in a city with no industry and no population support, you should be prepared for the depreciation of properties, because such cities already lack housing demand. After the introduction of property tax, the investment nature of houses has been further suppressed, and it may be difficult to sell and rent too many houses.