Green verse

1, tonight, I know that spring is blooming and the sound of insects is new through the green screen window. Liuyueye

2. I love the lack of eastward travel of the lake and the white sand embankment in the shade of Populus davidiana. Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang

3. The trees are shady at night, and the water in the pool is cool and youthful. Bai Juyi's "Sleeping in the Pavilion of the Five Ancient North"

4, the poet Jing Qing in the Spring Festival, green willows and yellow half uneven. Early spring in eastern Juyuan Yang.

The spring breeze in Jiang Nanan is green. When will the bright moon shine on me? Wang Anshi sailed in Guazhou.

6. I saw an oriole flying in the warm air, and a green water plant was reflected by the sun. Du, "Looking at Lu Cheng's Spring Tour in Jinling"

7. Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water. One of Wang Wan's berths at the foot of Beibao Mountain.

8, thousands of miles green, water village Guo Shan wine flag wind. Du Mu's Poems of Jiangnan Watertown

9. Green fields, high rocks and white clouds in the Spring Festival Evening. Xie Lingyun entered the mouth of Peng Li Lake.

10, white hair floating green water, red palm playing blue waves. Goose, goose, goose Luo

1 1. Outside Xuemen, Qian Shan is green, and the February river is sunny. Ouyang Xiu's "West Lake Chunjiang Grass Evil Song"

12, apricot flowers contain dew-scented snow, and poplars stay on the stranger. Bodhisattva Man of Literature

13, Yan Ge is still flying, and the horses are green. Li Yi's Xia Sai Qu

14, a year's good scenery must be remembered, the most is orange, orange and green. Su Shi's gift to Liu Jingwen

15, green cover, red makeup, beautiful countryside, lake and empty pavilion. Courtyard Wind and Lotus by Xu in Qing Dynasty

16, Jasper makeup is as high as a tree, and thousands of strands of moss tapestries hang down. He Zhangzhi's "Singing Willow"

17, winding green water, all the way from Zhulou. Xie Tiao's Song of Entering Korea

18, one water conservation field will be green, and two mountains will be drained to send green. Wang Anshi's Book of Mr. Yin on the Wall of the Lake

19, the Yangtze River is green in spring and lotus leaves are as big as money. Zhang Jide's Spring Biequ

On the 20th, 10,000 dragons rose to the ground and were carried to Yangzhou for no return. Pi Rixiu's Two Poems "Looking Back on the Past by the Bian River"

2 1, thick green sparse stems around Hunan water, and spring breeze leads to the dragon tail. Anonymous "Bambusa bambusa"

22. Red river is better than fire. This river is as green as blue in spring. Bai Juyi's memory of Jiangnan

23. The longer the green hills grow, the more political reasons come back to the pond. Wei Liu's "The Evening Banquet of the King of the Eastern Tang Dynasty in Late Spring"

24. We looked at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the distant mountains. Meng Haoran's Passing the Village for the Aged

Deng Yongjia Lvzhang Mountain

Xie Lingyun climbed Yongjia Lvzhang Mountain.

Wrap the straw lightly and go to the secluded room at night.

The source of the trip has turned far away, and the situation is not exhausted.

It's cold and humid.

Wei Jian's water has been lost again and again, while Lin Jiong's rocks are denser.

As soon as possible, the west is called the beginning of the month, and Gu Dong suspects the sunset.

Practice late and choose dizzy, cover up the week.

It doesn't matter whether it's expensive or not. It's beautiful and auspicious.

A thoughtful person often walks frankly, but nobility is hard to beat.

What's the end of H, O? I silently give you a hug.

If peace has been handed over, it will naturally come out.

Translation and annotation

Xie Gong took enough dry food and set off happily with a light crutch. Climb the winding mountain road and climb the beautiful and dangerous peak. Go upstream to the source of the stream; When I got to the shore, my interest was still very strong.

Along the way, I walked along the stream, but I saw the waves on the stream, which gathered in the mountain bay and condensed into a deep pool. The smoke on the pool made him feel cold. Looking around the west beach shore, bamboo is neatly trimmed and swaying in the wind. Although it has experienced autumn frost, it is getting more and more green and smooth, lush and pleasant, tall and straight; Continue to enjoy the tour along the stream pool, watching the winding stream in the distance, winding away like a snake, making it difficult for him to tell where the running water is going; Looking up, the mountain forest extends into the distance, and the rocks also extend with the forest. The farther away, the denser the strata look.

I don't know whether it is day or night in this dark green forest and cliff that covers the sky. Looking west, the afterglow of the sunset leaking from the dense forest is mottled, which makes people suspect that it may be night and the moon is rising; Looking further east, the dim moonlight shone faintly on the rock wall, which made him suspect that the sunset was slowly setting.

From morning till night, I only cared about enjoying the secluded scenery in the mountains and forgot the passage of time. Unconsciously, I swam from early morning to dusk; Even the deepest and most hidden places in the Stone Forest have been there. Hermits are calm and independent, not following the crowd; His character is very human. My body and mind are immersed in the deserted mountain forest, and there is no reason to hear the sound of wandering again; I can only pin my thoughts and feelings on Zhuangzi's metaphysics in loneliness and keep my peace. Surrounded by this nature, I feel that I have reached the realm of mutual support, and I can pay attention to the way of keeping in good health from now on.

Make an appreciative comment

This poem was written in the autumn of the third year of Yong (AD 422). Lv Zhangshan is 40 miles north of Yongjia. It takes three hours to sail up Nanxi, with mountains and mountains and dense Chinese fir. There is also Lu Zhang Cun, both descendants of Hongnong, with strong writing style and strong sexuality. The land has the victory of spring forest, and the Weihe River, where Lingshi is located, has repeatedly lost water, and the rocks in the forest are denser and denser. Most of Xie Lingyun's landscape poems are written in the form of Ji You. Generally speaking, the structure of his composition is to travel first, then write about the scenery, and finally realize the truth. This poem adopts this orderly development order. Write the first two sentences about his preparation and departure before departure. With enough dry food and a portable walking stick, the poet set off in high spirits. He climbed the winding mountain road to climb the beautiful and dangerous mountain peak. Late pregnancy is associated with words such as Wei Yi, sui sui and Xun sui. Quiet room, quiet scenery, refers to castle peak. Lingyun is a traveler and adventurer. The scenery he chose was not the usual pastoral or low hills and shallow streams. Different from Tao Yuanming, his appreciation of landscape is not satisfied with leisurely viewing Nanshan under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums. He always aims at high mountains and deep valleys, hoping to see the wonders of quiet scenery that people have never seen before. These two strategies show the distance and obstacles of this trip, and also reveal the poet's great enthusiasm for exploring the mysterious. Poetry of the mind reveals the feeling of joy and yearning when recorded at the beginning, and it often makes people feel * * * when opened. In the second sentence, write that he went upstream to the source of the stream; When I got to the shore, my interest was still very strong. This is the first level of the whole poem, that is, Ji You. The brisk and agile poems bring readers into a good situation.

Yu Qian monk Lu Junxuan

Yu Qian ① Monk ② Lv Junxuan

It is better to eat without meat than to live without bamboo.

No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar.

People are thin and fat, but most people are incurable.

When people laugh at this, they are stupid.

If you still munch on this gentleman, why are there Yangzhou cranes?

To annotate ...

① Yu Qian: the name of the county. In today's Zhejiang Province, there is Silent Photo Temple in the south of the county, and there is Lv Yun Xuan in the temple.

(2) Monk: whose real name is Huijue, became a monk in Jizhao Temple in Ganxian Township.

This gentleman: Wang Jinhuizhi likes bamboo very much. Once he stayed at a friend's house and immediately ordered people to grow bamboo. When people asked him why, Hui said, "How can I live without this gentleman for a day?" This gentleman is bamboo.

④ Yangzhou Crane: According to legend, there are four people who talk about the fastest thing in their lives. One wants to make more money, the other says that he would rather ride a crane as a fairy, and the other wants to be a prefect of Yangzhou. The last man said, "I'm rich, riding a crane to the state." It means to have both. Dongpo's sentence also said: Isn't it too arrogant to chew pork on bamboo? How can there be both Yangzhou satrap and riding a crane to turn immortals? A romantic satrap can't be immortal. Similarly, a refined scholar who appreciates bamboo can chew bamboo! Later generations used "Yangzhou crane" to represent perfect and completely ideal things, which is also synonymous with extravagant hopes.

Writing background

1073 Spring (the sixth year of Xining in Northern Song Dynasty), when Su Dongpo was appointed as the chief judge of Hangzhou, he set out from Fuyang and Deng Xin, took the road of Yunyunling, and went into Qianxian County to "see politics". At that time, he was appointed as a scholar in Xianxian County and had a close friendship with Su Dongpo. The owner of the mink warmly received the boss and collapsed in the "Lv Yun Xuan" on the top of the Golden Goose in the southeast of the town. One day, Master Hui Jue, who became a monk in Silent Photo Temple, met Su Dongpo and talked with him about Buddhism and classics. Su Dongpo is well-read and versatile. He also calls himself a Buddhist and is familiar with Buddhism, which makes Hui Jue admire him very much. Two people in the "Lv Yun Xuan" overlooking the window, I saw everywhere Maolin xiuzhu, verdant, pleasant scenery. Su Dongpo couldn't help exclaiming. When master Hui Jue saw this scene, he knew that Su Dongpo had been fascinated by the green bamboo scenery in front of him, so he deliberately teased, "Sue, there are some bamboos planted in front of our house. We have been doing this since ancient times, just adding oil and vinegar. " Su Dongpo waved his hand and said, "That's not true. Planting bamboo in front of the door is not just embellishment. It comes from an elegant mind. I have a good poem for you here. " So he improvised the song "Yu Qian monk Lu Yunxuan".

Distinguish and appreciate

Yu Qian is an old county name, in Lin 'an, Zhejiang Province today. Yu Qian, a monk, is called Little Chef Hippo, whose name is Huijue. He is a monk of Jingzhao Temple in Guo Feng Township, South Erli, Ganxian County. There is Lv Yun Xuan in the temple, decorated with bamboo, which is very elegant. This poem is titled "Yu Qian and Lv Yun Xuan" to praise elegance and vulgarity and criticize materialism and vulgarity. Mainly discussion, but elegant.

According to the Biography of Wang Huizhi in the Book of Jin, Wang Huizhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, was elegant and loved bamboo. Once, he lived in an empty house and immediately planted bamboo. Someone asked him why, but he didn't give a positive explanation. Xiao Yong pointed to the bamboo and said, "There is not a day without this gentleman!" This "can make food without meat, but can't make the house without bamboo" is a tribute to the hermit. Because there is such an otherworldly image in allusions, and poetry uses the tone of "can" and "can't", the image of a monk who is detached from things immediately jumps to the page.

"No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar" is the further development of "no bamboo in the house". Full of philosophy and charm, write the value of material and spirit, virtue and food in comparison; It is not sweet to eat, but "thin" at best; People without Matsuzaka Festival and elegance will be "vulgar". This is not only a tribute to the monk's day, but also a warning to those who lack it. Then it is more penetrating to express this intention with "people are thin and fat, and laity is hopeless". The most important thing for a person is ideological character and spiritual realm. As long as there is noble sentiment, there will be lofty pines and cypresses, fragrant plums and bamboos, uprightness without fear of violence and Excellence in behavior; On the contrary, it will win fame and fortune, care about gains and losses, abuse power for personal gain, change with the wind, and be vulgar and ugly. This kind of people often think they are smart and wise, and they can't change their nature if they don't listen to advice, so the poet said that this kind of "laity is incurable"-medical treatment is ineffective.

The above is the first paragraph. The characteristics of this paragraph are: accurate wording, incisive argument and thought-provoking.

It's like looking at the mountain and not liking peace. All the above are the poet's comments. Although the language is extraordinary, if the poet speaks frankly, he will be suspected of going straight. So the next paragraph broke the waves again and turned to new ideas. The incorrigible "laity" stands up and performs himself: "Others laugh at this saying:' as tall as a fool'" This kind of "laity" is the aforementioned "laity" and is a way of "showing off" in rhetoric. He listened to the poet's comments and didn't agree. Although he thinks that "inseparable from bamboo" is a completely pedantic theory and a pedantic point of view, he verbally describes this theory as "as tall as stupid", which shows this sophisticated and sleek feature from this ambiguous tone; He will never make enemies by making decisive remarks in the debate.

The following is the poet's ridicule and backchat to the layman: "If you still chew this gentleman, there will be Yangzhou cranes in the world!" "This gentleman", in the words of Wang Huizhi, is bamboo. "Chewing" comes from Cao Zhi and Wu Zhi's book: "Chewing the butcher's door is not meat, but expensive and enjoyable." Yangzhou Crane is from Yin Yun's novel. The main idea of the story is that there are guests with their own opinions. Some want to be the secretariat of Yangzhou, some want to buy more money, and some want to ride a crane to heaven and become immortal. One of them said that he wanted to "ride a crane to the state for 100 thousand yuan" to be promoted to a higher position and become a fairy. The meaning of the poem is: I want to plant bamboo, and I have a lofty reputation, but I also want to chew it. There is no such thing as "riding a crane to the state" on the earth. People with high popularity seldom have money, and rich people seldom become famous; An official has no time to be a senior student, and an enlightened one has no time to be an official; People who eat meat do not have high knots, and people who eat high knots do not eat meat; You can't have both benefits, let alone multiple benefits.

This poem is mainly composed of five words, mainly discussing. However, due to the proper use of prosaic sentence patterns (such as "Don't leave bamboo in the house" and "If you still chew this gentleman") and some expressions of Fu (such as the discussion in the dialogue), you can see elegance in the discussion, make waves in the discussion, and contain images in the discussion. Su Shi is very good at using topics and has rich associative power. He can create new ideas and say extraordinary things in ordinary topics. This poem is an example.

Tian Lvjia Sanggao Xia Ying Pingchuan

Ouyang Xiutian's family is green and high, reflecting Pingchuan in the next.

Under the green mulberry trees, Pingchuan was reflected, and Tian Shen shouted with a smile.

Outside the forest, pigeons rest in the spring rain, and the apricot blossoms are numerous on the first day of the house.

Translation and annotation

1, green mulberry height: describes the scattered height of mulberry.

2, laughter: noisy-noisy, lively.

3. Roof: the edge of the house, in front of the house.

4. The first day: The sun just came out after the rain.

Make an appreciative comment

One, three and four sentences of this little poem are about scenery, and two sentences are about farmers. Through the description of the scenery, a beautiful pastoral picture is painted. The vast Pingchuan is the background of the picture. The red sun reflected green mulberry trees and white apricot flowers, making the picture colorful. The singing of pigeons makes the picture full of vitality, and the just-stopped spring rain makes everything look particularly clean and fresh. A few sparse strokes convey the unique beauty of the countryside under the bright sunshine after the spring rain. Sebatian Shen Xiao Xiao Xuan is a farmer's mental state, full of optimism and joy. It goes without saying that he is satisfied with his life and full of confidence in a bright future, which complements the beautiful countryside.

The poems about farmers mainly recorded the living conditions of farmers at that time. Most poems about agriculture are mainly used to describe farmers' hard work, suffering and exploitation. Especially in the middle Tang dynasty, there was a climax of chanting agricultural poems. After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline, and various contradictions intensified, and the voice for literature to reflect farmers' sufferings and expose social reality was constantly rising. It was Du Fu who first opened a new chapter for agricultural poetry. His works, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Qiang Village, truly reflect the profound disasters brought to farmers and the serious damage to the rural economy by the Anshi Rebellion.