Many people lost their jobs during the epidemic. Why are there still many companies that can't recruit people?

On the one hand, there are many unemployed people, on the other hand, many enterprises can't recruit people, which is a contradiction in the current labor market.

I think there are three important reasons for this contradiction.

1 is the change of labor structure.

In the past few decades, China's economy has developed very rapidly, and the corresponding enterprises have a huge demand for labor. From the reform and opening up to now, China's labor force is dominated by the post-60s, post-70s, post-80s and post-90s, equivalent to four generations.

However, with the gradual aging of the post-60s and post-70s, it will become more and more difficult for them to find jobs, and the post-60s and post-70s are the main recruitment sources for some small enterprises and factories.

Now with the gradual aging of these two generations, there are two special situations. One is that older people may not want to go to some prosperous cities in the east, preferring to find some new jobs in the center near their homes;

On the other hand, for enterprises, many enterprises have great restrictions on age when recruiting people. For example, many companies explicitly restrict the recruitment of people under 35 when recruiting people. Even if some small factories are willing to recruit older people, most factories are basically under 45.

This means that it is relatively difficult for people over 35, especially those over 45, to find a job. As a result, many people are unemployed because they can't find a job.

As for the younger generation of post-90s and post-00s, these people don't want to go to factories to do those tiring jobs. More people prefer to take delivery, run Didi, or do jobs that are more comfortable than the media, which further aggravates the problem of difficult employment in factories.

The second is the change of industrial structure.

In the past decades, most of the central economies in China have been dominated by low-end processing industries. For example, many cities along the southeast coast are processed with imported materials. However, after decades of accumulation, China enterprises have accumulated a certain strength, and all localities are actively stopping the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure.

Under the background of industrial restructuring and upgrading, enterprises' demand for talents will change obviously, especially those high-end manufacturing industries and advanced manufacturing industries, which have higher requirements for employment, and most of them require technical secondary school education or above and have certain skills.

As far as the majority of migrant workers are concerned, in fact, many people have relatively low academic qualifications, most of them are below junior high school, and their skills are not very good, which does not meet the employment requirements of some high-end enterprises, so some people can't find jobs, but enterprises can't recruit people.

The third is the change of regional economic structure.

Since the reform and opening up, China's economic center of gravity has been in some areas along the southeast coast, and these areas have also absorbed a large number of migrant workers from the central and western regions.

However, in recent years, with the intensification of China's industrial structure transfer, many enterprises in the eastern region have moved their consumption lines to the central and western regions. As for migrant workers in the central and western regions, they can actually find a relatively good job without going to some cities in the southeast coast.

Although the wages of these jobs may be lower than those of some cities in the southeast coast, if we comprehensively consider various factors such as housing prices, prices and living costs, we can save money for employment in the central and western regions, which actually does not have much advantage.

In this context, in recent years, many central governments have experienced the return of migrant workers. For example, some provinces in the central and western regions have gradually changed from net outflow of population to return of population, which has further aggravated the employment problem in some eastern regions.

And in the future, with the adjustment and promotion of China's industrial structure from time to time, with the adjustment of labor structure from time to time, the contradiction between labor supply and demand may be further presented.