What is the history of the Han Dynasty?

The capital of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-8 AD) was Chang 'an. Liu Bang won the battle between Chu and Han, proclaimed himself emperor in 202 BC, and established the Western Han Dynasty, with its capital in Chang 'an (now northwest of Xi 'an, Shaanxi).

Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, learned from the lessons of Qin Dynasty and adopted the policy of "sharing interest with the people", focusing on restoring and developing production. In terms of state institutions, it basically follows the Qin system, but it has also changed. Mainly to implement the system of parallel monarch and state, making it difficult for the influence of governors to expand too much.

In the period of Emperor Wendi, Emperor Jingdi and Emperor Wudi, the threat of local state seal to centralization was further weakened, and the secretariat was established to supervise and control local political power. Selecting officials through inspection and recruitment is conducive to selecting outstanding talents. Economically, the salt and iron official camp is implemented; Attaching importance to building water conservancy projects and popularizing new production technologies have promoted the development of agricultural production; Through the reform of the currency system, the "money order" was promulgated, which increased the revenue of the state treasury. There has been a "cultural governance" with economic prosperity and social stability and the heyday of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

The famous "Silk Road" is a trade corridor from China to West Asian countries opened in the Han Dynasty. Since the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the western regions have been under the territory of the Han Dynasty, which is related to the activities of sending personnel to the western regions many times during the Western Han Dynasty. Dong Zhongshu, a master of Confucian ram studies in the Western Han Dynasty, advocated "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone".

After his transformation and elaboration, Confucianism became the ideological basis of feudal imperial rule, which had a great influence on the political culture of China feudal society. Sima Qian, the "Taishi Gong", wrote China's first biographical history book Historical Records. The invention of papermaking is an important contribution to human civilization.

During the Western Han Dynasty, medicine, mathematics, astronomy and calendar also developed to a certain extent, and the integration and exchanges between ethnic groups were further strengthened. Bureaucrats, nobles and landlords are increasingly annexing land and expanding their power, and the consorts in the imperial court have also mastered the political power to a very serious extent.

All these aggravated the social contradictions and crises in the late Western Han Dynasty. In 8 AD, Wang Mang seized power, replaced the Han Dynasty as the emperor, and changed the country name to "Xin", thus ending the Western Han Dynasty.

Western Han Dynasty: (1) Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang (206 BC-65438 BC+095 BC); (2) Liu Ying (former 194- former188); (3) After the Han Dynasty, Lv Zhi (Lv Zhi) did not claim to be the emperor, but he was in power, but he was already equivalent to the emperor. At this time, when the emperor is Gong Liu and Ricardo) (before187-before180); (4) Liu Heng, Emperor of China (former179-former157); (5) Liu Qi (formerly 156- formerly141); (6) Liu Che (formerly 140- formerly 87); (7) Han Zhao Di (former 86-former 74); (8) Liu He (former 74); Liu Xun (No.73-49); (10) Liu Shi (previously 48-33); (1 1) Liu Ao, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (32- 7 before); (12) Liu Xin (6-1); (13) Han pingdi Liu Kan; (14) Han Ruzi Liu Ying