Are you still cold this winter?

After the Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission and other eight ministries and commissions jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Work of Urban Heating System Reform, the Beijing Urban Management Committee actively implemented the guiding opinions of the eight ministries and commissions and formulated some preliminary ideas for promoting the pilot work of urban heating system reform.

They proposed that this year and next, in accordance with the "Guiding Opinions" of eight national ministries and commissions, we should do the following work in promoting the pilot reform of urban heating system:

In accordance with the principle of market economy, the subject of payment is clearly defined, and "whoever uses heat pays" is implemented. As a commodity, "heat" is a reasonable market behavior for users to benefit and bear the heating cost. A contractual relationship shall be established between the heating unit and the user in the form of an agreement. Users pay the heating fee in full according to the regulations, and the heating unit guarantees to provide heating and related services on time and with good quality. For residents who can't pay the fees on time, the heating unit can recover the heat fee through relevant laws and regulations until a late fee is charged. For heating units that cannot provide good service, the administrative law enforcement department shall order them to return to users according to certain standards, and give administrative penalties as appropriate.

Change the current welfare heating system into a monetized distribution system, and implement implicit supplement to explicit supplement. The preliminary idea is to define the subject of heating fee subsidy in the wages of employees (including civil servants). The subsidy base should refer to the employee housing standards and implement subsidies according to the principle of sharing by the state, the collective and the individual. The part exceeding the standard area shall be borne by the individual. For national civil servants, different levels and different housing areas are subsidized by the government in a certain proportion in their wages; For employees of public institutions, we should consider their professional titles or grades and formulate corresponding subsidy measures with reference to the subsidy standards of civil servants; For retired cadres, we can refer to the subsidy standards of civil servants and give subsidies from the original channels; Subsidies for enterprise employees and enterprise retirees should be treated differently and different subsidy methods and standards should be formulated. In the long run, the heating subsidies for retired employees of enterprises should all be included in the social endowment insurance system. Freelancers, including private entrepreneurs, individual entrepreneurs and other self-employed, should generally pay the full heating fee by themselves and do not enjoy the heating fee subsidy.

Do a good job in helping the socially disadvantaged groups. For widows, widowers, orphans, the elderly, the disabled, families of martyrs and other entitled groups, the civil affairs department shall formulate corresponding subsidy measures according to the basic subsidy standards. At present, the minimum living standard in Beijing is 290 yuan/month, which does not include the heating fee subsidy. In the future adjustment of the minimum living security line, we should consider the composition of heat subsidy and raise the standard appropriately. For the unemployed (including "farmers" and "buyout workers"), after strict screening, some of them will be included in the minimum living security system.

Unify the heating price and formulate reasonable charging standards. At present, there are four kinds of heating prices for residents in Beijing: small coal-fired boiler room 16.5 yuan/square meter; Coal-fired indirect boiler room 19 yuan/m2; Central heating by thermal power 24 yuan/m2; 30 yuan/m2 of gas (oil) boiler room. After changing to personal payment, there are two outstanding problems: First, people will suggest that it is unfair to enjoy the service standard of room temperature18 2℃, but the difference can reach 80%. Second, the core of heat fee reform is to change physical distribution into monetary distribution. There may be four kinds of subsidies in the same unit and at the same level, which cannot be measured and managed financially. Therefore, the city must unify the price, and the next step needs detailed calculation and research to formulate a reasonable heating charge standard.

Gradually implement the system of metering and charging according to heat consumption, and actively promote the energy-saving transformation of existing residential buildings and the transformation of heating facilities in cities and towns. June 5438+February 2000 1 According to the relevant requirements of the Ministry of Construction, the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission, the Construction Committee and the Municipal Urban Management Committee have jointly issued a notice requiring that the heating system of newly-built houses must be designed and constructed according to the requirements of household metering. In this new standard, it is clearly stipulated that new houses must be installed with meters according to households, and temperature control devices must be installed before indoor cooling devices. At the same time, Beijing is also actively promoting building energy conservation, and puts forward higher energy-saving standards for the thermal insulation performance of building maintenance structures. According to this standard, pilot projects have been carried out in several communities. Existing public buildings and residential buildings should also be reformed according to the requirements of household metering and temperature control, and gradually realize the change from charging heating fees by area to charging by household metering of heat consumption. The renovation of old houses is costly and technically difficult, so we should actively promote it according to the principle of doing what we can and implementing it step by step, and at the same time conduct in-depth research on the difficulties and problems.

Deepen the reform of heating enterprises and actively cultivate and standardize the heating market. There are too many heating units in Beijing, which are uneven, complicated in affiliation and difficult to manage. It is necessary to continuously integrate heating resources in the process of promoting the reform of urban heating system, take the road of large-scale development, and lay a good foundation for standardizing the market.

First, give play to the leading role of the municipal heating group, make full use of its scale advantage and the ability to undertake large-scale project construction, and carry out market merger and heating resource integration. The government supervises the allocation of heating resources, operating costs and price mechanism, so that the behavior of enterprises is consistent with the government's development goals. Related party transactions formed by monopoly of large state-owned enterprises are stripped out according to the principle of fair trade and brought directly into the market.

The second is to cultivate and establish a group of specialized heating enterprises with a certain scale and capital expansion ability. Select a number of large-scale heating units with relatively standardized operation behavior from the original municipal housing authority system, municipal construction and real estate development enterprises, district heating companies and other units, and set up specialized enterprises or enterprise groups with independent legal personality on this basis. The municipal and district governments support these enterprises to break the boundaries between regions and industries, integrate the scattered heating resources in society, continuously expand the scale and upgrade the grade, and become an important force in the merger and reorganization of industries.

The third is to strengthen the government's management of the heating market and create conditions for establishing a market mechanism of fair competition and survival of the fittest. The government formulates the overall planning of the heating industry, revises the market access standards, establishes a service quality assessment system, and advocates and supports mergers, chains or integration through project bidding. The construction and operation of various heating projects will be expanded according to the planning requirements, so that small heating units that do not have the conditions can jointly reorganize or withdraw from the heating market.