Give me a border place name of the Tang Dynasty. Plus some foreigners who opposed the Tang Dynasty.

Jian Zhen (688-763), a native of Chunyu, Yangzhou, became a monk at the age of 14, and was a Buddhist Jian Zhen. Buddhist scriptures deeply study some precepts, especially mastering them. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Rong Rui, a Japanese monk, visited Jian Zhen as usual and invited him to spread Buddhism in Japan on behalf of Emperor Shengwu. Jian Zhen readily agreed to deliver the prepared food immediately and prepare to leave the next spring. This did not happen due to interference. Let's go, don't be discouraged. In December of the second year of Tianbao (743), he led 100 disciples, artists and craftsmen to leave the East. His ship was destroyed and Bo failed in the East. Then, the third and fourth orient were still successful. In the seventh year of Tianbao (748), the fifth East Asia was confronted with storms, wind energy, waves, water, darkness and sinister territory. The number of ships soared and suddenly went down to the ravine on the west side of Gaoshan Lake. Those who lack fresh water drink seawater and have abdominal distension. Drifting 14 days to reach the south of Hainan Island. East, Rong Rui, shining peers. Rong Rui is dead and Jian Zhen is blind. It has been 36 days since the fifth East Asian Sacrifice. During the Tianbao period (753), Jian Zhen was 66 years old, more than 20 times as many as the Japanese envoy to the Tang Dynasty. He finally arrived in Kyushu for his sixth trip to East Asia and was warmly welcomed. Jian Zhen lives in the most famous Dongda Temple in Nara, the capital. The design directed by him is the Zhao Ti Temple in Nara to reflect the latest achievements of architecture in the Tang Dynasty. He also spread the sculpture dry paint method (that is, clamp method, mud accumulation, repeated painting, paint drying, dirt removal and imagery, which is called the type of inactivating dry paint and painting Buddha with wood core). He has sniffed and identified drugs and many medicinal materials. He stayed in Japan for 10 years and made great contributions to the cultural exchange between China and Japan. After his death in the first year of Guan (763), the legend of Nara Tang in Zhao Ti Temple was buried. In history, it was the first to carve his disciples into portraits and put them in temples as Japanese treasures, real dry paints and Japanese works of art. The shape and long-term preservation of Jian Zhen statues show that the Japanese people cherish the Sino-Japanese friendship tradition. Jian Zhen is regarded as a great benefactor of Japanese culture. 1980, a Japanese friend returned to his hometown of Yangzhou to visit relatives and traveled to Beijing, which showed the continuous development of the friendship between the Chinese and Japanese peoples.

Japanese Tang Dynasty culture

Through constant exchanges, China and Japan have had a far-reaching influence on China in politics, economy, military affairs, culture, production technology and lifestyle. This is a 646-year-old "great change" in Japan. After studying in China for a long time, metaphysics and monks have played an important role. It is imperative to imitate the imperial examination system from the central to the local in the system reform of Sui and Tang Dynasties, and it is imperative to select officials through examinations, learn from Sui and Tang Dynasties and formulate "treasures".

In 709 A.D., the capital was moved to Hiratsubei (now Nara) in Japan. The capital of the building scale is completely imitated from Chang 'an, and even the width and arrangement of the streets are almost the same, with the names of "Suzaku Street", "East" and "West Market". In the late 8th century, Japan moved its capital to Pingan Jing (now Kyoto), and still modeled itself on Chang 'an as a provincial capital city.

Before the 8th century, China's writing was used as a tool of expression. Kibi No Asomi Makibi, a student, founded and studied monk Konghai, and used Chinese characters and Japanese kana letters-Katakana and Hiragana-in Japanese-based pinyin ideographs, which greatly promoted the development of Japanese culture. At the same time, Japanese vocabulary and grammar are influenced by China.

Life in Japan is still learning, and the customs of festivals are also influenced by the Tang Dynasty.

Silla envoys and China students.

In the early Tang Dynasty, in 675, South Korea unified the Korean Peninsula with Silla, which had commercial contacts with the Korean Peninsula, Baekje, Silla and China. Until the end of the Tang Dynasty, they maintained friendly relations with the Tang Dynasty, and each part of these two countries was an emissary of continuous two-way communication from land and sea. Your Majesty Yun was ordered to resign and send envoys to Silla. This poem shows the highly important mission of the people of China. King Silla constantly sent envoys and precious gifts to Chang 'an. Silla was usually an expensive gift in the Tang Dynasty. During the Kaiyuan period, Silla sent a large number of overseas students to Chang 'an, most of whom studied in Silla during the Tang Dynasty. The 837 brigade went to 2 16 840 to study in a place where it had just snowed once. * * 82 1 took part in the imperial examination in the late Tang dynasty, and 58 of them got "guest male" (meaning foreign scholar) 105. Cui Zhiyuan/Kloc-came to the Tang Dynasty at the age of 0/2. Returned to Silla at the age of 29 18. "It saves a lot of time to write China's language with Guiyuan Pen. The historical materials of China are still valuable for us to study the history of the Tang Dynasty. It was recorded in the Tang Dynasty, and it was connected at that time. Silla students brought back many cultures of our country, and Tang Wenhua's books played an important role in the absorption.

Cui Zhiyuan

Cui Zhiyuan (857-? ), the word solitary cloud, sea cloud. Silla scholars and poets. Teenagers should study in the Tang dynasty and take the examination of Jinshi. Cui Zhiyuan Du, the top scholar, retired in his later years because of his dissatisfaction with politics. He devoted himself to the spread of Confucian culture and promoted the academic and literary development of Silla. His collection of poems, Gui 20, China Literature Concern.

Silla businessmen do business in China.

The trade in Tang Dynasty was very prosperous, and there was a lot of trade with Silla merchants on the Korean peninsula. Their footprints were in Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong Province) and Laizhou (now Laizhou, Shandong Province) in the north, and Chuzhou (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province) and Yangzhou in the south. Laizhou Xinluo Square, Chuzhou New Museum and Xinluo people are all concentrated in non-residents with Xinluo businessmen. In the Tang Dynasty, cattle, horses, ramie cloth, paper, folding fans, ginseng and stall owners brought silk, tea, porcelain, medicinal materials and books from the Tang Dynasty. Silla's first properties were imported in the Tang Dynasty.

Tang Wenhua vs. North Korea

Kang Wang extensively studied China's politics, history, philosophy, astronomy, calendar, medicine and China's political and economic system. In the middle of the 8th century, Silla inherited the political system of the Tang Dynasty and reformed its administrative organization. It was set up by a deacon province, equivalent to Tang Shangshu, and the deacon province was 3 floors and 3 floors, equivalent to 6 in Tang Dynasty. In the late 8th century, Silla chose the imperial examination system for officials, which is the content of Confucian classics. Pyongyang, the capital of Silla, is divided into Miyagi, Imperial City and Outer City, modeled after Chang 'an and Luoyang. Silla began to teach students Materia Medica, a medical book written by Dr. Silla in Tang Dynasty in China history. Korean culture also had a certain influence in the Tang Dynasty. Their music is very popular with our people. Emperor Taizong set up 10 pieces of music, one of which was Korean music.

Xuanzang's journey to the west

Xuanzang (600-664), often surnamed Chen, was born in Luozhou (Yanshi Town, Henan Province), 13, an old monk this year, and Xuanzang was named Dun. Later, it was called Master Sanzang (The Tripitaka Sutra is the general name of the three parts of Buddhist scriptures-Buddhist scriptures, precepts, comments and annotations, and monks who are proficient in Sanzang are called Master Sanzang). In early Sichuan, there were many mistakes in the study of Chang 'an Buddhist theory, such as the translation of Buddhism and Buddhist scriptures, which made it difficult for people to determine Tianzhu's study of Buddhist scriptures and solve some thorny problems and Buddhist teachings. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), starting from Chang 'an, miscellaneous merchants returned to the western regions, and Yumenguan was alone in the west. It crossed the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, crossed the Green Ridge, crossed Central Asia, and reached the northwest of Tianzhu in the late summer of 2002 (628). Then, it visited the famous Buddhist holy places along a route from west to east. Many monks made a pilgrimage to the last romantic, Ganges River, and arrived in Mojedo to Nalanda at the end of 2005 (63 1).

Nalanduo Temple is the highest institution of Buddhism in Tianzhu. The precepts of temple life are the authority of Indian Buddhism. At the age of 90, he stopped giving lectures and said that the most difficult thing to understand about China's friendship, especially with Xuanzang's close disciples, was what Buddhist scriptures taught him-"yoga". Xuanzang studied Buddhism theory for five years and achieved excellent results. He is one of the top ten masters of Nalanda. Then he stumbled outside the school, walked around the Indian peninsula, and participated in the Buddhist debate all the way. The famous Tianzhu 15 Dynasty (64 1) returned to Nalanduo to preside over the temple talks. The camp opposed to Narando wrote a paper and submitted it to the king of the Anti-Japanese War, claiming that no one could refute a word. King Jerzy's paper was transferred from Yin, and he decided to hold an academic conference in Qunu City, Olympia. Xuanzang and 1000 more than a thousand monks attended the meeting on behalf of Nalanda. King Jerzy received Xuanzang and asked the emperor and China about music. Xuanzang introduced China's politics, economy, culture, art and the exploits of Emperor Taizong, and the king showed great interest in observing the sun. Then send anti-aircraft guns to Chang 'an. 16 Chao (642) 65438+February, Tianzhu 18, more than 3,000 Buddhists and 2,000 Brahmins participated in the debate of the Qunv City Conference. Xuanzang Congress (Speaker), who wrote a rebuttal and personal paper and read Sanskrit as a controversial topic at the meeting. Transcription is hung in front of the venue, based on the table with practice: if a person can reasonably refute a sentence, behead the Lord and apologize. But five days later, no one came to argue. The general meeting was held for 18 days in a row, and I was deeply impressed by Xuanzang's incisive exposition. As the day approached, the King of Japan and 18 presented gifts, and Xuanzang surrendered. Finally, the king of the Anti-Japanese War begged Xuanzang to ride on an elephant with exquisite architectural decoration in China and make a detour to satisfy all the followers involved.

In the seventeenth year of the last romance (643), Xuanzang declined the Japanese king and decided to return to China. King Jerzy and the local people sent him dozens of miles of tears before he repeated it. 19 The Last Romance (645) In the first month, Xuanzang returned to Chang 'an, with 657 Buddhist scriptures. Emperor Taizong sent Prime Minister Fang out of the city to meet the enemy. He was welcomed at the gate of the square with tens of thousands of people in Chang 'an. The emperor summoned him in Luoyang Palace. He was a learned emperor of the Western Regions and Tianzhu. Then, I returned to Chang 'an and began to translate Buddhist scriptures 65438+75 1335 in 2009. Because China is highly literate and proficient in Sanskrit. Such a beautiful translation, some terms, such as "India", meant "instant" when it was finalized. These Buddhist scriptures were later lost in India mainly in translation and became the study of ancient Indian religious, philosophical, literary and scientific documents.

Xuanzang's travel story, written in the Western Regions of Datang, records 1 10 countries and 28 countries, including the experiences of Xinjiang and Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, orientation, suspension, territory, city, population, customs, historical sites and other countries and regions. "Buddhist literature has been translated into several countries and is famous all over the world.

You choose one to write about the future expansion of OK.