Are the Japanese descendants of Xu Fudong? Has the truth of this puzzle come out?

In the 28th year of Qin Shihuang (2 19 BC), Qin Shihuang made his second tour, and a large group of people sealed the temple in Mount Tai and carved stones, and went to the Bohai Sea. Arriving at the seaside, Qin Shihuang boarded Zhifu Island and enjoyed himself. I saw people in the mountains and rivers between the sea of clouds, which was spectacular, especially fascinated Qin Shihuang.

This scene was originally a mirage, but the alchemist described it as a legendary fairyland on the sea in order to cater to Qin Shihuang's desire for longevity.

Chui fook took the opportunity to write to Qin Shihuang, saying that there are three Fairy Mountain in the sea, Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou, where immortals live and can get immortal medicine. Qin Shihuang was very happy, and then, according to Xu Fu's request, he sent thousands of virgins to the sea with him to get the fairy medicine.

At present, the Xu family of Qi wrote that there are three sacred mountains in the sea, named Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou, where immortals live. Please hurry and beg with boys and girls. So Xu sent thousands of boys and girls to the sea to seek immortality.

He himself lingers here, waiting for Xu's good news. However, only Xu Fu returned empty-handed. Xu Fusheng said that he wanted to see Poseidon, who refused to give the fairy medicine on the grounds that the gift was too thin.

In this regard, Qin Shihuang was convinced that he sent 3,000 boys and girls, craftsmen, technicians and grain seeds to make Xu Fu go to sea again. Qin Shihuang refused to leave, waited for three months, and didn't hear from Xu Fu, only to be disappointed.

In the following years, Qin Shihuang sent Lu Sheng, A Yan and others to the sea for fairy medicine, but found nothing.

In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shihuang (2 10 BC), Qin Shihuang made his fifth patrol and came to Langya again.

It's been nine years since Chuifu went to the sea to find the elixir, and I will always report it later. Immediately send someone to summon Xu Fu, who has been sailing for a long time for many years, for fear of heavy punishment, and tell Qin Shihuang: "Penglai Fairy Mountain does have fairy medicine, and it is often blocked by big dumpling fish when going out to sea, so it can't be reached. Please send an archer with you, and shoot with a crossbow when you see a big fish. "

Qin Shihuang ordered to bring enough fishing gear when entering the sea, and he also prepared a crossbow. When the ship set out from Langya, sailed for dozens of miles, passed Rongcheng Mountain, and then went to Zhifu, it really saw the big dumpling fish, and immediately jumped into the air, and the big dumpling fish died with an arrow and sank to the bottom of the sea. Qin Shihuang thought it would be safe in the future, so he ordered Xu Fu to go to the sea to ask for fairy medicine. This time, Qin Shihuang couldn't wait for Xu's gospel.

The alchemist Xu went to the sea to ask for medicine. It is not allowed how old he is, but he is afraid of being condemned. He mysteriously said: "Penglai medicine is available, but it is often hurt by big sharks, so I can't come." I want to be a good shooter. If you see it, shoot it with a crossbow. "

The first emperor dreamed of fighting Poseidon, like a man. Asked about Zhan Meng, the doctor said, "The water god is invisible, waiting for the big fish and the big dragon. Pray to the shrine for caution today, but this evil god should be removed, and the good god can make it. " Is to let people who enter the sea catch huge fishing gear and wait for big fish to shoot with crossbows. From Langxie North to Rongcheng Mountain, you can see it. When you see a huge fish, you shoot a fish. Then merge with Haixi.

At that time, Qin Shihuang died in a sand dune (now southeast of Shilu, Hebei Province), and Xu Fu "translated the plain to stop Wang Lai" and never came back.

Chui fook can fool Qin Shihuang into being stupefied, except for his boldness, which is related to Qin Shihuang's self-belief that he has surpassed the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and his desire to live forever and enjoy the eternal inheritance.

Chui fook's luck is also good. In the same year of flight, Qin Shihuang died of illness. Otherwise, according to the temper of the first emperor, if there is no news in a few years, people will be sent to Du Dong to arrest him and put him to death.

Xu Fu's deeds were first seen in Records of the First Qin Emperor and Biography of Hengshan Mountain, and were called Xu's in Biography of the First Qin Emperor and Biography of Xu Fu in Hengshan Mountain.

Chui fook took 3000 boys and girls to the east, which is a well-known story. Many people think that Xu Fu later went to Japan, and now Japanese are actually descendants of China people who stayed after crossing to Japan.

Is that really the case?

To understand this, we must first determine whether Chui Fu has been to Japan.

There are many records about Xu Fudong's crossing in Historical Records, including Biography of Hengshan Mountain in Huainan, a conversation between Xu Fu and Poseidon from southeast to Penglai, and Poseidon asking for a virgin as a gift. It is generally believed that this is an excuse made up by Xu Fu for Qin Shihuang, and it is also recorded that Xu Fu once again went out to sea to transport food seeds, and hundreds of workers accompanied him.

After this voyage, Fu Laixu went to the "Guangze Plain" (probably Kyushu Island, Japan). He felt that the local climate was warm, the scenery was beautiful and the people were friendly, so he "stopped the king from coming" and stopped teaching the local people the methods of farming, fishing, whaling and paper pumping, and never came back.

Biography of Hengshan Mountain in Huainan is slightly different from Biography of Qin Shihuang. It is said that Xu Fuyi did not take thousands of boys and girls to the sea at first, but led thousands of boys and girls to the sea when he went to the sea again after years of unsuccessful search for Xianjia. Regarding the three fairy mountains that Xu Fu is going to visit, Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou, Historical Records of the Closed Meridian only says that they are in the Bohai Sea, and the specific location cannot be determined. And where is the plain wide ze, there is no textual research.

According to the records in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The History of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Wu Shu's Sovereignty, History of the Later Han Dynasty and Biography of Dongyi also mentioned Xu Fudong's crossing the river.

It is mentioned in the "Three Kingdoms" that Xu Fu went to Zhangzhou and stayed there. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Xuzhou and Yizhou are located in the southeast of China, not far apart. Some people think that Yizhou is Taiwan Province Province, Yizhou is Japan and Japan is the same place.

According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms and Biography of Japanese in Shu Wei, "should be in the east of Huiji and Dongye", indicating that Japanese people thought that Japan was in the southeast of China at that time. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is also recorded in the same way.

"Six Posts of Yi Chu" records that

In the last week of the Five Dynasties, monk Yi Chu of Kaiyuan Temple in Jeju explicitly mentioned for the first time that Xu Fu finally arrived in Japan (also called Japan). Today, Qin (the Dulaihao family in ancient Japan) is his descendant and still calls himself Qin. He also said that when Xu Fu arrived, he called Mount Fuji Penglai. This is the earliest known China document that clearly points out that the place where Xu Fu stayed was Japanese.

However, there are also views that the records of Yi Chu are probably related to Japanese legends. Because Yi Chu had a monk friend named Hirosuke (master Hongshun, who came to China in 927) during the Japanese emperor's time, Yi Chu had never been to Japan, and the record about Mount Fuji obviously came from his Japanese friend's statement.

Japanese sword song

The Song Dynasty recorded Ouyang Xiu's Song of Japanese Knife clearly pointed out that Xu Fu stayed in Japan, and believed that Xu Fu carried a large number of ancient books when crossing the river, so that the ancient books burned by Qin Shihuang in China could be preserved in Japan. But the truth of this statement is difficult to verify.

Records of "orthodox records"

The earliest record of Xu Fudong's crossing the sea in Japan was Jade Emperor's Orthodoxy written by Kitazawa, Minister of the Southern Dynasties in 1339.

In the 8th century, Japanese classics "Ancient Stories" and "Records of Japan" only mentioned that Qin people migrated to Japan, but there was no record of Xu Fudong crossing the river. Some people think this is because China didn't make it clear that Xu Fudong's destination was Japanese in the 8th century.

The Japanese believe that Xu Fu landed in Shin Miyagi (now Shin Miyagi, Wakayama Prefecture) in Kumano, Jizhou, Japan, and there are also Xu Fu's Tomb and Xufu Shrine in the area. Every year165438+1October 28th is the day of offering sacrifices to Xu Fu. In the legend of Xu Fu in Japan, the Japanese believe that Xu Fu brought boys and girls, skilled workers, grain seeds, farm tools, medicines, production technology and medical skills, which played an important role in Japan's development, so he was honored as "the god of agriculture" and "the god of medicine".

Did Xu Fudong cross to Japan?

The answer is yes.

Xu Fudong's crossing was an unprecedented feat more than 2,000 years ago. However, because Chuifu set sail for the second time and never came back, the voyage was mysterious.

In the 28th year of Qin Shihuang (2 19 BC), the emperor who wanted to be handed down from generation to generation was cruising on the "Southern Evil" sea and "waiting for March". At this time, he received a letter from alchemists such as Xu Fu, a Qi man, saying that there were "three sacred mountains" in the sea, so Qin Shihuang "sent thousands of boys and girls to the sea to seek immortality". Qin Shihuang sent a huge fleet of up to 3000 people to explore the "Three Gods Mountain".

The starting point of Xu Fu's first crossing the sea was the evil spirit at the southern tip of Shandong Peninsula. Langxie was an ancient port at that time. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, navigators in this area sailed from here to the Korean Peninsula, then sailed along the coast of the peninsula and arrived in Jiuzhou, Japan via Tsushima Island.

The port of departure and destination of Xu Fu's second voyage to the Western Ocean is not recorded in detail in the history books, and there are different opinions. Legend has it that people from Xufu Village (Ganyu Village) went to sea from their hometown Ganyu on October 19th of the lunar calendar. Another way of saying it is in Laoshan Mountain, Shandong Province. There is also a saying that Cui Fu's second trip to the sea was the first route, which was also possessed by evil spirits. This is based on the records in Historical Records and Biography of Hengshan Mountain in Huainan.

Because in Historical Records Biography of Hengshan Mountain in Huainan, Xu Fu said that when he set sail for the second time, he lied that the gods demanded "everything" and then "all kinds of things and materials." If this inference, chui fook may still take the old route last time. Not only that, we also know that Xu Fu's second trip to Japan brought many "exotic flowers" in ancient China, such as Chinese characters, Chinese herbal medicines and rice cultivation.

Xu Fudong's crossing the sea in Japan contributed to the birth of a generation of "Yayoi culture". At that time, there was no writing or farming in Japan. Xu Fu brought writing, agriculture and medical technology to Japan. To this end, Xu Fu naturally became a "god of agriculture" and a "god of medicine" in the eyes of the Japanese people. This was gradually discovered and excavated with archaeology and exchanges between the two peoples.

In recent years, the remains of carbonized rice grains have been found in Banfu Archaeological Site in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. According to the determination of carbon fourteen, they belong to the same type as those found in the Jinhai area of Busan, the Korean peninsula. It shows that in the same historical period, the Japanese people started agricultural production, especially rice cultivation. At the same time, Japan also began to use bronze and iron production tools and silk fabrics, and began to have words.

These have nothing to do with the previous Japanese rope culture. Japanese academic and archaeological circles recognize that Yayoi culture originated from the northern coastal culture of China. This is why Japanese characters are similar to China characters.

Japanese scholar Arataro Murakami praised the great significance of the introduction of China rice into Japan. He said: "Rice saved the hungry people in the Japanese archipelago. In any case, rice deserves more thanks than anything else. Unlike livestock and shellfish, rice can be stored for a long time. Soon, this village formed a country. " The introduction of rice ended the fishing and hunting life in Japan and began farming. Then, Japan has always regarded Xu Fufeng as a "god of agriculture" and a "god of medicine".

First, in recent years, according to statistics, there are more than 50 Xu Fu relics in Japan. Huang Zunxian, Counsellor of the Qing Dynasty Embassy in Japan, once wrote, "Men and women avoid Qin for 3,000 yuan, and overseas Penglai is different. The mirror seal has been spread all the way to the temple. If you suspect that there are immortals and poems in the world, mark "The triple weapons handed down from ancient times in Japan: sword, mirror and seal, all made in Qin. "

There is a tomb of Xu Fu in Niigata, Japan, with the words 107 1 on the tombstone. There are many producers and sellers of Xufu Tiantai Lindera, Xufu Sushi and Xufu Liquor in Xiagong. Su Yu Temple displays the saddles and pedals used by Xu Fu. There is also a "Xufu Temple" on Penglai Mountain in the new palace, which is called "Xufu Palace".

Every year, there are "Royal Boat Festival" and "Lantern Festival", both of which are activities to worship Xu Fu. Legend has it that Japan also has a 500-year-old "Xu Fu Festival".

The second is to open the map of Asia. Today's map is not much different from that of two thousand years ago. The difference is that because of the change of dynasties, the ancient and present country names are different. The only countries where Xu Fu goes east are North Korea and Japan, and further east is the endless Pacific Ocean.