Which industries in China have the biggest gap with the world's manufacturing powers?

1, the first imported industrial product was integrated circuit. In 20 16, the import was $227 1 billion, accounting for 19.3% of the total industrial imports.

In 20 16, the sales of Hisilicon, the largest semiconductor company in China, was 30.3 billion yuan, which was 4.39 billion dollars at the exchange rate of 6.9, while the revenue of Intel, the largest semiconductor company in the world, was 54.98 billion dollars, with a difference of 12.5 times.

Of course, Hayes is a pure design company, and there is no factory. It is unfair to compare with the IDM of Intel's design+manufacturing. Then let's compare Hayes and Qualcomm, the world's first pure IC design company, and Qualcomm's revenue of 20 154 billion US dollars is 3.5 1 times that of Hayes.

In fact, HiSilicon's chip design is still based on ARM architecture. China is truly a fully autonomous and controllable chip Loongson, and its sales revenue in 20 15 years is only RMB 1000 billion, which is more than times that of Intel.

In the field of chip manufacturing, the sales of SMIC, the largest manufacturer in China, was $2.9 billion in 20 16, while that of TSMC, the largest manufacturer in the world, was $29.765 billion in 20 16, with a gap of 10 times.

Let's look at the upstream semiconductor production equipment. Semiconductor production equipment is not only used to produce chips for electronic products, but also used in our LED lamps and solar energy industry.

The largest enterprise in the world is American Applied Materials Company, with a revenue of $7.94 billion in 20 14, while the total revenue of 45 research institutes and 48 research institutes of China Electronics Technology Group, a leading enterprise in China, is 809 million RMB, a difference of 63 times (the exchange rate of 20 14 is 6.4). The bad news is that the world market share of semiconductor production equipment in China is only 1%.

The good news is that the main players in the world's semiconductor production equipment are the United States, Japan and the Netherlands. Other countries are scum, and China can be ranked fourth in the world by its efforts.

What can we see?

In chip design, the gap between us and the world's number one is 3.5 times.

When it comes to chip manufacturing, the gap between us and the number one in the world is 10 times.

When it comes to chip production equipment, the gap between us and the world's number one is 63 times.

What does this mean? Only when our downstream domestic demand is stronger can we promote the development of the upstream.

2. The second largest industrial product imported by China is complete automobiles and auto parts. In 20 16, the import was $74610 million, accounting for 6.34% of industrial imports.

Let's check the data of Fortune 500 companies. In 20 16, Fortune Global 500 announced that the revenue of Volkswagen, the car company with the highest revenue in the world, was $236.6 billion, and the second in the world was Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan, with a revenue of $236.59 billion, which was almost the same. However, what is the income of SAIC, the largest automobile company in China? 65.438+00.668 billion dollars. The gap with the number one in the world is 2.22 times.

Let's look at auto parts again. In 20 16, according to Forbes list of global auto parts manufacturers 100, the largest auto parts company in the world was Bosch Group of Germany, with revenue of 44.825 billion US dollars.

There are only two China companies in the top 100 auto parts in the world. One is CITIC Yu Bingxuan, with a revenue of 2.43 billion US dollars, which is 8.45 times lower than the first place.

3. The third largest industrial product we import is instruments and meters, with a total import value of $44.96 billion in 20 16. China, especially in the field of scientific research, relies heavily on importing high-end scientific research equipment from abroad. Although domestic instruments and meters have developed very rapidly in recent years, the overall gap is still very large. For example, the high-end scientific research instruments in the laboratory are basically imported.

In 20 16, the income of China's instrument industry was only 935.54 billion yuan, while the import was more than 300 billion yuan, which was amazing.

4. The fourth largest industrial product we import is primary molding plastics, and the import volume in 2065,438+2006 was 46,5438+320 million US dollars, which may be unexpected by most people. One-step molding plastics include various chemicals starting from poly, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, polycarbonate and so on.

Are there any high-tech products in the primary plastics? Of course, but on the whole, this is a low-end industrial product.

In 20 16, China imported 25.7 million tons of primary plastics, including 9.943 million tons of polyethylene. So from which countries did China import polyethylene products, mainly in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, among which Iran ranked first with 28%, Saudi Arabia ranked second with 26%, UAE ranked third with 18%, followed by Singapore, Thailand and Qatar.

5. The display panel is the fifth largest industrial product imported by China, with the total import amount of 310.85 billion USD in 2065438+2006. As the primary plastics and instruments in front of us belong to a big category, it can be said that the LCD panel is the third largest industrial product imported from China.

In 20 16, the income of BOE, the largest leading enterprise in China, was 68.8 billion RMB.

In 20 16, the display revenue of Samsung, the world's largest display company, was163.2 billion RMB (the exchange rate was 165 won), a difference of 2.37 times.

6. The sixth largest industrial product imported by China is automatic data processing equipment and its parts, with an import volume of US$ 27.83 billion in 20 16.

When we play desktop computers, we think that the host+monitor and TM chassis are made in China, and the CPU, motherboard, hard disk, graphics card, sound card and memory stick are all made in Taiwan Province Province or abroad. Today, this situation has improved, because the sales of personal computers are declining and some components have been localized. For example, the monitor is made in China, and Ziguang and Western Digital also set up a joint venture company. China also has Great Wall Science and Technology Company, for example, the revenue in 2065,438+06 was 696,543,800 million RMB.

In fact, today, most of the production of computer sets and parts is carried out in Chinese mainland, and many of them are factories set up by Taiwan-funded enterprises in the mainland.

7. The seventh largest industrial product imported by China is unwrought copper and copper products, with 20 16 imports of US$ 26.38 billion, but these are mainly resource-based primary industrial products.

8. The eighth largest industrial product imported by China is pharmaceuticals, with an import volume of US$ 22.09 billion in 20 16. In fact, China attaches great importance to the localization of drugs, because it is no trivial matter to protect the health of/kloc-0.4 billion people, but there are still drugs to be imported.

If western medicine raw materials are added, the import value is as high as 29.562 billion US dollars, which can rank sixth.

9. The ninth largest industrial product imported by China is aircraft and aircraft, with an import value of US$ 20.3 billion in 20 16. Why should we independently develop ARJ2 1 and C9 19? Because this is the top ten imported industrial products.

In the field of civil aviation, if we have to compare with Boeing and Airbus, our big plane is zero.

However, on May 5, 20 17, everyone knew what happened, and C9 19 made its first flight.

10, the tenth largest industrial product imported by China is electronic components. In 20 16 years, the import was $200 1 billion. You may have questions about this. Why is the import volume lower than we feel?

The most valuable mobile phones we use are all kinds of integrated circuits (including mobile phone processors, DRAM, flash memory, baseband chips, power amplifiers, digital-to-analog converters, radio frequency devices, etc. ), such as memory chips that make South Korea's Samsung and Hynix's profits soar, which are counted in the import of integrated circuits; Then the display panel is expensive.

Let's compare Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., one of the six largest electronic parts companies in Japan. 2065438+20225 billion yen, about 75.2 billion yuan, the expected income is 26 times.

1 1. The largest industrial product imported by China 1 1 is medical devices, and the import volume in 20 16 was1840.5 billion US dollars.

The 12 largest industrial product imported by China is steel. Yes, as the world's largest steel country, some steel products still need to be imported. 2013150 million USD was imported in 2006, neither more nor less. There are many imports of automobile steel plates, mainly because some foreign-funded automobile enterprises in China also have fixed foreign suppliers.

In addition, there are agricultural machinery. 20/kloc-imported in 0/6 years120.78 million USD.

Basically, China imported a lot of industrial products, mainly this 13 category, and other natural and synthetic rubber amounted to 8.765438 billion US dollars, some of which were high-end products.

What is the current upgrading of these industries?

1, there is no doubt that the country attaches great importance to the highest amount of integrated circuits, accounting for one-fifth of industrial imports. With the rise of downstream electronic brands in China, this industry started to start a prairie fire. Of course, because the base is too low, backwardness will be a long-term phenomenon To be psychologically prepared for a long-term battle, I will write an article to introduce it.

I'm not too worried about the automobile and parts industry. The next decade will be a decade in which China's independent brands will counterattack, and the domestic parts industry will inevitably rise with the rise of independent brands. In the first quarter of this year, the performance of domestic auto parts enterprises all soared.

3. Also driven by domestic electronic brands, the share of domestic panels is soaring, while the import of LCD panels is rapidly declining, reaching a peak of more than 50 billion US dollars in 20 12, and falling to 31800 million US dollars in 20 16, and BOE's net profit is hitting record highs.

As we all know, the plane ARJ2 1 has been commercialized, and C9 19 is also in the test flight and will be commercialized in the next five years. The future is expected, but this industry, like integrated circuits, should be prepared for long-term competition in 10 and 20 years.

5. Electronic component industry. Due to the rise of domestic downstream brands, domestic electronic components have increased at a rate of 20%, doubling in average four years. But this industry also has a low base and takes time. I will take the time to write this.

6. Instruments, as we all know, China's scientific research instruments are highly dependent on imports. In 20 16, the total revenue of instrument and meter companies above designated size in China was only 935.54 billion, while the import reached 45 billion US dollars, exceeding 300 billion RMB. In 20 16, the income of China Instrument Company increased by 9. 1%, and the profit increased by 8.2%, while it was imported.

7. Pharmaceutical industry: In 20 16, the income of domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in China was RMB 2.806 trillion, up by 9.7%, and the profit increased by as much as 13.9%, while the imported pharmaceutical products and raw materials exceeded US$ 29 billion, up by 1.92%. Domestic products are growing faster than imports, and they are also in the trend of increasing import substitution.

In 8.20 16, the market size of medical devices in China was RMB 370 billion, up by 20 1% year-on-year, and 201840 million USD was imported, up by 6.28% year-on-year. The growth rate of imports is lower than that of the domestic market, indicating that import substitution is also under way.

9. Automatic data processing equipment (computers and their parts). From 2065438 to 2006, China's export137.4 billion USD decreased by 9.8%, while its import 1% decreased by 27.38 billion USD. A huge surplus.

10; And steel. In 20 16 years, China's steel output exceeded11000000 tons, while imports only exceeded130000 tons, mainly from Japan and South Korea, and the dependence on imports was only 1%. Many steel products imported from Japan and South Korea are also used in automobile enterprises in China.

1 1: domestic agricultural machinery. In 20 16, the added value of the national agricultural machinery industry increased by 7.7%. In 20 16, the total main business income of agricultural machinery enterprises above designated size was 4.5163.9 billion yuan, up by 5.8% year-on-year. Agricultural machinery enterprises above designated size realized a total profit of 25.524 billion yuan, an increase of 356.5438 billion yuan over the previous year, with an increase of only 65.438+0.39%.

Last year, the agricultural machinery was in recession, which showed that the profit growth was slow, but the income growth was still 5.8%. In contrast, the import of agricultural machinery fell by 7.6% last year, and it is still being replaced by imports.

Of course, there is still a big gap, indicating that high-end products need to be imported.

In addition to these kinds of imported industrial products, China has also imported many primary industrial products, such as pulp imported by US$ 20 12.4 billion, textile yarns and fabrics imported by US$ 20 16.74 billion, mineral fertilizers and chemical fertilizers imported by US$ 20 10 billion. Many of these primary industrial products are produced by primary industrial factories in resource-rich countries, so China's imports are reasonable.

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