Educational Psychology: Three Representations of Bruner's Cognitive Structure —— Teacher Recruitment in Tianjin in 2020

The knowledge here is a common test site in educational psychology, and there are two versions that can be learned at present. Therefore, in the process of preparing for the exam, students need to clearly distinguish the differences between the two versions, and prepare for the exam with single, multiple and judgment questions.

Version 1

Representation or representation system is a set of rules for people to perceive and know the world. Bruner believes that in the process of the growth of human intelligence, there are stages of Theory of Three Represents system.

(A) Action representation (also known as performance representation)

This stage is roughly equivalent to Piaget's sensory movement stage, and children learn to represent things by acting on them. In the future, you can reproduce the past through appropriate action reactions. In the early years of their growth, they have to solve some problems, such as how to climb, walk and play with toys, and generally use their bodies to influence their surroundings. During this period, children learn by doing and watching others do. Tell him how to do it. Only when children can do it and others can do it will help. At this stage, the action will be reproduced from the inside (this is called reproduction).

(2) Image representation (also called portrait representation).

This is equivalent to Piaget's early operation. Children begin to form images or representations to show what is happening in their world. At this time, they can remember what happened in the past and imagine what may happen again according to their own imagination (foresight). These appearances are very similar to photos, and reality is very similar to perceived things. Because photos are closely related to real experiences.

(3) Symbolic representation (also called symbolic representation).

This stage is roughly equivalent to the later stage of Piaget's pre-operation stage, until his later years. At this time, children can reproduce their world through symbols. The most important thing here is language. These symbols are neither direct things nor replicas of the real world, but can be abstract, indirect and arbitrary. Because of these abstract symbols, people can finally make assumptions about people, places, things and possibilities that they have never experienced before.

Version 2

Bruner is taking drugs. Cognitive representation? This concept is used to explain the stages of cognitive development. Cognitive representation refers to the process that children transform perceived external objects (or events) into internal psychological events. Bruner believes that children's cognitive representation develops with age. He divided the development of cognitive representation into three stages, specifically:

(1) Action characterization stage. Children can know and understand the world around them according to their own actions. In other words, knowledge is acquired through action. The main ways of action are grasping, touching, biting and licking. This stage is equivalent to Piaget's sensory motor stage.

(2) Image representation stage. Children know and understand the world around them through the representation formed by the perception of objects. In other words, knowledge is acquired through representation. For example, children can answer by appearances? There are five pencils, one is out, how many are left? This problem does not need to actually start counting. This stage is equivalent to Piaget's pre-operation stage and concrete operation stage.

(3) Symbolic representation stage. Children use symbols and language to know and understand the world around them. In other words, knowledge is acquired through symbols and language. The development of cognition at this stage shows that children's cognition is mature and children can use logical thinking to solve problems. This stage is equivalent to Piaget's formal operation stage.

example

A child climbed onto a stool and fell down. The child remembered this lesson and stayed away from the stool for a while. According to Bruner's cognitive representation theory, this belongs to stage ().

A. Action representation B. Symbol representation

C. Image representation D. Joint representation

Answer C. Analysis: This question is easily mistaken for A, but what we need to be clear is, will the child be in the future? Stay away from the stool for a while? Is it because of the old him? Did you fall on the stool? Our experience is equivalent to an appearance. In their minds, they remember what happened in the past and can imagine what may happen again according to their own imagination (foresight). Therefore, this question chooses C.

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