What positions do architectural design companies have?

Main posts and treatment standards of architectural design enterprises (design institutes)

Architectural design industry is the most concerned industry in the past two years, and its architect is also the most sought-after position in these two years, comparable to dozens of positions such as structural engineer, electromechanical engineer and master plan engineer. Annual salary+aura is the portrayal of the darling of these times who encounter "opportunities". Here is a brief introduction to the job recruitment in the architectural design industry, a talent gathering place.

I. Architects

Architectural design creates beauty, and architectural expression reshapes architectural soul. With the development of the times, the improvement of living standards and the progress of technology, people's requirements for architectural design are getting higher and higher, and the profession of architects is becoming more and more important. So, if you want to join the team of architects, what will you do first? What qualities are needed? What are his job responsibilities?

Job responsibilities:

The architect's work includes several stages: scheme design, preliminary design, construction drawing design and later cooperation. Mainly engaged in building new buildings, repairing and protecting old buildings, planning building layout and surrounding space environment. The architect is responsible for managing the whole process of the construction project from the initial design to the completion of the scheme. They design blueprints according to customers' requirements, and consider many aspects such as cost, safety, social factors, construction and planning management regulations. After the design scheme is approved, the architect will draw more detailed construction drawings for the construction contractor, indicating the exact dimensions and materials used. In addition to keeping close contact with builders, engineers, inspectors, lawyers and planning departments, architects should also regularly visit the site to inspect construction operations and evaluate the progress of the project.

Architects usually work long hours and often need to work overtime. The main place of work is the office, but we also have to visit customers and make field trips. As the current market fluctuates greatly, it may be difficult to find a stable job. Short-term contract employment is becoming more and more common, so the salary is higher, but it lacks long-term and stable job security. The work of contract workers and freelancers is becoming more and more common, and many architects open their own offices after such work for a period of time.

Because architects can provide a wide range of services, they tend to focus on a certain field, such as landscape architecture or planning. Once you start a business as a builder, you must also have the skills of negotiating with customers, managing and leading team communication. Social and environmental factors will affect the work of architects, so a thorough understanding of these factors is also essential. The results of architects' hard work will eventually be presented to the public, but it is impossible to be recognized by everyone, so architects must also be able to withstand pressure and accept criticism.

Entry threshold:

Architects are the symbolic posts of design institutes (firms), most of them are architecture majors, and a few are landscape planning, environmental art and other majors.

Architects have always been a hot job in the construction real estate industry, and the demand for such talents has been very strong, and this demand has also changed in the past two years. On the one hand, the change comes from small and medium-sized real estate enterprises that didn't pay attention to architects before, and now they begin to pay attention to the position of architects. They think it is very necessary to have their own excellent architects, which brings about an overall increase in the demand for architects. On the other hand, the change comes from the improvement of the requirements of large enterprises for architects. It is enough for architects who entered large enterprises a few years ago to have a first-class registered architect qualification. However, on the basis of this necessary condition, strict requirements for academic qualifications, industry experience and foreign language level have been added.

Salary and treatment:

Under normal circumstances, architects are in a leading position in civil design institutes (companies) or affairs, and their salary is also higher among professionals. There are also differences in the income levels of architects with the same level in different regions, different cities and different design institutes (companies) or firms. The following medium-sized design companies in developed cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen are taken as examples to introduce the income standards of architects:

The income level of architects:

The annual salary of an assistant architect is 40,000-80,000 yuan.

The annual salary of architects and chief architects is 80,000 yuan-65,438 yuan+0.5 million yuan.

Annual salary of chief architect and chief architect 150000 -400000 yuan.

The annual salary of chief architect and design director is 400,000-800,000 yuan.

The annual salary of architects is over 800,000.

In addition to cash income, this position also has other generous benefits such as overseas study tours and vehicle subsidies, which makes the profession of architect particularly attractive.

Second, the structural division of labor

Structural engineer is a craftsman who refines structural elements and sketches structural blueprints, and is one of the main professional positions of design institutes (firms) and real estate companies. After the earthquake disaster in Wenchuan, Sichuan this year, the building structure immediately attracted more people's attention. As more and more institutions and units begin to pay attention to building structure, it is followed by timely employment space for structural engineers. The responsibilities of structural engineers are very important, so enterprises also have higher requirements for their job responsibilities.

Job responsibilities:

The responsibility of a structural architect is to design that build structure. Structural design uses structural language to express the purpose that architects and other professional engineers want to achieve. Structural language is a simplified structural element extracted from architectural drawings and other professional drawings, including foundation, vertical components (such as walls, columns and supports), horizontal components (such as beams and slabs), traffic components (such as stairs and elevators) and details. Then these structural elements are used to form the structural system and structural diagram of the building or structure, and the structural diagram is used to guide the structural construction. The goal of structural design is advanced technology, safe and applicable, economical and reasonable, and quality assurance.

Entry threshold:

Structural engineers generally graduated from civil engineering, and some students majored in transportation and civil engineering. Architects grow slower than architects. Under normal circumstances, after graduating from a university to a design institute (firm), you can only engage in simple drawing work. It takes at least two years to complete some design tasks relatively independently, and it takes about 8- 10 years to basically mature.

Salary and treatment:

The salary of structural engineers is also high among professionals. Under normal circumstances, the income level of civil engineering professionals and structural engineers with the same education is higher than that of other positions such as civil engineers.

The following are the average income standards of structural engineers:

The annual salary of an assistant structural engineer is 30,000-50,000 yuan.

The annual salary of structural engineers and competent structural engineers is 50,000-65,438+0.2 million.

Annual salary of structural chief engineer120,000-300,000 yuan.

The annual salary of the chief structural engineer is 300,000-600,000 yuan.

Three, mechanical and electrical engineer

Electromechanical engineer is one of the main professional posts of architectural design institute (firm), which is generally composed of three majors: water supply and drainage, HVAC and electrical. Mainly engaged in water supply and drainage, HVAC, strong and weak electricity design and construction management.

Job responsibilities:

1. Drawing according to relevant design planning and requirements of plumbing and electrical specialty;

2. Calculate the parameters according to the plumbing and electrical equipment required by the building;

3. Complete the design depth according to customer requirements and planning standards. (; )

4. Provide comprehensive solutions to ensure the operation and use of equipment. (; )

5, technical service and technical review, solve the design problems in the construction.

Entry threshold:

Nowadays, mechanical and electrical engineers are generally developed from three majors: water supply and drainage, HVAC and electricity. Therefore, if you want to be a mechanical and electrical engineer, you must graduate from or have a relationship with these three majors. At least 1 year relevant working experience.

Mechanical and electrical engineer treatment:

The treatment space of electromechanical engineers is slightly lower than that of structural engineers, but higher than that of electromechanical professionals with the same qualifications in other industries. The specific criteria are as follows:

The annual salary of an assistant electromechanical engineer is 30,000-40,000 yuan.

The annual salary of mechanical and electrical engineers is 40,000-65,438 yuan+0,000 yuan.

Annual salary of mechanical and electrical chief engineer 100000 yuan -200000 yuan.

The annual salary of the chief electromechanical engineer is 200,000-500,000 yuan.

Fourth, the chief plane engineer

General layout is a kind of specialty of design institute, which generally accounts for a large proportion in industrial design institute and belongs to the pillar specialty; The proportion in civil design institute is very small, belonging to small major or affiliated major. There are also some civil design institutes that set up planning and other majors instead of general layout major.

Job responsibilities:

1, civil site design and drawing;

2. General plan, vertical, road and pipeline design of residential areas and comprehensive buildings;

3. Modify and improve the general plan according to professional conditions.

Entry threshold:

The master planning engineer should be a traffic master planning major and belong to the category of civil engineering. Only Xi University of Architecture and Technology has this major in China, and it is located in the College of Civil Engineering, and the distribution of graduates is in short supply every year.

In the case that professionals can't meet the demand, some professionals such as landscape planning, environmental art, architecture and civil engineering. He has switched to general layout design, and about 50% of general layout engineers come from these related majors. The workload of the master planning engineer is generally small. The job of the project is to draw a master plan, but its responsibility is quite important. In general, it is impossible to undertake design tasks independently without more than 3 years of relevant work experience.

Treatment of general layout engineer:

The master plan engineer is a scarce major. Although the major is similar to civil engineering, the treatment space is slightly higher than that of structural engineers. The specific criteria are as follows:

Assistant chief cartographer's annual salary is 35,000-60,000 yuan.

The annual salary of general layout engineer is 60,000 yuan-65,438 yuan+050,000 yuan.

Annual salary of general layout engineer 150000 yuan -400000 yuan.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) gardener

Landscape architect is a professional designer who uses professional knowledge and skills to engage in landscape planning and design, landscaping planning and construction and outdoor space environment creation.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, China's urban construction and environmental construction are advancing at an unprecedented high speed, and the upsurge of landscape design has appeared all over the country. With the pace of reform and opening up, garden construction has become an important part of urban construction. The demand for landscape designers is increasing. At present, there are tens of thousands of designers engaged in landscape design, mainly distributed in major cities in China, especially Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Chongqing. The work field of landscape designers involves many elements of environmental landscape construction, which requires employees to have good working quality. Its major and core is landscape and landscape architecture planning and design, and its related majors and knowledge include urban planning, ecology, environmental art, architecture, landscape engineering, botany and so on.

Job responsibilities:

(1) landscape planning and design;

(2) Landscape planning and construction;

(3) Creation of outdoor space environment;

(4) Protecting landscape resources.

Entry threshold:

China's urban construction is in the ascendant, and the living standards of the people all over the country have improved. The pursuit of quality of life has greatly promoted the vigorous development of landscape construction, and numerous employment opportunities have provided a good development platform for the landscape design industry. The establishment of the profession of landscape architect, its basic function and goal is to protect and utilize natural and human landscape resources by using professional theoretical knowledge and skills such as urban planning, landscaping and environmental design; Create a beautiful and pleasant living environment; Organize and arrange a good entertainment environment. This is not only of positive practical significance to the healthy development of China's environmental landscape, but also of far-reaching historical significance.

In foreign countries, landscape construction has become an important part of urban public living space, and landscape design has become a part of human settlement environment science. A series of complete professional systems, such as education registration, training, practice and continuing education, have also gathered a broad social foundation and outstanding leading talents, and established social management systems such as trade associations, which have become a powerful pillar of social division of labor.

China has also seen the gap in this respect. Starting from higher education and striving for upgrading and development, the landscape specialty in colleges and universities is getting stronger and stronger. In recent years, landscape graduates are also on the rise. Therefore, in the case of shortage of talents in this major, there are many cases in which talents majoring in planning, environmental art and even architecture switch to landscape designers, forming a relatively chaotic talent market.

Salary and treatment:

The treatment of landscape planners is in the forefront of design institutes (firms), behind architecture majors and in principle ahead of other majors. However, because landscape planners are relatively scarce positions and the number of units is relatively small, the salary is the same as that of architecture majors, even slightly higher than that of architecture majors.

Under normal circumstances, the annual salary of an assistant landscape planner within three years of graduation is 40,000-65,438+10,000 yuan, that of a landscape planner after five years of graduation can reach 65,438+10,000 yuan-1.5 million yuan, and that of a senior landscape planner can reach more than 200,000 yuan, with a maximum of 400,000 yuan.

Six, geotechnical engineer

Geotechnical engineer is a kind of structural engineer, but its specialty is single-minded, requiring a wide range of knowledge, both geological and mechanical; Need to have the necessary theoretical literacy and ability to solve engineering problems; Can survey and design.

The work scope of geotechnical engineers can be divided into two parts: one part is in consulting company, which is the enterprise that geotechnical engineers mainly serve. Survey, test, design, inspection and monitoring are all related to data, demonstration and decision-making, which are knowledge-intensive, and personal knowledge and ability play a decisive role in the effect of the project; The other is in an engineering company, responsible for the implementation of geotechnical engineering.

However, the responsibility system of geotechnical engineering will change greatly in the future, from the current collective responsibility system to the standard responsibility system, and then to the individual responsibility system of registered engineers. Accordingly, geotechnical engineers have great responsibilities. Once an accident happens, they will not only bear legal responsibility and make economic compensation, but also have a great impact on their future practice.

Job responsibilities:

1. Responsible for geological exploration and other related work, including arranging geological exploration points, sorting out and managing geological exploration reports, etc.

2. Put forward a feasible, economical and rapid treatment scheme for adverse geological conditions;

3. Can independently complete deep foundation pit excavation, slope support, retaining wall, etc.

Entry threshold:

Geotechnical engineers are generally geotechnical professionals with a bachelor's degree and have been engaged in survey and design for more than 3 years, and can basically complete survey and design tasks independently. There are also some geotechnical engineers who are not from geotechnical major, but also related to structure, such as civil engineering and construction engineering. These geotechnical engineers with relevant professional backgrounds are slow to enter the industry and have little room for development, but they are also competent for the basic geotechnical engineers.

Salary and treatment:

Geotechnical engineers are tied up with drilling in exploration units, and their activities are constrained by exploration units, but their income is still considerable. Under normal circumstances, the annual income of geotechnical engineers who have graduated for more than 3 years can reach 8-65438+ 10,000 yuan, and the income of geotechnical engineers who have worked for a long time can reach 300,000 yuan.

Seven, business personnel

More than a decade ago, the architectural design market was monopolized, and the design tasks were basically completed by state-owned design institutes, with almost no market competition. With the continuous improvement of marketization and the gradual marketization and standardization of architectural design institutes (firms), the market competition is becoming more and more fierce. In the past, there were fewer and fewer technicians in design institutes serving as operators. In design institutes and design companies, there is a professional position-manager, whose job is to operate and specialize in marketing and sales.

Job responsibilities:

1, design contract negotiation, signing, review and management;

2. Establish customer service system, track design quality and maintain customers;

3. Commercial work in design bidding;

4. Develop customer market and expand business scope;

5. Establishment and implementation of market and customer analysis system. )

Entry threshold:

Generally speaking, the managers of design institutes (firms) are divided into two categories: one is assistant, and the other is supervisor-level manager, who is in a lower position and is responsible for contract negotiation management, customer information management, business report management, internal and external liaison, etc. And the professional requirements are not high, and both management and technical majors can be competent. The other is the manager and director-level operators, with higher positions, who are responsible for negotiating with the owners, promoting the company's design concept, developing and maintaining customer relations and other high-end work. In the current market situation, there are many such high-level personnel with professional background, slightly weak professional ability, but strong communication skills. Architects, structural engineers and electromechanical engineers who are committed to the development of enterprise management in the future may embark on this career development path.

Salary and treatment:

The income of managers, like the classification of personnel, is divided into two types: one is fixed income, which is generally applicable to personnel at the level of business assistant and business supervisor. Their income is basically fixed, and their salary range is determined according to their qualifications and contributions, which is similar to that of equivalent positions in other industries. The average annual income of business assistants is 30,000-40,000, and the annual income of business executives is 40,000-80,000. The other is the income method linked to the performance of the unit, which is suitable for positions such as business manager, business director and business vice president. The amount of income is closely related to the business income of the unit in that year, and the range is also very different. The average annual income is 200,000-500,000, and the high income can reach 6,543.8+0,000.

Therefore, some architects, structural engineers and electromechanical engineers have set their sights on this position and become a development direction for professional and technical personnel.

Eight, draftsman

Draughtsman is the most basic technical post in architectural design enterprises, which is divided into architectural specialty, structural specialty and electromechanical specialty, and undertakes the most basic drawing work of design institutes (companies).

Job responsibilities:

1, drawing CAD plane, elevation, section and node diagram;

2, responsible for the plan, elevation color drawing;

3. Be responsible for drawing the basic 3D computer model;

4, sunshine, stress and other technical calculations.

Entry threshold:

Generally speaking, graduates with college degree or above, majoring in civil engineering, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation or electrical engineering may become draftsmen. Becoming a draftsman is the dream of these graduates, because they don't have to go to the site with difficult conditions to direct construction, and they don't have to deal with workers all day. But painting in an office building with air-conditioning or heating, and have the opportunity to develop into an architect, structuralist or electromechanical engineer.

However, the design institute is strict in the selection of draftsmen. In general, design institutes like to receive draftsmen with certain drawing experience, so as to save training time and energy. If you want to accept graduates, you need to be proficient in CAD, build 3D models with AutoCAD, and have the ability to draw sketches by hand before you can enter the sight of design institutes.

Salary and treatment:

The treatment of draftsmen is mainly related to working years, because the main body is people with technical secondary school and college education, so the income level is not high. Generally speaking, draftsmen are divided into three grades: those who have worked for less than 3 years are junior draftsmen; Those who have worked for 3-8 years are intermediate draftsmen; Those who have worked for more than 8 years are senior draftsmen. The income standards of these three types of draftsmen are as follows:

The annual income of junior draftsmen is 20,000-30,000 yuan.

The annual income of intermediate draftsmen is 30,000-40,000 yuan.

Senior draftsmen earn 40,000-80,000 yuan a year.

A draftsman is a lifelong career. He may not be promoted to designer, but he can be a draftsman all his life. Some experienced draftsmen will become experts and experts in a subgraph.