Ma yun recruits employees

In the past decade, one of the most successful entrepreneurs in China's business circles was Jack Ma. Almost single-handedly changed the format of e-commerce in China. China's current e-commerce models, such as B2B, B2C and C2C, are completely different from those of Japan, the United States, South Korea and Europe, and now the total sales volume of e-commerce in China has surpassed that of the United States. In this sense, the achievement of the founder of Alibaba is very great.

20 14 may be the year of ma yun, and Alibaba will be listed in north America, which is also an important turning point for the establishment of Alibaba 15. Ma Yun has also reached the age of knowing his destiny.

The best business model in the world is the national model. What is a country? In essence, the state protects the rights of all citizens in the violent machine. The main profit of the country depends on taxes first. As long as they are citizens, they have to pay taxes every day. Secondly, it provides many seemingly cheap goods. For example, it connects tap water to your home. If you want to use tap water, you must pay. It also sends electricity to your home; It builds roads and stations on land and ferries by the river. It also provides many public services, such as hospitals and universities. In your daily life, you have to pay taxes first, and then you will consume these public services, from which the country can get great benefits.

Li Beihai, a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, said, "Imitate my customs and imitate my death." . Ma Yun used this sentence to evaluate his success and experience.

To succeed, a person needs to keep a high degree of vigilance against failure and constantly sum up from others' failures.

Over the years, Ma Yun made one of the eight mistakes: moving the capital headquarters.

There are two very strange time points in corporate China. One is 1984. In the 1990s, some enterprises that were very important to China's manufacturing industry, such as Lenovo, Haier, Vanke, Jianlibao, Nande and Kelon, were all born in 1984. Therefore, in the history of enterprises in China, we call 1984 the first year of enterprises in China. The second great moment just happened in the field of Internet, that is, between 1998 and 1999. The three kings in the portal era, namely Netease, Sohu, Sina, which are known as the "third kings", and BAT, which now rules the Internet in China, were born between March 1999 and February/kloc-0.

1999, two main business models in the Internet field: news portal and search. Ma Yun is the only one of these people who does e-commerce. One of Ma Yun's visions for establishing Alibaba is: "Alibaba will become an e-commerce company serving small and medium-sized enterprises in China in the future".

/kloc-started his business in 0/9 years. 10 months, Ma Yun got 25 million yuan in financing. /kloc-at the end of 0/99, Ma Yun set up an international headquarters in the United States and a China headquarters in Shanghai in early 2000. In mid-2000, Ma Yun became the cover figure of Forbes magazine. He was the first entrepreneur in China to appear on the cover of Forbes magazine. Ma Yun is famous for this cover.

This paper analyzes the causes of the "headquarters crisis" from three aspects: weather, geography and people.

Timing: 2000 was an important moment when the global Internet bubble burst. The most important "concentration camp" for global Internet companies is Nasdaq in the United States. Nasdaq stock index was only 500 points in April of 199 1, which is not a particularly important market compared with NYSE. 1999 in July, breaking through 2000 points; By March 9, 2000, it broke through 5000 points. When the stock index broke through 5000 points, all the newspapers in the world were telling one thing-a new century is about to begin, and the Internet is about to rule the world. It was at this point in time that Ma Yun reached $25 million. Almost at the same time, China, the three important news portals in China at that time, was in the portal era-Sina 13 went public in April, Netease went public on July 5 of the same year, and a week later, Sohu went public in July of 12. A portal website, listed on Nasdaq in one quarter. This is a seemingly turbulent time point.

But at the same time, another thing happened at this point in time. From the second week of April, 2000, the Nasdaq index began to fall from 5000 points, and fell by 40% in half a year. This is a major stock market crash in the Internet field. 40% means that in the North American capital market, the market value of the entire Internet company has evaporated by 8.5 trillion US dollars. 85,000 US dollars-when it was reduced to the United States, no country's GDP exceeded this figure, and now China's GDP is just this figure-all evaporated in half a year. This point in time is a great moment for the global Internet. These companies in China survived, including Alibaba and Tencent, because they all got financing before the second quarter of 2000; The three major portals raised funds through listing, Tencent sold its equity to MIH, and Alibaba also raised $25 million.

Alibaba wants to move its international headquarters to the United States and its China headquarters to Shanghai when the stock market crashes and heavy snow falls, which is against the general trend. Operating costs are getting higher and higher, and the whole industry is in an avalanche crisis-that's why Ma Yun found himself making a major mistake after moving his headquarters for one year.

Geographical location: Shanghai is a city where two kinds of capital are very concentrated: one is state-owned capital. Up to now, Shanghai's state-owned enterprises are very strong, and private enterprises are basically in a state of large-scale oppression; Secondly, foreign investment, Shanghai is the window of China's opening to the outside world, welcoming some capitals such as investment banks or banks in the world's top 500. In 20 13, Lujiazui has a very proud data: there are 27 buildings in Lujiazui, and the annual tax paid by each building is 10 billion RMB, which is equivalent to the annual tax of many prefecture-level cities in Central China.

There is a natural conflict between a city that likes big capital and an internet company that must focus on destruction and innovation. So in this sense, Shanghai is a city without internet. There used to be an Internet company Shanda Games in Shanghai, which introduced a game product Legend from South Korea and became the largest online game company in China. But then, all of Shanda's innovations in Shanghai met with all kinds of resistance. By 20 14, Shanda has ranked fourth and fifth among online game companies in China.

Human harmony: Since 1998, the central government has allowed private enterprises to conduct free foreign trade. There is a term "Made in China" which appears in 1999. When millions of private enterprises like China started to do foreign trade, a problem appeared: 99% of these bosses didn't know English, while most foreign companies who came to China to purchase goods didn't know Chinese. At this time, a trading platform is needed. Therefore, the emergence of 1999 Alibaba actually conforms to the general trend of "Made in China". Under this general trend, these millions of private manufacturing and foreign trade enterprises mainly appear in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guangdong. China's entire "Made in China" is based in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong, so Ma Yun 1999 founded Alibaba in Hangzhou, which is still relatively grounded.

The biggest advantage of grassroots entrepreneurship is to "stick to the grassroots" and pursue "being tall", which is one of the most common mistakes made by entrepreneurs.

Over the years, Ma Yun made the second of eight mistakes: buying Yahoo!

In August, 2005, there was a very explosive news in China Internet community: Yahoo announced that it would buy 35% shares of Alibaba for $654.38 billion, and at the same time, it would give Yahoo China to Ma Yun as a dowry. This was the largest Internet investment in China at that time, and this record has been maintained for a long time. Until 20 1 1, JD. The financing of COM reached1500 million dollars, and this record was broken.

In 2000, after the Internet bubble burst, the growth of the whole Internet in China took a completely different path from that in the United States. China's news portal began to transform, and China enterprises defeated foreign competitors in almost every field. For example, Sina defeated Yahoo in the portal field, Netease defeated Yahoo and Google in the mailbox field, and Baidu defeated Google in the search field. In 2003, Alibaba launched a domestic C2C platform named "Taobao", which defeated eBAY in a year and a half.

Therefore, 2005 was a crucial period for an Internet company in China to beat the global Internet companies, and it was at this time that the biggest investment in China took place. Yahoo bought a 35% stake in Alibaba for $654.38+billion, which means that in August 2005, Ali's valuation has reached $2.8 billion, which means that at this point in time, Ali has actually become the most valued enterprise in the Internet field in China at that time. Tencent went public in April 2004, when it raised a total of HK$ 65.438+HK$ 43.8 million, with a total market value of HK$ 5.2 billion, which was also the market value of Tencent at that time. What is the market value of Sina, the largest news portal in China? From June, 5438 to June, 2006 10, the market value of Sina was $65,438 +0.27 billion. That is to say, in the first quarter of 2006, its market value was only about half that of Alibaba.

At the end of 2005, Ma Yun persuaded Yang Zhiyuan to come to China as soon as possible: "Because China is the most populous country in the world and e-commerce is very weak, you can put a lot of Yahoo's experience in China." So Yahoo entered China on May, 1998, and opened the Chinese "Yahoo" website, which is the first news portal in China. At that time, Yahoo put forward the concept of "finding anything, you can communicate with everyone". "Find anything" is a search concept and "communicate with everyone" is a portal concept, which clearly points out what Yahoo will do in China. At that time, Yahoo quickly became the number one portal in China.

Later, China people began to imitate it, imitating Yahoo to do the Internet in China. For example, Zhang Chaoyang did Sohu. The first local news portal in China imitated Yahoo very strongly. However, after 1999, with the rise of China local news portals such as Sina, Netease and Sohu, Yahoo was quickly squeezed out of the first camp. First, the cost of foreign enterprises is very high. Second, be the news portal of China-news is a regulated industry in China, and there are many license issues and many topics that cannot be solved. So Yahoo quickly declined and moved out slowly.

In 2003, Yahoo bought "372 1" of search engine week in China at that time for $65,438+200 million.

What is the reason why Ma Yun failed to integrate Yahoo China? There are probably three reasons:

First of all, business integration is not centralized. Yahoo has portal, email, search and IM, and these businesses of Yahoo China need to be integrated with Alibaba. But in 2005, Alibaba had its own e-mail products, strategic search products and its own IM system, all of which were available. Therefore, how to integrate these "biological sons" of Alibaba with the business from Yahoo China has become a very difficult problem. For a long time, the business integration between Yahoo team and Alibaba team has not been completed, and even a gathering place has not been found.

Second, it is difficult to integrate Yahoo China's business with Alibaba's business. Yahoo China has tried many times to develop and transform independently, first positioning itself as a news portal, and then focusing on search. When the community consumer industry rose, someone inside Ali went out to start a business and made a word-of-mouth network. Ma Yun also bought the word-of-mouth network and bundled it with Yahoo, hoping to form a business module, but it didn't succeed later.

Third, the team runs in.

This seemingly glamorous merger finally produced a big bitter fruit:

First: since then, Ma Yun has lost the control of Alibaba in the sense of equity, and 70% of the shares have been given to Sun Zhengyi and Yahoo;

Second: Yahoo China, the dowry of that year, finally became the big chicken rib of Alibaba Group.

In business, free lunch is often the most expensive!

In these years, the third of the eight major mistakes made by Ma Yun: the airborne troops were collectively killed.

Around 2006, Ma Yun introduced a number of international talents from outside, including Wei Zhe (CEO of B&Q China), Wu Weilun (CFO of PepsiCo China), Ceng Ming (Professor cheung kong graduate school of business), Xie Wen (CEO of Hexun.com), Cui Renfu (Senior Vice President of Wal-Mart Department Store Group), Huang Ruo (CEO of Lotus in Yichu) and Wei Wu (partner of KPMG Huazhen). This is a group of outstanding young talents, who have two characteristics: first, most of them come from the world's top 500, and second, they don't come from Internet companies.

These two points show that one of Ma Yun's major demands in recruiting these talents is that, first, he needs senior international talents from the world's top 500 to help him. Second, he believes that there are no international talents in the Internet field in both the United States and Japan, so the talents of other mature international companies in the world's top 500 should be used to transform Internet companies and Alibaba.

Why are these international talents "collectively killed" in Alibaba?

The first reason: cultural exclusion. Alibaba has two very important cultures. The first one is called martial arts culture. Tencent, another internet company in China, also has its own unique culture, that is, taking English names. Martial arts culture itself is bloody and playful. This chivalrous culture, which flouts all rules, is heresy for executives from the world's top 500 companies, so it is difficult for these people to accept it from the cultural level. Alibaba's second culture is inverted culture. Ma Yun said that the world is in everyone's eyes, and we want to subvert the world. How can you subvert the world? The first method is to stand upside down first, because after standing upside down, the world in our eyes will become different. Standing upside down means looking at the world upside down.

The second reason: the utilitarianism of performance. The evaluation of the values of the world's top 500 enterprises is a balanced evaluation, and its requirement is to advance at a constant speed and overcome all difficulties to reach that destination. But for a company like Alibaba, performance appraisal is geometrically nonlinear. This kind of performance appraisal is very suitable for those entrepreneurs. In a company like Alibaba, there is a unique martial arts culture, full of the atmosphere of "killing ghosts when encountering Buddha". Its rules of the game are that if you can pass the customs, you are a hero; if you can't pass the customs, you are a bear. No matter where you come from, you must leave if you can't. Therefore, it is very demanding performance-oriented and extremely utilitarian, and it is difficult to adapt to these executives who are more suitable for growing big companies.

The third reason is the cruelty of corporate politics. As long as there are people, there is politics. In China, one person is fine, two people can be brothers, three people can be gangs, and five people can be two teams. So there is a popular saying that a China person is a dragon and a group of China people become worms.

Huang Ruo, the former vice president of Taobao, is an "airborne soldier". She once said a word to Ma Yun: "You are now the parent company of Alibaba. You face two kinds of people. One is your daughter. You are comfortable watching her grow up, even if she has acne on her face; We married your daughter-in-law, trembling and trying to please our parents, but parents always look at their daughters and daughters-in-law in two ways. Therefore, if you parents can't solve this problem well, it will make the life of these daughters-in-law very difficult. "

China company these bosses and entrepreneurs, their first principle of employing people is loyalty. However, in western countries, in many large international companies in Europe and America, the first principle of employing people is to make good use of talents. Why is there such a difference?

First, although the reform and opening up has been more than 30 years, up to now, the professional managers in China are still immature, and we have no way to systematically solve the possibility of these talented people making mistakes. What if there is no way to control talents? We can only be loyal to people.

Second, the stage and system differences of citizen development. China's companies are still in the high-speed growth stage, so the risk extension is very strong, and it is easy to go wrong. In this case, the element of "loyalty" will be greater than the element of "ability". China is currently in a period of rapid development, and companies in China will have rapid growth as long as they conform to this general trend. Western developed countries are different. First of all, the economies of western countries have been in a stable period, and the annual GDP growth of the United States is 1.5% to 2%. In this case, the growth becomes even and low, and it takes talents to avoid risks.

Third, the cultural differences between East and West. Orientals and westerners have different definitions of whether a person can work or not and whether he is an excellent talent. China has long been influenced by Confucian culture, while China has a culture of loyalty and filial piety. In western culture, both Greece and Rome advocate capable people, emphasize the economy of capable people, and advocate giving full play to individual initiative and enthusiasm.

Therefore, the maturity of professional managers, the development stage of enterprises and countries, and the cultural differences between the East and the West have caused such differences.

In recent years, Ma Yun has made the fourth of eight mistakes: the legal deficiency highlighted behind Taobao's fake sales.

Alibaba founded by Ma Yun is a trading platform, namely B2B, where China companies and foreign companies conduct transactions. Later, Taobao was a transaction between consumers, and Tmall was a transaction between enterprises and consumers.

In April of 20001year, Alibaba faced a very serious credit crisis. In fact, online shopping has only developed in the world in recent ten years. China and the United States are both leading regions in global e-commerce. With the development of online commerce, a series of legal and moral problems have emerged. There is a very serious problem behind the fake goods on Taobao and the fraud in B2B market, and the third problem has not been solved until today.

The first question is: Is the platform responsible for the merchants selling fake goods? This is a very serious problem, but this problem does not exist in the offline commodity world. For example, a consumer bought a gold necklace in a shop in Wangfujing, and found that the necklace was fake. What should I do in this case? He can complain directly to Wangfujing Store. So, does Wangfujing Store need to take responsibility? According to China's current Consumer Protection Law, Wangfujing Store should bear the first responsibility. Therefore, in the offline world, whether it is a shopping mall or a market, if consumers buy fakes, then the platform must bear the relevant responsibilities. But this is actually a question mark in the Internet world. In China, so far, there is no legal trial case, and the platform needs to bear the main responsibility in the process of selling fakes. It can be said that this is an empty short board of China law in this respect.

The second question is: does the platform have the ability to curb the sale of fakes by merchants?

Taobao can take at least five measures to curb the popularity of counterfeit goods:

First, big data. Anti-counterfeiting through big data can provide an important technical support for Taobao to combat fraud and counterfeit goods, which is also the technical advantage of Internet companies.

Second, real-name authentication. These fake sellers can be caught through real-name authentication.

Third, implement the blacklist system. If someone sells fakes on Taobao and is found through big data and real-name authentication, they will be blacklisted by Alibaba, their identity will be announced and exposed, and they will not be allowed to open stores on Taobao for a lifetime. Such a blacklist system has a very strong deterrent ability.

Fourth, set up a lawyer's aid fund to go to court. Can Alibaba set up a lawyer's aid fund, for example, if a consumer spends 10,000 yuan on a fake lawsuit, then Alibaba will also take out 10,000 yuan to help him and use this 20,000 yuan to go to court together. Another advantage of this is that it can support a large number of conscientious lawyers in China. When there are many lawsuits, the cost of counterfeiting will greatly increase for counterfeiters.

Fifth, promote the legalization of online shopping. When the e-commerce platform gradually becomes the most important consumption platform in the whole society, it needs to lose the legalization construction at the legal level.

Over the years, Ma Yun has made five of the eight mistakes: the most successful business model in fifteen years.

Taobao model is the greatest business model created by China Company in the past fifteen years. Its innovation is embodied in four aspects:

First, it changed the business model of eBAY in the United States. Taobao's whole charging model and customer service model are completely different from ebay's, and it is a very suitable e-commerce model for China.

Second, it invented a third-party payment system called Alipay. In the American e-commerce system, a personal commercial credit system based entirely on credit cards has been established as a payment system for transactions. Alipay, invented by Ma Yun, solved the credit relationship problem of "delivery first or payment first" between consumers and merchants. Alipay is a very innovative third-party payment system all over the world.

Third, Taobao has become the most important paradise for entrepreneurs in China. Up to now, the total number of sellers on Taobao has reached 8 million. By the end of 20 13, there were about 36 million individual industrial and commercial households in China. In other words, about 20% of individual industrial and commercial households in China set up shop on Taobao.

Fourthly, the Taobao model had a revolutionary impact on the traditional manufacturing and service industries in China in the past 10 years. Almost all fast-selling and durable consumer goods sell well in China market, which is influenced by Taobao mode. Taobao model has played a great role in the progress of China's commerce.

A big conflict between Alibaba and Taobao sellers

Conflict 1: In May 2006, Alibaba launched "lucky money". The content of the scheme is that if a person who opens a shop on Taobao can pay part of the cost, his shop can be recommended to some conspicuous web pages. This model is very similar to the bidding ranking implemented by Baidu. After the plan was launched, it was opposed by Taobao sellers. Their reason is: At the end of 2002, when Ma Yun launched Taobao, he said that there would be no charge for five years. Now it is only three years, and it has started to charge in disguise. In the end, the plan was rejected by a referendum.

Conflict 2: 201110 June10. On this day, Taobao issued the "Announcement on Renewing Merchants' Business Invitation and Adjusting Rules of 20 12 Taobao Mall", which involved two issues of fee adjustment. The first is the adjustment of technical service fee, which is increased by 6000 yuan from the original fee standard. The second is the adjustment of the amount of default deposit for shops. The default bond was increased from 6,543.8+0,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan, 6,543.8+0,000 yuan and 6,543.8+0.5 million yuan. After the announcement, there was a "bodyguard and assassin" incident. 10 for a whole month, 50,000 Taobao sellers opposed the announcement made by Taobao through the "revolutionary" way of "fighting violence with violence". For example, Taobao sellers rushed directly to Hangzhou Taobao headquarters and sat in front of Taobao headquarters to pull banners. One of the attacks was aimed at Alipay. Taobao users directly withdraw the balance of Alipay and transfer it to the bank card. It's a bit like a bank run. The occurrence of these two attacks has disrupted the whole e-commerce market in China and caused a huge credit crisis to the third-party payment system. In the end, the Ministry of Commerce adjusted the charging standard and calmed down the incident.

Mode reflection: how to break the big platform in the future?

When Taobao users reach a certain scale-8 million Taobao users, equivalent to the total population of Switzerland. Taobao has been in 20 1 1 and 20 12, which is already very much like a "country"-the relationship between Alibaba Group and these merchants who have settled in Taobao is actually a community of interests, but there is also a relationship between rulers and ruled. It can be said that the national model is very similar. In such a quasi-national business model composed of 8 million sellers and hundreds of millions of buyers, how to communicate with these sellers and buyers when proposing a new system is actually a very important proposition for rulers and managers.

First, when a system was introduced, was there a mechanism for democratic consultation? Specifically, when Taobao put forward the "lucky money treasure" project and the new rules of 20 1 1 in 2006, did it release information in advance and establish a consultation mechanism with users? If not, then the sudden release of the system will inevitably lead to riots.

Second, how to conduct democratic consultations. In western developed countries, there is a system called representative system, and the people's congress system and political consultation system in China are also representative systems. When there is no way to negotiate with these 8 million Taobao merchants at the same time, then some Taobao merchants can be selected as representatives from these 8 million merchants. These Taobao representatives need to form an independent organization, which can be called Taobao Merchants Association according to western political terminology. This Taobao merchants association represents 8 million Taobao merchants, and they will negotiate with the manager Alibaba.

The construction of any commercial civilization is, in the final analysis, the construction of democratic system.

Please adopt

If you agree with my answer, please adopt it in time.

~ If you agree with my answer, please click the button "Adopt as Satisfied Answer" in time.

~ ~ friends who ask questions on mobile phones can only be satisfied with the evaluation points in the upper right corner of the client.

~ Your adoption is my motivation.

~~O(∩_∩)O, remember to praise the adoption and help each other.