In the past two years, 27 enterprises have been deeply bankrupt and reorganized, and the market differentiation of new energy vehicles has become increasingly serious.

The shift from policy-driven to market-driven sustained growth has further intensified the differentiation of the new energy automobile industry.

According to the preliminary statistics of the bankruptcy and reorganization cases of the new energy automobile industry in the past two years, Cailian reporter found that as of June 5438+ 10 this year, there were 27 domestic new energy automobile industry chain companies that went bankrupt or reorganized. Among them, there are 17 enterprises whose business scope involves vehicle manufacturing, and many "network celebrities" such as Bojun, Land Ark and Zhi Dou are supported by the local government, as well as Yujie and other enterprises that have transformed from low-speed electric vehicles to new energy passenger cars, and even more, there are start-up brands that manufacture low-speed electric vehicles like Micron New Energy.

"The market economy will inevitably be divided. As a result of differentiation, some good independent brands will continue to rise, and some poor ones may face elimination." Xu Haidong, deputy chief engineer of China Automobile Association, said.

The fall of the land ark

202 1 Just after the New Year, the Land Ark, which obtained the 14th new energy passenger car production qualification, received the civil ruling of (2020) Su 0682 Po Shen No.30 made by Rugao People's Court of Jiangsu Province. Therefore, Land Ark became the first new energy vehicle enterprise to enter bankruptcy reorganization procedure in that year.

According to the third-party financial exhaustion report cited in the ruling, the total assets of the land in the ark period are about 2.442 billion yuan and the total liabilities are about 3.3 billion yuan. The asset-liability ratio as high as 135% made the land ark finally bankrupt and reorganized. Prior to this, this "network celebrity" company with dual bases in Foshan, Guangdong and Rugao, Jiangsu, and holding the qualification of new energy production was once considered as a local star enterprise.

2065438+May 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the construction project of pure electric passenger car in Foshan Base of Land Ark, and agreed to build the first phase of the project. The reply shows that the total investment of the project is 654.38+0.78 billion yuan, including 550 million yuan raised by enterprises and 654.38+0.23 billion yuan from bank loans. The project is expected to produce 50,000 pure electric passenger cars annually. One year later, in June, Land Ark released its first pure electric SUV SanNike at the Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Auto Show. However, the ultimate fate of this new car only stays here.

Another vehicle production base of Land Ark is located in Rugao City, Jiangsu Province, with the production qualification of fuel and new energy buses and special vehicles. The land ark official once said that since 20 16, the cumulative number of land ark logistics vehicles in Shenzhen alone has exceeded 5,000, and the cumulative number of land ark logistics vehicles in China has exceeded 10000. However, according to the production data of the certificate issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 557 land ark new energy logistics vehicles were sold in 20 17.

The weak product and financial strength, coupled with the sharp drop in subsidies for 20 18 new energy vehicles, led to the increasingly tight capital chain, and the land ark was gradually returned to its original shape. From June 5438 to October 2020 10, the land ark was filed for bankruptcy and reorganization by a third party; More than two months later, Rugao court made an acceptance ruling. However, the land ark, which holds the production qualification, did not collect suitable intended investors during the bankruptcy reorganization, but went bankrupt.

In May 2022, three affiliated companies of Jiangsu Land Ark were terminated by the court and declared bankrupt. Alibaba's auction platform shows that on July 15, the industrial properties, inventory, vehicles, equipment and other assets of three affiliated companies of Jiangsu Land Ark were auctioned at a starting price of 5 1 10,000 yuan. Half a month later, on August 5, the People's Court of Gaoming District of Foshan issued an announcement, and Guangzhou Land Ark also entered the bankruptcy liquidation procedure.

From officially obtaining the production qualification of new energy passenger cars, to entering bankruptcy reorganization procedures, and finally declaring bankruptcy, the Land Ark has only experienced five years.

The transformation of low-speed electric vehicles failed.

Hebei Yujie, which also has the production qualification of new energy passenger cars, also "re-carved" the road of the land ark, but the difference is that the former was transformed from low-speed electric vehicles and became a typical case of the failure of the transformation of low-speed electric vehicle enterprises.

Starting with old scooters and low-speed electric vehicles, Hebei Yujie pure electric vehicles entered the 298th batch of product announcements of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on July 201July, marking Yujie's qualification for new energy passenger vehicles, and the products can be put on the market for sale. Prior to this, Hebei Yujie Automobile has achieved the first sales volume in the field of low-speed electric vehicles for four consecutive years, with a cumulative sales volume of more than 300,000 vehicles.

At that time, at the beginning of the introduction of the "double points" policy, Great Wall Motor, which was eager for new energy points, acquired a 25% stake in Hebei Yujie by increasing capital and shares. However, Hebei Yujie, which transformed passenger cars into Turing cars on 20 18, has never been completely transformed. The data shows that from 20 15 to June 2020, the cumulative sales volume of Turing new energy vehicles was only 16285. By 2065438+June 2009, Turing stopped production completely.

In May 2020, Turing Automobile embarked on the road of bankruptcy and reorganization. The reporters of Cailian News reported the bankruptcy reorganization case of Turing Automobile continuously, but up to now, its final trend is still unclear.

"Because the company originally made low-speed electric vehicle products, the starting point was low, and the skill level of employees, quality management system and R&D system were excellent. The automobile market is a fully competitive market. Enterprises upgraded from low-speed electric vehicles are not recognized by the market because of their weak product strength and brand strength. " According to Professor Tsinghua University and Chen Quanshi, deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy Conservation, the market performance of these enterprises is not optimistic at present, and even difficult.

The little-known Micron New Energy is another newly fallen low-speed electric vehicle manufacturer. 1June 19 announcement shows that the People's Court of Cixi City, Zhejiang Province ruled on August 26 this year to accept the bankruptcy liquidation case of Micron New Energy. According to public reports, Micron New Energy had planned to invest a total of 654.38 billion yuan to build a new factory with an annual production capacity of 50,000 vehicles, but now, with the company entering bankruptcy liquidation procedures, this plan has vanished.

Low-speed electric vehicles, once all the rage, have also attracted the attention of many star companies on the power battery track. 2065438+In June 2007, it was announced that a joint venture was established with Jiaozuo Long Rui and others to engage in the OEM of high-speed vehicles and the production of low-speed electric vehicles. However, Jiaozuo Long Rui went bankrupt on 20 19, and its affiliated company, Henan Long Rui New Energy, was also declared bankrupt by the People's Court of xinzheng city, Henan Province on September 23 this year.

As for Red Star Automobile, another new energy automobile manufacturer, which withdrew after the multi-fluorine participation, although it has not yet entered the bankruptcy reorganization procedure, Red Star Automobile, which has been discontinued for many years, is only one step away from bankruptcy.

The increase of concentration leads to serious market differentiation.

Whether it is the land ark of traditional car companies, or the low-speed electric vehicle that represents the transformation of Hebei Yujie, or the newly-established Micron New Energy, its bankruptcy road is the epitome of the new energy track chess to the middle game.

Since 20 15, multi-party capital has poured into the car-making industry, and new car-making forces have sprung up. Among the 27 car companies that went bankrupt in the past two years, the registration time is generally around 20 15, among which Yangzhou women have only four years from establishment to bankruptcy.

According to the data of China Automobile Association, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China was 507,000 in 2065,438+06, and the penetration rate was only 65,438+0.8%, reaching 777,000 and 2.7% in 2065,438+07 respectively. That is, since 20 16, 18 enterprises have obtained the production qualification of pure electric vehicles, including Land Ark and Zhi Dou Automobile, and these two enterprises have also been declared bankrupt and reorganized.

At that time, local governments became an important promoter for these enterprises to enter the new energy track. According to local media reports, the "Land Ark" project is the result of the initiative of Gaoming District. In order to strive for this brilliant project, Gaoming District had previously sent a working group to Shenzhen to be responsible for the first-line docking.

Not only the floor cabinets and beans with production qualifications, but also the "layman" at the beginning of the new energy boom, with the enthusiasm of local governments to develop new energy vehicles, they have successively obtained the qualification to build cars. In June this year, 65438+1October 3 1 Bojun Automobile, which was ruled by the Pukou District People's Court in Nanjing, was an example. 20 16 Bojun Automobile was funded by government financing platforms such as Nanjing Pukou and Huai 'an at the beginning of its establishment. Subsequently, Bojun went north to Tianjin and obtained the production qualification through cooperation with FAW Li Xia in 2065438+09165438+10. Today, Bojun Automobile, which is in the stage of bankruptcy and reorganization to recruit investors, is still neglected.

"Local governments are eager to invest before they lack an objective analysis of the incentive policies for new energy vehicles, which magnifies the investment risks to some extent." Some industry analysts said, "The fundamental reason for the failure of enterprises is that they don't know enough about the new energy automobile industry and blindly cut into the new energy automobile track."

On September 15, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Xin once again stressed that new energy vehicles have become a tuyere industry, attracting a lot of technology and capital to this industry, and some local governments also have the desire to transform and upgrade. Under the comprehensive effect of various factors, some provinces, cities and places do have blind investment and repeated construction.

According to the data of China Automobile Association, during the period of 1- 10 this year, the top ten enterprise groups sold a total of 4.34 million vehicles, accounting for 82.2% of the total sales of new energy vehicles, an increase of 5.4 percentage points over the same period last year.

Under the influence of multiple factors, such as the squeezing effect brought by the increase of concentration and the change of market environment, it will become more and more difficult for some new energy vehicle practitioners to operate.