What's the population of Kaifeng?

First, the local population of Kaifeng

Mainly from the traditional Han nationality in the Central Plains, the population of Kaifeng in the same period was the most brilliant in the Northern Song Dynasty. As the capital of the Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the largest city in the world at that time with a population of over10.5 million. In modern times, the population of Kaifeng in 1950s was about 360,000, while that of Luoyang and Zhengzhou in the same period was only 70,000 and 30,000 respectively. From 65438 to 0954, after the residence of Henan provincial capital moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou, nearly 70,000 Kaifeng people moved to Zhengzhou.

At the end of 20 18, the total population of Kaifeng was 5,256,400, an increase of 26,000 over the end of last year. The resident population was 4,564,900, an increase of 1.56 million over the end of last year, including 2.23 million urban residents; The urbanization rate of permanent residents was 48.9%, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the end of last year. The annual birth rate is 1 1.23‰, the mortality rate is 6.28‰ and the natural growth rate is 4.95‰.

II. Introduction of Kaifeng City

Kaifeng is a cultural city with a long history. Kaifeng, as the "ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties", has a history of more than 465,438+000 years, with Wei in the Xia and Warring States, Wei in the Five Dynasties, Jin, Han, Zhou, Northern Song and Jin successively. Especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the largest city in the world at that time, from which the far-reaching "Song Wenhua" was born. Since the Song Dynasty, Kaifeng has been regarded as the regional economic and cultural center in northern China. In the long history of thousands of years, the industrious and intelligent people of Kaifeng have created splendid palace culture, official culture, loyalty culture, religious culture, folk culture, garden culture, food culture, chrysanthemum culture, opera culture and calligraphy culture, which are all cultural representatives of Kaifeng. Many celebrities have emerged in Kaifeng history, such as Jiao, secretary of the county party committee, Yue Fei, a selfless national hero, Wang Anshi, a reformer, Zhang Zeduan and Cai Yong, a poet Ruan Ji, an educator Lin, a historian, a philosopher Feng Youlan and an advanced model Wang.

Kaifeng is an ecologically livable and charming city. The human landscape and natural scenery complement each other, with 10 national 5A and 4A tourist attractions and 19 national key cultural relics protection units; The five lakes and four rivers in the city are distributed in the old city, and the West Lake and the Italian Lake in Kaifeng are embedded in the new district, which is known as the "Northern Water City". The Qingming Culture Festival in Kaifeng, China and the Chrysanthemum Culture Festival in Kaifeng, China, which are held in spring and autumn every year, attract many domestic and foreign tourists. "Qingming in April" and "Chrysanthemum Fragrance in October" have become national famous holiday brands. With the deepening of the construction of the national cultural industry demonstration park in Juniper Ancient City, the national tourism standardization demonstration city has been successfully established, and the hardware foundation, material image and functional connotation of Kaifeng tourism internationalization are becoming more and more perfect. An international cultural tourism city with classic appearance, fashionable interior, outstanding rhyme and exquisite beauty is taking shape.

Kaifeng is a soaring city of hope. Kaifeng, as the old capital city of Henan Province, was always in the forefront of the province in terms of economic aggregate before 1980s, and was a key investment city during the "First Five-Year Plan" and "Second Five-Year Plan" periods. It once produced the first TV set, the first refrigerator, the first sewing machine and the first bicycle in Henan Province. At present, Kaifeng has a complete industrial base, and industrial clusters such as automobiles and parts, equipment, chemicals, new materials, food, textiles and clothing, photovoltaics, wood industry, biomedicine and electronic information have begun to take shape. Kaifeng is rich in agricultural products resources, which is an important producing area of wheat, peanuts and cotton in China. The output of watermelon and peanut ranks first in Henan, and the output of garlic ranks second in China. Kaifeng has convenient transportation. Longhai Railway and Zhengzhou-Xuzhou high-speed passenger dedicated line run through the whole territory, and Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Kowloon railways are neighbors. Even Huo, Rinan, Daguang and Zheng Min are intertwined in expressway. Ryan Avenue, Ryan Logistics Channel and Zhengbian Road go directly to the provincial capital, and it takes only 30 minutes to open Port Avenue to Xinzheng International Airport. Ryan Intercity Railway takes 28 minutes to reach Zhengzhou High-speed Railway East Station and connect with Zhengzhou Metro. After the operation of Zhengzhou Rail Car, Kaifeng officially entered the second phase of Jixi Expressway in the "high-speed rail era" and Shangdeng Expressway was completed and opened to traffic, and Kaifeng's location advantage became more prominent.

Kaifeng is a vibrant city. In 2003, Comrade Li Keqiang, then secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee, proposed to build the Central Plains urban agglomeration and "extend the Zhengzhou-Luoyang Industrial Corridor eastward to Kaifeng". In August, 2004, the Research Report on the Development of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration put forward that priority should be given to the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Bian during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, and Kaifeng ushered in new development opportunities. In 20 12, the State Council approved the plan of the Central Plains Economic Zone, and Kaifeng was identified as one of the core cities of the Central Plains Economic Zone, and clearly proposed to promote the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Bian. In 20 13, the State Council approved the development plan of Zhengzhou Airport Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone, and 65 square kilometers of Weishi County in Kaifeng City was included in the airport area, and Kaifeng was identified as one of the main urban areas of Zhengzhou Airport Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone. On August 20 16, the State Council approved the establishment of China (Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, in which Kaifeng is an important part and one of the three major areas. 20 16,10 in June, the report of the tenth party congress of the province clearly pointed out that it is necessary to "promote the integration and docking of neighboring cities and Zhengzhou, promote the in-depth development of Zhengzhou-Bian integration, accelerate the integration and development of Zhengzhou, Xu and Bian, build a joint metropolitan area, and enhance the radiation-driven ability of the province's development", Zheng Bian. 20 16 12 the state officially approved the 13th five-year plan to promote the rise of central China. In 20 17, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration Plan, and Kaifeng was listed as the core development area. 20 19 The Eighth Plenary Session of the Tenth Provincial Party Committee focused on accelerating the development of Kaifeng, and made major arrangements such as "building key industrial belts such as Ryan Double-Creation Corridor and Port Opening, and implementing the construction project along the Yellow River Ecological Belt". During the "two sessions" of 20 19 province, the "Report on the Work of the Provincial Government" put forward the requirements of "promoting the deep integration of Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, comprehensively promoting the construction of key industrial belts such as double-creation corridors and port opening in Zhengzhou, and accelerating the" double-first-class "construction of Henan University". From the initial proposal of Zheng-Bian integration to the present more than ten years, Zheng-Bian and the two places have adhered to the principles of "overall arrangement, coordinated promotion, complementary advantages and common development", and achieved remarkable development results. The two cities have initially established a "five cities, one * * * sharing" mechanism for transportation, telecommunications, finance, industry, ecology and resources, forming the Zhengzhou-Bian urban development zone with the highest population concentration and the strongest radiation-driven ability in the province, which has strongly supported Zhengzhou's strategy of building a national central city. Kaifeng, as one of the central cities in the central area of Central Plains urban agglomeration, an important part of Zhengzhou Airport Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone, one of the three areas of China (Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, and an important wing of the integrated development of Zhengzhou and Kaifeng, is facing a rare historical opportunity and has become one of the most dynamic cities in Henan Province and even in central China.

physical geography

Kaifeng is located in the east of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River plain, in the middle and east of Henan Province, adjacent to Zhengzhou, the provincial capital in the west, Shangqiu in the east, Xuchang and Zhoukou in the south, and Xinxiang across the Yellow River in the north.

Kaifeng has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, with an annual average temperature of 14.52℃, an annual average frost-free period of 22 1 day, and an annual average precipitation of 627.5 mm, which is mostly concentrated in July and August in summer.

There are many rivers in Kaifeng, which belong to two major water systems. The beach area to the north of the Yellow River levee is the Yellow River drainage system with a drainage area of 28 1 km2. South of the Yellow River levee belongs to the Huaihe River system. The main rivers are Huiji River, Ma Jiahe River, Bianhe River, Jia Luhe River and Wohe River, with a drainage area of 5,985 square kilometers.

Resources and products

Kaifeng has a flat terrain, and the soil is mostly clay, loam and sandy soil, which is suitable for planting crops. It is an important agricultural planting area in Henan Province, mainly including food crops, cash crops, vegetables, melons and fruits, deciduous trees and so on. , forming an agricultural industrial chain such as wheat, peanuts, pollution-free fruits, chrysanthemums and animal husbandry. Kaifeng is rich in plant resources, including about 800 species of terrestrial plants and aquatic plants. There are many kinds of animals, including more than 60 kinds of wild animals such as pigs, cows, sheep, donkeys, chickens, ducks, geese, rabbits, fish and birds. Kaifeng is an important breeding base for pigs, cattle and sheep in the province. "Kaifeng Yellow River Carp" is known as "the first fish in the world" and is famous at home and abroad. The underground resources in Kaifeng area have been proved to be oil and natural gas. It is estimated that the total oil output is 560 million tons and the natural gas reserves are 48.5 billion cubic meters. Coal resources are deeply buried, and the predicted reliable reserves are 7.79 billion tons. In addition, there are abundant limestone, rock salt, gypsum and other mineral deposits underground.