Collect background stories of famous poets

Zhang Jiuling (673-740), named Zishou, was born in Shaozhou (now Shaoguan City) and was a Jinshi in the early years of Jinglong, Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, he was the Minister of Liguan Zhongshu, Tongzhongshumenxiapingzhangshi, and Zhongshuling. He was a famous virtuous prime minister in the Tang Dynasty.

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Li Bai (701-762), whose courtesy name was Taibai, named himself Qinglian layman in his later years. His ancestral home was Chengji, Longxi (now Qin'an, Gansu Province). His ancestors migrated to the Western Regions at the end of the Sui Dynasty, and he was born in Suiye City (now in Kyrgyzstan) where the Anxi Protectorate of Anxi was located in the Tang Dynasty. He is so talented that he is known as the Immortal. His poems are rich in imagination, unique in conception, powerful and magnificent in style, and he is a representative figure of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

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Du Fu (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, his ancestors moved from their native Xiangyang (now part of Hubei) to Gong County (now part of Henan). He is the grandson of Du Shenyan, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Because he often calls himself Shaoling Yelao in his poems, and he was also a member of the inspection and work department, he was called Du Shaoling and Du Gongbu in his later life. His poems are good at choosing social themes with universal significance, reflecting the political corruption at that time, and expressing to a certain extent The People's Wishes, many of his excellent works, show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from the prosperity of Kaiyuan to the period of division and decline, so they are called "History of Poetry". The poetic style is melancholy and the language is refined and vivid, which has a great influence on later generations of poets.

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Wang Wei (701-761), named Mojie, was originally from Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province). His father moved to Puzhou (now Shanxi Province). Yongji West), so he was from Hedong. Kaiyuan Jinshi. He served as Dalecheng, Youshiyi and other officials. During the Anlushan rebellion, he was forced to take a pseudo-post. His achievements in poetry and painting were very high. Su Dongpo praised him as "there are paintings in poems and poems in paintings", especially his achievements in landscape poetry. Together with Meng Haoran, he was called "Wang Meng". In his later years, he had no intention of official career and devoted himself to Buddhism. Therefore, Later generations called him the "Poetry Buddha".

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Meng Haoran (689-740), named Hao and courtesy name Haoran, was a native of Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei). Except for taking a scientific examination in Chang'an when he was forty, he had been living in seclusion in his hometown of Lumen, studying and writing poems for his own entertainment. Most of his poems are based on landscape and pastoral themes. He was the main landscape and pastoral poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was as famous as Wang Wei and was collectively known as "Wang Meng".

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Wang Changling (about 690-756?), named Shaobo, was a native of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province today. It is said that he was a native of Nanjing or Taiyuan, Shanxi. He was a Jinshi in the 15th year of Kaiyuan, and he only served as a middle- and lower-level official in his life. During the Anshi Rebellion, he was killed by Lu Qiuxiao, the governor of Bozhou, on his way back to Jiangning. His poems are best written about palace resentments, frontier fortresses, and farewells. He is especially good at Qijue and is known as the "Sage of Qijue". People at the time praised him as the "Emperor of Poets".

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Qiu Wei (694-789?), a native of Jiaxing, Suzhou (now part of Zhejiang), was a Jinshi during the Tianbao period, the crown prince's right concubine, and the king Wei, Liu Changqing and others were friendly and lived to the age of 95. According to legend, they were the longest-lived poets in the Tang Dynasty.

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Qi Wuqian (692-749?), courtesy name Xiaotong, was a native of Jiangling, present-day Hubei, and is said to be a native of Nankang, Jiangxi. In the 14th year of Kaiyuan, he became a Jinshi. Yishouwei was admitted to the Jixian Academy to wait for the system. He moved to Zuo to collect relics, and eventually became a doctor. Later, he retired to Jiangdong. Most of the poems describe the secluded life in the mountains and forests and the feelings of being outside. They are delicate and beautiful.

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Chang Jian (708-765?), his place of origin is unknown. In the 15th year of Kaiyuan, he was ranked as a Jinshi with Wang Changling, and he only served as a minor official of Xuyi Wei . The poems mainly describe landscapes and pastoral areas, with exquisite choice of words and far-reaching realms.

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Cen Shen (715-770), a native of Nanyang, said to be from Jiangling, Hubei, lived in seclusion in Songyang, Henan when he was young. In the third year of Tianbao's reign, he was a Jinshi. He was a minor official at first, and later served as the governor of Jiazhou and other officials. It was known as "Cen Jiazhou" in the world. The poem is famous for describing life in the frontier fortress, and is as famous as Gao Shi, collectively known as "Gao Cen".

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Yuanjie (719-772), named Cishan, also known as Manlang and Xiansou, once took refuge in Yiyu Cave, because his nickname was Yiyu. Zi, from Henan.

In the twelfth year of Tianbao's reign, he was a Jinshi. Due to his meritorious service in recruiting rebels to fight against Shi Siming, he was awarded the title of governor of Daozhou in the second year of Guangde, and later moved to Rong to manage the history of economics. Most of the poems are allegorical about current affairs and reflect the suffering of the people.

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Wei Yingwu (737-791?), a native of Jingzhao Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), served as a bodyguard of Xuanzong in the court in the last years of Tianbao. In his early years, he was a knight-errant and wild and unrestrained. Later, he studied hard and passed the Jinshi examination. Because he served as the governor of Suzhou. It is known as "Wei Suzhou" in the world. His poetic style is calm and lofty, and he is famous for his ability to describe scenery and reclusive life.

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Liu Zongyuan (773-819), courtesy name Zihou, was born in Hedong Jie (now Jiezhou Town, Yuncheng County, Shanxi), and was known as Liu Hedong in the world. In the ninth year of the first year of Dezong Zhen's reign, he became a Jinshi, and he was also promoted to Bo Xue Hong Ci. Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of Official Rites, was demoted to Yongzhou Sima for his participation in the reform of Wang Shuwen's group. He later moved to Liuzhou to be the governor, and was known as Liuliuzhou. Poetry and prose were very famous at that time. Together with Han Yu, he led the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and was also known as Han Liu. He was one of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties.

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Meng Jiao (751-814), courtesy name Dongye, was born in Wukang, Huzhou (now Deqing, Zhejiang). He lived in seclusion in Songshan, Henan in his early years. He was a Jinshi and had only served as a minor official such as a county captain. He lived a life of hardship and had an upright temperament. Most of his poems described the suffering of the people and the harsh conditions of the world. Avoid mediocrity in language and pursue a thin, tough and eccentric style. As famous as Jia Dao, he is known as "Jiaohandao Slim".

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Chen Ziang (661-702), courtesy name Boyu, was born in Shehong, Zizhou (now part of Sichuan). When he was young, he was appointed as a knight, and in the first year of Ruizong's civilization, he was a Jinshi. When Wu Zetian was in power, he served as Shilintai Zhengzi, Youshiyi and other minor officials. He was deeply dissatisfied with the flashy and gorgeous poetic style since the Six Dynasties, and strived for reform, making important contributions to poetry creation and theory.

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Li Qi (690-751), a native of Dongchuan (now Santai, Sichuan), lived in Dengfeng, Henan when he was a boy. He was a Jinshi in the 13th year of Kaiyuan, and served as a minor official in Xinxiang County. His poems are mainly about frontier fortresses, with a bold style, generous and sad, and the seven-character song line is particularly distinctive.

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Han Yu (768-824), whose courtesy name was Tuizhi, was born in Heyang, Henan (now Mengxian County, Henan). He called himself Jun Wangchangli and was known as Han in the world. Changli. He was orphaned and poor as a child, worked hard and studied hard, and became a Jinshi scholar in the eighth year of Emperor Zhenyuan's reign. He once served as the supervisory censor, but was demoted to Yangshan County Magistrate because of Shangshu's request to be exempted from taxes and servitude in Guanzhong. Later, he followed the Prime Minister Pei Du to pacify Huaixi and moved to the Ministry of Punishment. He was demoted to the Chaozhou Governor for admonishing the Buddha's bones. He served as the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and was given the posthumous title of Wen Gong after his death. In his later life, he was called Han Officials and Han Wengong. He was the leader of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and together with Liu Zonger, he was known as Han Liu. The poem strives to be dangerous, novel, powerful and powerful.

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Bai Juyi (772-846), whose courtesy name was Letian, was also known as Xiangshan Haoshi in his later years. He was originally from Taiyuan, and later moved to Xiagui (now Weinan, Shaanxi). He was born in Xinzheng, Henan. In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan, he became a Jinshi. During the Yuanhe period, he served as a Hanlin scholar and Zuo Zanshan doctor. Because he gained power, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. In his later years, he became a Buddhist and called himself a layman. He wrote many poems throughout his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous. His language is easy to understand and he is known as "the old woman can understand it". Narrative poems such as "Pipa Xing" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" are also very famous.

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Li Shangyin (813-858), whose courtesy name was Yishan and whose name was Yuxisheng. A native of Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). Become a Jinshi. Because he was caught in the constant conflict between Niu and Li, he was very frustrated in his life. His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some of his love poems, which are so touching and pathos that they are widely read. However, it is too obscure and confusing, and difficult to understand. There is even a criticism that "poets all love Xikun, but they just hate that no one writes Zheng Jian."

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Gao Shi (702-765), courtesy name Dafu, was born in You, Dezhou (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province). He was awarded the title of Fengqiu County Lieutenant, and soon resigned. Later, he served as the Secretary of the Hexi Jiedushi Geshuhan Muzhongmu, where he was exposed to the magical scenery of the desert and the hard life of the border guards.

His poems express his feelings directly without embellishment. His seven-character songs are the most distinctive. Most of them describe life in the frontier. He is as famous as Cen Shen, also known as "Gao Cen".

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Tang Xuanzong (685-762), also known as Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, surnamed Li Longji, was the son of Ruizong Li Dan. He ascended the throne in 712 AD and received Zen in the following year. In December, the Yuan Dynasty was changed to the Kaiyuan Dynasty. In the early days, Yao Chong, Song Jing and other virtuous ministers were appointed. The politics were clear and bright, and it was called the Kaiyuan rule in history. Later, he successively appointed treacherous officials Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong, favored Yang Guifei's sisters and the border general An Lushan, which caused the Anshi Rebellion and fled to Shu. After his son Li Heng came to the throne, he respected him as the emperor. Able to write poems and versed in music.

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Wang Bo (649-676), courtesy name Zian, was born in Longmen, Jiangzhou (today's Hejin, Shanxi). At the age of fourteen, he passed the rank of Yingyou Suke. He once served in the army in Guozhou, and later went to Jiaozhi to visit his father. Unfortunately, he died of drowning at the age of 27. His poems strive to get rid of the elegant poetry style of Qi and Liang Dynasties, and his writing is also famous. The famous "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng" was written by him. Together with Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and King Luo Bin, they are collectively known as the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty.

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King Luo Bin (640-?), a native of Yiwu, Wuzhou (now part of Zhejiang Province), was in despair in his early years, but he was famous for his poetry and prose, and he only He served as a minor official such as chief secretary, participated in Xu Jingye's crusade against Wu Zetian as a volunteer soldier, and drafted a "Call to the Wu Family" for Xu. Later, he was defeated and fled, and his fate was unknown. He is also one of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty.

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Du Shenyan (about 646-708), whose courtesy name is Bi Jian, was born in Xiangyang (now part of Hubei) and moved to Gong County, Henan. He was a great poet. Du Fu's grandfather. Gaozong Xianheng Jinshi, who served as a minor official such as Xi Chengwei and Luoyang Cheng, and a direct bachelor of the Leiguan Xiuwen Museum. He is as famous as Li Qiao, Cui Rong, and Su Weiwei, and is known as the "Four Friends of Articles". He is one of the founders of "modern poetry" in the Tang Dynasty. First, the works are simple and natural.

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Shen Qianquan (approximately 656-714), named Yunqing, was born in Neihuang, Xiangzhou (now part of Henan). He was a Jinshi in Shangyuan and became the crown prince. Less trouble. Poetry is as famous as Song Zhiwen, collectively known as "Shen Song Dynasty". It is mostly made according to the needs of production and is of little significance, but it plays a greater role in shaping the rhythmic poetry.

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Song Zhiwen (about 656-712), a Shaolian, named Yanqing, a native of Fenzhou (now Fenyang, Shanxi), one theory A native of Hongnong, Guozhou (today's Lingbao, Henan Province), he was a Jinshi of the Shangyuan Dynasty. He was appointed as Fang Jiancheng during the reign of Wu Zetian, and was elected as a bachelor of the Xiuwen Academy during the reign of Emperor Zhongzong. Because of his accusation that Wu Zetian favored Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong's brothers, he was despised by scholars, and Xuanzong was a congenital Give death during the year. The poems are as famous as Shen Qian's poems in the whole period, and are collectively called "Shen Song Dynasty". Most of their works whitewash reality and praise peace, and are of little value. However, rhymed poems had a certain status in the early Tang Dynasty.

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Wang Wan (?-750), a native of Luoyang, present-day Henan, was a Jinshi during the Xiantian period of Xuanzong. In the fifth year of Kaiyuan, he was appointed as the chief administrator of Xingyang and ended up as the captain of Luoyang. Not many poems have been handed down, but "Ci Bei Gu Mountain" is the most famous.

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Liu Changqing (709-790?), courtesy name Wenfang, was born in Hejian (now Hebei Province). In the 21st year of Kaiyuan, he was a Jinshi. He once served as a captain of Changzhou County. He was imprisoned twice and was demoted twice. He moved to Muzhou Sima and was involved in a lawsuit as the governor of Suizhou. Most of the poems describe feelings of political frustration, and some reflect chaos. They are good at depicting natural scenery. Five-character poetry has a high level of achievement and is known as the "Five-Character Great Wall".

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Qian Qi (722-780), courtesy name Zhongwen, was born in Wuxing (now Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province). He was the first person to be awarded Jinshi in the tenth year of Tianbao. He once served as a meritorious doctor and a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy. Together with Han Xiong (left) Yu, Li Duan, Lu Lun and others, he was known as the Ten Talents of the Dali Dynasty. He is also as famous as Lang Shiyuan, and people say: "There was the Shen Song Dynasty before him, and there was the Qian Lang after him." The subject matter mostly focuses on describing the scenery and giving gifts and entertainment.

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Han Xiong (left) Yu (date of birth and death unknown), courtesy name Junping, was born in Nanyang (now part of Henan) and was a Jinshi in the 13th year of Tianbao. During the reign of Emperor Dezong, in addition to being a doctor in the Ministry of Transportation, he also knew how to make imperial edicts and was a scholar in the Jingzhong Bookstore. He was one of the ten talented people in the Dali Dynasty. The first is the most famous.

It is said that at that time, there were two Han Xiongyu (left), both good at poetry and prose. They were about to be appointed officials. When they came down, they did not know which one should be awarded. The emperor had to comment: "It is the same as the poem "Spring City is full of flying flowers". Han Xiong (left) Yu." This shows the popularity of this poem.

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Liu Liao (upper right) was born in Jiangdong (now Fengxin, Jiangxi) in 704-745?, and was a Jinshi in the 11th year of Kaiyuan. He served as school secretary, Luoyang captain, and Xia county magistrate. He was an indifferent person and liked to make friends with people from outside the country. Most of the poems write about natural scenery.

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Dai Shulun (732-789), courtesy name Yougong, was born in Jintan (now part of Jiangsu). When he was young, he studied under Xiao Yingshi and served as the governor of Fuzhou. , be able to manage the affairs a little bit. In his later years, he invited himself to be a Taoist priest. Most of his poems express his seclusion and leisurely mood, and some reflect the suffering of people's lives.

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Lulun (748-800?), named Yunyan, was born in Hezhongpu (now Yongji, Shanxi). Due to the Anshi Rebellion, he moved to Boyang, present-day Jiangxi Province. He was repeatedly rejected as a Jinshi, but later he was appreciated by Prime Minister Yuan Zai, so he was able to serve as a minor official for several terms, and he was a doctor in the household department. One of the ten most talented people in the Dali calendar. He wrote many poems as gifts and in return, but he had no special characteristics. However, frontier fortress poems are written with great momentum, and some poems describing natural scenery are also excellent.

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Li Yi (748-827), courtesy name Junyu, was born in Guzang, Shaanxi (now Wuwei, Gansu), and later moved to Zhengzhou, Henan. Jinshi in the fourth year of Dali, he was first appointed as the captain of Zheng County, but was unable to be promoted for a long time. Later, he abandoned his official position and wandered around Yanzhao. During Xianzong's reign, he was the official secretary, Shaojian, and finally the minister of the Ministry of Rites. The poetry style is bold and lively, and frontier fortress poetry is especially famous.

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Sikong Shu (about 720-790?), courtesy name Wenming, was born in Guangping (the county is southeast of Yongnian, Hebei). He was once promoted to Jinshi, served as the Jiedushi shogunate in Jiannan, and was a doctor in the Ministry of Water Resources. He was also one of the ten talented people in the Dali calendar. His poems mostly wrote about natural scenery and nostalgia and travel thoughts, and he was good at the five rhymes.

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Liu Yuxi (772-842), named Mengde, was from Luoyang (now part of Henan Province). He said that his ancestral home was Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province). In the ninth year of Zhenyuan, he was a Jinshi, admitted to Bo Xue Hong Ci, and was awarded the title of Supervisory Censor. Because he participated in Wang Shuwen's reform and opposed the eunuchs and the separatist forces of the vassal town, he was demoted to Sima of Langzhou and moved to Lianzhou as governor after the failure. Later, due to the strong recommendation of Prime Minister Pei Du, he was appointed as the guest of the crown prince and the minister of the Ministry of Etiquette of the school. He was known as the guest of Liu in the world. He had a good relationship with Liu Zongyuan and was known as "Liu Liu". He often sang with Bai Juyi and was also known as "Liu Bai". His poetry style was fresh, subtle and subtle. He was good at absorbing the essence of folk songs and reflected social life.

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Zhang Ji (768-830?), named Wenchang, was originally from Wujun (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). When he was young, he lived in Wujiang, Hezhou (now Wujiang, Jiangsu Province). Wujiang Town, He County, Anhui Province). He became a Jinshi in the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan, and successively held the posts of Taizhu of Taichang Temple, Yuanwailang of the Ministry of Water Resources, and Siye of the Imperial Academy. In his later life, he was called "Zhang Shuilang" or "Zhang Siye". Because his family was poor and his eyesight disease was serious, Meng Jiao called him "Poor and Blind Zhang Taizhu". He was a student of Han Yu. Many of his poems reflected the social contradictions and people's livelihood suffering at that time. He was highly praised by Bai Juyi. He was as famous as Wang Jian and was also called "King Zhang".

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Du Mu (803-852), courtesy name Muzhi, was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) and the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. He was a Jinshi in the second year of Taihe. He served as an aide to Jiangxi Observer Envoy and Xuanshe Observer Envoy Shen Chuanshi and Jiannan Jiedu Envoy Niu Sengru. He successively served as the supervisory censor and the governor of Huang, Chi and Mu states. Later, he became the wailang of Si Xunyuan, and finally he was born in Shushe. His poems are bold and clear, with his own style, and he is known as "Xiao Du". He is also as famous as Li Shangyin and is also known as "Little Li Du".

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Xu Hun (date of birth and death unknown), whose courtesy name is Hui and whose first name is Zhonghui, was born in Danyang, Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province). He failed in many tests and was not admitted to Jinshi until the third year of Emperor Wenzong's reign. He was a member of the Ministry of Officials and Yu, a wailang, and the governor of Muzhou and Yingzhou. He studied hard and suffered from illnesses since he was young. He loved forests and springs. He was good at poetry in rhyme and style, and wrote many works that were nostalgic for the past.

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Wen Tingyun (812-870?), whose real name is Qi and whose courtesy name is Feiqing, was born in Qi County, Shanxi today. He is quick in writing and proficient in music. Every time he enters the test, he rhymes with the official rhyme, and the eight-pointed hand becomes the eight-pointed rhyme, and the time is called "Wen Baji". Unsatisfactory in his official career, he was officially dismissed as an assistant to the Imperial Academy. The poems are rich in diction, and a few works reflect current affairs. He is as famous as Li Shangyin and is also called "Wen Li". He was also a lyricist and the originator of the "Huajian School" and played a considerable role in promoting the development of Ci after the Five Dynasties.

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Ma Dai (775-?), named Yuchen, was a native of Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province today. It is said that he was from Hebei or Jiangsu. After repeated attempts, he failed to pass, and it was not until the fourth year of Wuzong Huichang that he became a Jinshi. In the early years of Xuanzong's reign, he was the secretary of Taiyuan Muzhong. Because of his outspokenness, he was demoted to the rank of Lieutenant of Longyang (now Hanshou, Hunan), and later became Dr. Taichang. The style of poetry is similar to that of Jia Dao, and Yan Yu believes that his rhythmic poetry is superior to that of others in the late Tang Dynasty.

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Zhang Qiao (date of birth and death unknown), born in Guichi, Anhui today, was a middle-aged Jinshi in Xiantong, Yizong. At that time, he worked with Xu Tang, Zheng Gu, Zhang Bin and other southeastern talents were called "Ten Philosophers of Xiantong". To avoid the Huangchao Rebellion, he once lived in seclusion in Jiuhua Mountain. The poem is elegant and thoughtful, and the style is similar to Jia Dao.

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Cui Tu (854-?), courtesy name Lishan, was a native of the Fuchunjiang area in present-day Zhejiang. Xizong became a Jinshi in the fourth year of Guangqi's reign. He wandered all his life and once traveled in Sichuan and Shaanxi for a long time. Most of the poems take wandering life as their theme, with a desolate mood.

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Du Xunhe (846-907), whose courtesy name was Yanzhi, was a native of Jiuhuashan and a native of Shidai, Chizhou (now Shitai, Anhui). According to legend, he was the son of Du Mu's concubine. In the second year of Dashun of Emperor Zhaozong, he became a Jinshi, but he was awarded an official title. He was later appointed as a Hanlin scholar by Zhu Wen, Taizu of Liang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, and died in only five days. The language of his poems is popular, and some of his works reflect the social contradictions and the tragic experiences of the people in the warlords' melee in the late Tang Dynasty. They were prominent at that time, and their palace poems were also famous.

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Weizhuang (836-910), whose courtesy name was Duanji, was born in Duling, Chang'an (now Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province). He was a Jinshi in the first year of Qianning, Emperor Zhaozong's reign. When he was young, he lived a dissolute life. Later he entered Shu and became the secretary of Wang Jian. Wang Jian was the former emperor of Shu and appointed him as prime minister. His poems are very famous. The long poem "Qin Women's Song" reflects the unfortunate situation of women in the war, which was quite popular at the time. Although famous, the Huangchao Peasant Rebel Army was slandered a lot in the poem. The language of his poems is clear and beautiful, and he mostly uses descriptive techniques to describe the love, separation, sorrow and recreational life of his wife. Together with Wen Tingyun, he is an important poet of the Huajian School.

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Seng Jiaoran (730-799), named Qingzhou, whose surname was Xie, was the tenth grandson of Xie Lingyun in the Southern Song Dynasty, Huzhou (now Wuxing, Zhejiang) people. He once sang and communicated with Yan Zhenqing and others, and lived in Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan, Wuxing, with Lingche, Lu Yu and others. Most of the poems are written as farewells and responses, and some of them even promote the Buddhist thought of transcendence. The mood is relaxed and the language is simple.

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Cui Hao (about 704-754) was a native of Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan). In the eleventh year of Kaiyuan, he was a Jinshi and a member of the imperial court. In his early days, he lived a romantic and uninhibited life, and his poems mostly wrote about love affairs, which was very flashy. Later, after experiencing the frontier fortress, his poetic style became bold and bold.

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Zu Yong (699-746?), a native of Luoyang (now part of Henan), later moved to the north of Ru River, and became a Jinshi in the twelfth year of Kaiyuan. Because of Zhang Shuo's recommendation, he served as a member of the driving department for a short period of time. Many of the poems describe scenery and objects, advocating a secluded life.

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Cui Shu (about 704-739), a native of Songzhou (now Dengfeng, Henan), was the first Jinshi in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, but He has only served as a minor official like Henan Lieutenant. He once lived in seclusion in Songshan Mountain, Henan Province.

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Huangfu Ran (716-769), also known as Maozheng, was born in Danyang, Jiangsu today, and lived in Jingzhou, Gansu for his ancestors. In Tianbao's fifteenth year, he became a Jinshi. Zeng Guan Wuxi Wei, Wang Jinmu entered Henan Jiedushi at the beginning of the Dali Dynasty, and ended up picking up relics on the left and repairing the ques on the right. The poem is clear and easy to recite, with a sense of wandering.

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Yuan Zhen (779-831), whose courtesy name was Wei Zhi, was from Henan (now Luoyang, Henan). His family was poor in his early years. In the 9th year of Zhenyuan, he was appointed to the Ming Jing Ke and in the 19th year of the Shu Juan Diocui Ke. He once served as a supervisory censor. He was reprimanded for offending the eunuchs and conservative bureaucrats. Later, he turned to the eunuchs and became an official under Tong Zhongshu. , and finally died of a violent illness in the Wuchang Army. Together with Bai Juyi, he was an early advocate of the New Yuefu Movement. His poetry is also as famous as Bai Juyi's, and he is known as "Yuan Bai" in the world. In fact, Yuan Zhen is far from comparable to Bai Juyi in terms of reflecting the breadth and depth of life or the art of poetry.

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Xue Feng (806-876?), named Tao Chen, was born in Yongji, Shanxi today, and was a Jinshi in the first year of Huichang of Wuzong. He was a bachelor and minister of Guanhong Wenguan, and later became the governor of Bazhou, Pengzhou and Mianzhou. He holds sharp opinions and shows himself by his high strategy. The final secretary and supervisor. Most of the poems are written in a hasty manner, which makes them superficial.

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Qin Taoyu (date of birth and death unknown), courtesy name Zhongming, was born in Jingzhao (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). If he failed to win the Jinshi title, he was granted the title of Jinshi in the second year of Emperor Zhonghe's reign. He once entered Shu from Emperor Xizong and relied on the powerful eunuch Tian Lingzi, the minister of the Ministry of Government and Industry, and the judge of the Shence Army. The poem is famous for its seven lines.

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Pei Di (716-?) was a native of Guanzhong (now Shaanxi). He served as the governor of Shuzhou and the provincial minister of Shangshu. In his early years, he was friendly with Wang Wei, lived together in Zhongnan Mountain, and sang harmony with each other. Most of the existing poems are Wujue. He often describes lonely scenery, and his ideological tendency is similar to Wang Wei's landscape poetry.

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Wang Zhihuan (688-742), named Jiling, was originally from Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and his great ancestor moved to Jiangxian County, Shanxi today. He was bold and uninhibited, often singing sad songs about fencing, and many of his poems were composed and sung by musicians at that time. He became famous for a while. He often sang harmoniously with Gao Shi, Wang Changling, etc. He was famous for his ability to describe the scenery of the frontier fortress.

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Li Duan (approximately 743-782?), courtesy name Zhengji, was born in Zhaozhou (now Zhao County, Hebei Province). He lived in Lushan for a long time and studied under the poet monk Jiao Ran. Jinshi in the fifth year of Dali. He once served as Secretary, Provincial Secretary, and Sima of Hangzhou. In his later years, he resigned and lived in seclusion in Hengshan, Hunan, calling himself Hengyue Youren. Most of his poems were written for social occasions, expressing negative thoughts of escaping from the world. Some of his poems also reflected social reality. Some of his poems about boudoir love were also clear and recitable. He was one of the ten talented people in the Dali calendar.

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Wang Jian (about 767-830?), courtesy name Zhongchu, was born in Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan). Born into a humble family. Jinshi in the tenth year of Dali. He once served as a minor official such as a county captain, county magistrate, and Sima. He also joined the army and went to the frontier fortress. In his later years, he retired to Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. He is good at Yuefu poetry and is as famous as Zhang Ji. His poems on the themes of Tianjia, silkworm women, weaver girls, water husbands, etc. reflect the political decadence and the suffering of people's lives at that time in different procedures, and their language is relatively simple.

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Quan Deyu (759-818), whose name is recorded, was a native of Qin'an, Gansu Province today. It is said that he was a native of Lueyang, Shaanxi. He has a rare literary name. He was once an official minister in the Ministry of Rites, Tong Pingzhangshi, but because of his disagreement with Li Linfu, he was appointed as the governor of Shannan West Road. There are many poems but no special features. Only a few Yuefu poems are praised by people.

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Zhang Hu (year of birth and death unknown), named Chengji. A native of Qinghe (now part of Hebei), one said he was a native of Qinyang, Henan. He lived in Suzhou in his early years and later went to Chang'an. He was squeezed out by Yuan Zhen and then moved to Huainan. I loved Danyangqu'adi and lived in seclusion for the rest of my life. The most famous poems are Gong Ci, which was highly praised by the contemporary poet Du Mu.

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Jia Dao (779-843), whose courtesy name was Langxian and whose first name was Langxian, was from Fanyang (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). At first, he became a monk without a name, but later Han Yu persuaded him to return to secular life. He failed the Jinshi examination many times and served as the chief administrator of Changjiang, known as Jia Changjiang. He is a famous wistful poet, famous for his pursuit of pure and cold artistic conception, and his emphasis on refining calligraphy. As famous as Meng Jiao, he is known as "Jiao Handao Slim".

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Li Pin (818?-876), courtesy name Dexin, was born in Jiande, Zhejiang Province today. He was a Jinshi in the eighth year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign and served as Secretary Lang , Nanling Wei, Wu Gong Ling, Shi Yushi, and finally the governor of Jianzhou. The main themes of the poems are landscapes and farewell feelings.

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The people of the West are the people in the western frontier, so they are called the West.

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Jin Changxu (date of birth and death unknown), was born in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province today, and the remaining details are unknown.

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He Zhizhang (659-744), also known as Jizhen. A native of Yongzhou, Yuezhou (now Xiaoshan, Zhejiang), he was a Jinshi in the first year of Emperor Zhengsheng of Wu Zetian. He served as minister of the Ministry of Rites, guest of the prince, secretary and supervisor. He called himself Siming Kuangke, and together with Li Bai, Zhang Xu and others, he was known as the "Eight Immortals in Drinking" in Chang'an. He is skilled in calligraphy and especially good at calligraphy. He has many poems dedicated to gods and music, and occasionally has small poems that are fresh and gratifying.

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Zhang Xu (675-750?), named Bogao, was born in Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). He once served as a county official in Changshu and had a long history in Jinwu. He is good at cursive calligraphy and good at drinking. He is known as Zhang Dian in the world and is also one of the "Eight Immortals of Drinking". At that time, his cursive script, together with Li Bai's poetry and Pei Wen's sword dance, were known as the "Three Wonders". His poetry was also unique, and he was famous for his seven unique styles.

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Wang Han (about 687-735 years later), named Ziyu. A native of Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). Jinshi in the first year of Ruizong Jingyun. He served as a special driver in Xianzhou, and was later demoted to Sima of Daozhou. Let the knights make wine and rely on their talents without restraint. Most of the poems are in ancient style, desolate and unrestrained.

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Zhang Ji (date of birth and death unknown), courtesy name Yisun, was born in Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province). In the twelfth year of Tianbao's reign, he was a Jinshi, and he served as a judge of salt and iron and a doctor of the school inspection and temple department. Most of his poems are published in travel journals, and they mostly write about thoughts of depression and resentment. They are not polished, but fresh and joyful.

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Liu Fangping (date of birth and death unknown), was born in Luoyang, Henan Province today. Tianbao was a famous scholar, but he was not interested in being an official. He was fond of landscapes, calligraphy and painting. He was also famous for his poetry and was good at quatrains.

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Liu Zhongyong (year of birth and death unknown), whose real name is Dan and whose courtesy name is Zhongyong. A native of Yongji County, Shanxi today, he was a Jinshi during the Dali Dynasty. He once served as a Hucao in Hongzhou and joined the army. He was a poet friend with Lu Lun, Li Duan and others.

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Gu Kuang (about 725-about 814), whose courtesy name was Bu Weng. A native of Haiyan, Suzhou (now part of Zhejiang). Suzong became a Jinshi in the second year of his reign. Zeng Guanzuo Lang was demoted to Raozhou Sihu because he stabbed the powerful. Later, he took his family and lived in seclusion in Maoshan, Yanling, Runzhou, calling himself Huayang Zhenyi. He was good at painting landscapes and his poems were easy to read and fluent. He paid more attention to reflecting the social contradictions at that time. Yan Yu said that he had the style of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

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Zhu Qingyu (date of birth and death unknown), courtesy name Kejiu, was born in Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He was a Jinshi in the second year of Jingzong Baoli. Zeng Guan Secretary and Provincial Secretary. Zhang Ji appreciated his poems for their fresh diction and detailed descriptions, and their contents mostly describe people's daily lives.

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Zheng Wei (about 824-882), courtesy name Taiwen, was born in Xingyang (now part of Henan). He was a Jinshi during the Huichang period of Emperor Wuzong and served successively as Zhongshushe. He held the positions of Ren, Minister of War, Minister of Personnel, Tongping Zhangshi, etc., and once suppressed the Huangchao uprising.

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Han Qianwu (844-about 914), with the courtesy name Zhiyao (the first work is Zhiguang), the small name Donglang, and his nickname is Yushan Woodcutter. A native of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province today. Jinshi in the first year of Emperor Zhaozong's reign. He is a bachelor of Guanhanlin and a native of Zhongshushe. Huang Chao entered Chang'an, followed Zhaozong to Fengxiang, and was promoted to Minister of War and Imperial Academy. Later, he was criticized for not being attached to Zhu Quanzhong, and he died due to Wang Shenzhi, the king of southern Fujian. Most of his poems are about erotic love, with gorgeous words, and are known as Xiang Xian style.

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Chen Tao (about 812-885 years ago), named Songbo, was a native of Poyang (now Boyang, Jiangxi Province), a native of Lingnan, and a swordsman. A native of Pu (now Nanping, Fujian). He was not ranked as a Jinshi, but he loved the mountains and rivers, and called himself a commoner of the Three Religions. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, he fled chaos and went to Xishan in Hongzhou to study the immortals, but he ended up unknown.

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Zhang Bi (930-?), courtesy name Zicheng, was born in Jiangdu, Jiangsu today. He once served as Jurong Lieutenant and was a member of Shushe in Guanzhong during the reign of the Southern Tang Dynasty.

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Anonymous, nameless.

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Du Qiuniang, Du Mu's "Preface to Du Qiuniang's Poems" says: Du Qiu, a girl from Jinling, was Li Qi's concubine at the age of fifteen, but Hou Qi rebelled. After entering the palace, he was favored by Jingling. Mu Zong ascended the throne and appointed Qiuniang as the prince's mother. The prince Zhuang was granted the title of King of Zhang. He was punished and deposed, and he returned to his hometown in Qiu Yin.

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Xue Tao, named Hongdu, was born in the fifth year of Dali and died in the sixth year of Dali (770-832 AD) at the age of 63. Originally from Chang'an, he lived with his father in Chengdu since he was a child. He was able to write poems at the age of eight or nine, and was admitted to the Yue family at the age of sixteen. After leaving the Yue family, he never married.

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Su Weiwei is from Luancheng, Zhaozhou. Together with Li Qiao, a local, he was known as Wenhan, and people at that time called him Su Li. He was promoted to Jinshi with a weak title, and transferred to Xianyang Wei after being tired. Pei Xingjian was appointed as the secretary in charge, and during the period of extension, he was appointed as the minister of Lifeng Pavilion and the assistant minister of school inspection. In the first year of Zhengsheng's reign, he became the governor of Jizhou and was summoned to worship Tianguan as his minister. At the beginning of the Holy Calendar, he moved to Fengge to serve as the Minister of Luantai in Fengge. He lived there for several years and learned more about the stories of Taige. During the Shenlong period, Zhang Yi's party demoted him to be the governor of Meizhou, and he was also the governor of Yizhou. The style of poetry is pure and upright, elegant but not gorgeous. Many poems about things. Representative works include "The Fifteenth Night of the First Month", "Yong of the Rainbow", "He Wu Sansi's Works to Find the Reverend Master at Tianzhong Temple", etc. Among them, "The Fifteenth Night of the First Month" depicts the night scene of the Lantern Festival, with fiery trees and silver flowers, Li Youji, and a bright moon. The song makes people feel relaxed and fascinated, and it is worthy of being a masterpiece. In addition, the description of the rainbow in the poem "Yong Hong" is also worthy of praise. There are fifteen volumes of collections, and now one volume of poems is compiled (the first volume of Tang poetry is the sixty-fifth volume).

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Liu Xiyi, a native of Tingzhi, Ruzhou. He had little culture and was unconventional, and he was later harmed by others. Xiyi was good at poetry about the love affairs of a soldier who served in the army, and his words were graceful and graceful, but his meaning was tragic and he was not taken seriously by others. Later, Sun Yu wrote the "Zhengsheng Collection", which included the best collection of Xiyi poems, which was highly praised by his time. His representative works include "Walking in the Army", "Picking Mulberries", "Spring Song", "Spring Women's Walk", "Pounding Clothes", "Sorrowful Pulsatilla", "Reminiscence of Luochuan", etc. Among them, the poem "Sorrowful Pulsatilla" writes that flowers bloom and fall, and time throws away people; the beautiful young man in the past is now a half-dead white-headed man. From this, he expresses "the flowers are the same every year, but the people are different every year" and "how long can the eyebrows turn around?" "In a moment, the crane's hair is as messy as silk". Its wording and artistic conception are similar to Zhen Shiyin's annotation of the lame Taoist's "Good Song" in "A Dream of Red Mansions": "The humble room was empty, the bed was full of wats, the grass was withered, and it was once a singing and dancing place..." and Daiyu's "Burial of Flowers" "How long can a bright and fresh beauty last? It's hard to find once you wander" and "Just watch the spring flowers gradually fall, it is the time when the beauty dies of old age". The wording and artistic conception are very similar, but the rhetoric is not weaker than The latter is hundreds of years earlier, which shows that Xiyi has a deep insight into world affairs and a high level of literary attainments. It is said that people with high standards and few people can't measure the size of rivers and seas with just one foot of lake. It's no wonder that Xi Yi was not respected by others at the beginning. Collected in ten volumes, this is a volume of poems (volume 82 of the complete poems of the Tang Dynasty).

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Yu Shinan, courtesy name Boshi, was born in Yuyao. He is quiet and has few desires. He concentrates on reading and does not take a shower until he is tired for ten days. The article is elegant and elegant, and it is known as "Pushe Xu Ling", so it is famous. In the Sui Dynasty, the official secretary Lang did not move for ten years. After entering the Tang Dynasty, he joined the army for the record office of the Qin government and moved to the prince's home. Taizong Jianzuo was a bachelor and secretary-supervisor of Lihong Literature Hall. His posthumous title was Wenyi. Taizong called his virtue, loyalty, erudition, literary style, and calligraphy the five greatest virtues. He issued an imperial edict to King Wei of Wei, saying: "Shi Nan is a famous minister of the present era, a man with good human ethics. Now that he has died, there is no one left in Shiqu and Dongguan." His calligraphy emphasizes both hardness and softness, and his bone strength is strong, which is comparable to that of Ouyang Xun, Chu Suiliang, and Xue Ji is also known as the "Four Great Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty". His poetic style is similar to his calligraphy style, with a clear and beautiful tone that reveals vigor. Because he was a close minister, there were many works about serving banquets and responding to imperial edicts. His representative works include "Crossing the Fortress", "A Visit to a Young Man", "A Song of Resentment", "Fu De Linchi Bamboo Yingzhi", "Cicada", "Feng He Ying Feng Ying Ying Wei Wang Jiao", etc.

Among them, the last three poems about things (i.e., "Ode to Linchi Bamboo Yingzhi", "Cicada", "Fenghe Yingfeng Yingying Jiao of the King of Wei") respectively write about bamboo, cicada and wind. They firmly grasp the characteristics of the objects and depict them very vividly. For example, the poem "Cicada" describes a cicada drinking clear dew and perching on a high place (Wu Tong). Its sound is far away because of its height, rather than relying on the autumn wind. It means that a gentleman should live high and sound far away like a cicada, so that he does not have to rely on or be controlled by other things. , it can be seen that Shinan's skill in describing objects and expressing his aspirations is evident. Thirty volumes have been collected, and now one volume of poems has been compiled (Full Tang Poetry Volume 36).

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Zhang Wei, courtesy name Zhengyan, is from Henan. In the second year of Tianbao's reign, he was promoted to Jinshi. His poems have a pure and upright style, and they are mostly composed of farewell banquets. His representative works include "Early Plum Blossoms", "Shao Ling's Works", "Send Pei Shiyu Return to Shangdu", etc. Among them, "Early Plum Blossoms" is the most famous, and many of the selected volumes of "Three Hundred Tang Poems" have been compiled. "I don't know that the water flowers bloom first, but I suspect that the winter snow has not disappeared." It is suspected that the white plum blossoms are the reason for the snow. The writing is very innovative and interesting. Volume One of Poems (Volume 197 of Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty).

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The Xu family is also the Queen Mother of former Shu. Xu Geng in Chengdu gave birth to two daughters, both of whom were of national beauty and capable of poetry, and the king of Shu accepted them. The elder sister is a virtuous concubine, and Di is a virtuous concubine. When Wang Yan came to the throne, Concubine Xian was named Queen Mother Shunsheng, and Concubine Shu was named Queen Mother Yisheng. In the first year of Xiankang, the empress dowager Yanfeng prayed to Qingcheng Mountain together. Everywhere he traveled, he wrote poems and engraved them on stones. Her poems can not only point out the beauty of the scenic spots visited, but also jump out of the limitations of the actual objects they are chanting. They are full of imagination, virtual and real, which makes people feel leisurely and fascinated. It is also the work of a sincere and talented woman. Among the sixteen poems, "Inscribed on Jinhua Palace", "Xuandu View" (1), "Looking at the Holy Lamp at Night on Sanxue Mountain" (1) are all excellent works, especially "Looking at the Holy Lamp at Night on Sanxue Mountain" (1) ) is the best. "The chime strikes the golden ground, and the monk sings the sound of Brahma. If there is no mind, the light seems to have emotion." The scene of viewing the holy lamp is vividly presented to people, and the writing is very sublime and unconventional. There is a volume of poems (the ninth volume of the complete poem of the Tang Dynasty).

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Yu Liangshi was engaged in Zhang Jianfeng of Xuzhou. The words of his five-character poems are clear and elegant, and they pay attention to antithesis and are very neat. Most of the poems describe scenery, and at the same time express feelings of homesickness and seclusion. The seven poems are all excellent works, especially the two poems "Spring Mountain Night Moon" and "Su Lantian Pass Send to Shen Yuanwai" are the best. There is a famous line in "Spring Mountain Night Moon": "Holding the moon in the water in your hands, filling your clothes with the fragrance of flowers".

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Cui Hu, courtesy name Yin Gong, was born in Boling. He ascended the throne in the twelfth year of Zhenyuan. Finally, he served as the envoy of Lingnan Festival. His poetry style is concise and graceful?/cagt;