20 19 Yunnan Honghe Medical and Health Recruitment Examination Preventive Medicine: What is a chronic disease?

Hello: Diseases that endanger human health include major and emerging infectious diseases, heart diseases, malignant tumors, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other chronic non-communicable diseases. According to statistics, by the end of 20 14, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China ranked first in the world, with more than 200 million patients with hypertension. The characteristics of "three highs" (high prevalence rate, high disability rate and high mortality rate) and "three lows" (awareness rate 45%, medication rate 28% and control rate 8%) are obvious.

The prevalence of risk factors related to chronic diseases is becoming more and more serious. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in China is rising rapidly: in 20 16 years, China has surpassed the United States to become the country with the largest obese population in the world. Among them, there are 43.2 million obese men and 46.4 million obese women in China, ranking first in the world. Unreasonable diet, insufficient physical activity and smoking are the three behavioral risk factors that cause various chronic diseases.

The aging trend is grim, and the elderly population is growing rapidly. The number of elderly people in China ranks first in the world and is increasing year by year in recent years. The sustained and rapid growth of the elderly has become a special group and the main group of the whole health management service industry. At the same time, with the increasing aging, senile diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are increasing in China. Therefore, the health of the elderly is not just a family problem, but a serious social problem.

The increase in the number of patients with chronic diseases, the change of disease spectrum and the increase in the number of elderly people have all triggered the transformation of medical model from simple post-illness treatment to the combination of prevention, health care, treatment and rehabilitation, and people pay more attention to the adjustment and recovery of sub-health status. In 20 17, the per capita GNP of China was 8690 USD, and the life expectancy of the population reached 76.7 years. It is predicted that after 2020, China will enter the ranks of countries with high human development level (the human development index is greater than 0.8), which means that health will become the priority choice for China people. Therefore, the number of people who need health management services will continue to rise, which will bring great opportunities for the development of health management services.

Medium-and long-term plan for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in China (20 17-2025): 2017 65438+10. On October 22nd, the General Office of the State Council issued the Medium-and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (2017-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Plan). Do a good job in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, improve the healthy life expectancy of residents, and promote the construction of a healthy China in the next 5 ~ 10 years, which is an important measure to implement the spirit of the national health and wellness conference and strive to fully protect people's health, and is of great significance to building a well-off society in an all-round way and promoting the construction of a healthy China: 1. Emphasize the comprehensiveness and sociality of chronic disease prevention and treatment. 2. Emphasize personal health responsibility for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. 3. Action plan and.

The Plan puts forward the core goal of reducing premature mortality caused by major chronic diseases, which is consistent with the development goals of the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases from 20 13 to 2020 and the United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2030.

Next, let's look at an exercise:

The core objectives of the multiple-choice Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (20 17 ~ 2025) are:

A. Control infectious diseases B. Reduce the premature mortality of major chronic diseases

C. Reduce the incidence of major chronic diseases D. Improve the medication rate of patients with chronic diseases.

Answer B. Analysis: The Medium-and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (20 17 ~ 2025) puts forward the core goal of reducing premature mortality caused by major chronic diseases, which is in line with the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases (20 13 ~ 2020) and the United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2030.