Why are domestic cartoons getting worse and worse?

As early as 1926, Wan Laiming, Wan Guchan, and Wan Atlas, the "four brothers of Wan's family", worked hard to shoot China's first silent animated short film "Make a scene", which made China's first cartoon image appear in 194 1. The real comics began at 1949. The cartoon "Make a scene in Heaven", even today, is an absolute classic film, letting the world know that China has an image of the Monkey King. Princess Iron Fan, China's first cinema film produced by Wan Brothers, has found a place for China animation in the world. Even Osamu Tezuka, an animator known as the father of Japanese animation, lamented: "I started making cartoons after watching Princess Iron Fan." China animation was originally based on its own unique cultural background, so it produced paper-cut animation, shadow play animation and puppet animation. The first paper-cut animation Pig Eight Rings Eat Watermelon was born in 1958, and subsequent cartoons such as Fisherman (1959), Ginseng Doll (196 1) and Waiting for Tomorrow (1). The paintings of Qi Baishi, a master of Chinese painting, have also become the material of China animated films. 1960 filmed "Little Tadpole Looking for Mom", which brought the essence of China traditional culture-landscape ink painting to life in animation and won five awards. In "The Clever Duckling", the aftershock light borrowed the origami craft of ancient China. From 1950 to 1964, China animation became the "golden age" of China animation, precisely because of its unique skills and storyline attracted the attention of the world. In the late 1970s, films such as Ina Naughty the Sea, Three Monks and Lu Zhongshu won many international awards. "Miss Prairie Hero" is adapted from a true story and adopts realistic techniques in modeling and scenes, which is a great attempt in the field of realistic animation in China. Nowadays, the school of realism, which is popular in Japanese animation, has sprung up all over the world, while China's realistic animation existed as early as the 1970s. Unfortunately, China's realistic animation, which was higher than Japanese animation in the same period, has become silent today. People in the animation industry generally lack ideas, professionalism and innovation. This can be seen from the production level of Lotus Lantern. The old concept that "animation is a children's program" still fetters this work that might have been a blockbuster. There is a special discussion on this, so I won't say much here. As for the major, it's really playing games and going through the motions. China's animation never seems to consider rigor. Maybe it's because our comics are all "gourd dolls" except "The Wolf", and animals and myths don't need to be rigorous. I remember there is a domestic cartoon, which seems to be called "motorcade" There is such a scene: a fully armed wolf holds six bullets in his left hand, and all of them are loaded into the revolver in his right hand with one shot. Anyone with a discerning eye can see that this is just to save dozens of frames. Compared with Tenkawa Akito's loading bullets one after another in the theatrical version of Mobile Warship, I have to admire the laziness of China animators. In contrast, Japanese animators who are "rigidly constrained" by real actions are really "stupid"! When it comes to the word "details", animation is almost non-existent in China, and almost no director or original painting will bother to add details of "wasting money". In Japan, the opposite is true: regardless of the opening title of Gundam-08 MS Squad, Gundam covers his ears when shooting; Or "Listen to Your Ear", with the action of breaking lines and pressing pens when writing, the background is completely composed of sketches-this is Ghibli's consistent style, and the fragments of Amasawa Seiji playing the violin are so real that experts can't find any flaws at all-the producer has specially studied the violin for half a year, which shows that Japanese animators pay attention to details. Don't underestimate the details of a few minutes and seconds, sometimes this will affect the state and life of the whole work! Why is there such a big contrast? The animation industry in China is a very closed industry, which is basically a manual workshop handed down from master to apprentice. But this handicraft workshop has a very special side: high income, low age, low education, closed and professional. People in the animation industry are called "senior wage earners": a child who has just entered the industry can become a skilled worker in animation processing within one year, with a monthly income of 3,000-7,000 yuan. If he is smart, he can do the original painting in three to five years, with a monthly income of 5000- 1 10,000, or even higher. Of course, it is also very hard, because it is a piece of salary, just like picking up money. Those who are slow will be fired, and the competition is fierce. Everyone is desperate. The price of Beijing plus animation is around 2 yuan/department, and the southern level is 1.5-5 yuan/department. The original painting Beijing 30 yuan per second, the actual price in the south is almost the same. It is conceivable that a child draws almost 100 pictures at his desk every day. If you think that these "senior wage earners" have considerable academic qualifications and art training, then you are all wet. On the contrary, they basically didn't go to college. In fact, few of them have been engaged in this profession since the age of 18. Most of them gave up their studies before and after graduating from junior high school and became the main force in the animation industry in China. The closure of the animation industry is unimaginable to outsiders. First of all, it is difficult to enter this industry. It's not that animation companies don't openly recruit. You can see the news of recruitment in the newspaper classification, but you can't pass the exam, even if you are a graduate of the Academy of Fine Arts. You don't have to be an animator, but you need an insider to guide you to practice drawing lines smoothly with mechanical pencil. It takes at least one month to pass the first level. Animation is only semi-mechanical labor, and many children can't make decent works after several years of animation. The original painting is usually upgraded from animation. Making original paintings is an animator's dream. After making the original painting, you can "eat spicy food". Making original paintings requires a certain art foundation, animation experience and the support of directors. There are only a handful of such people. Another point is the lack of innovation. Over the years, chinese comic creators have always attached great importance to creative individuality and unique creativity, and made unremitting efforts in the field of comic art expression. Many art cartoons have won international awards and enjoyed a high reputation. But cartoon is more of an entertainment film, and children like it because it can make them feel relaxed. "China has always emphasized entertaining. In fact, fun is fun, and cartoons are for people, especially for children. " Fu Zeng, chairman of the Cartoon Art Committee of China Television Artists Association, once said this. Regrettably, in the combination of animation art and entertainment, we have always lacked sufficient exploration and innovation. Finally, talk about industry structure. Too much investment in the processing industry with low knowledge content is a common problem in some industries. For example, the technology and accessories of computers, VCD players, CD production lines and even complete sets of equipment are all foreign. The result is that repeated work is paid and repeated construction is carried out. There is no own brand, and there is no brand, but the technology and raw materials are owned by others, which makes it more difficult to adjust the national industrial structure. The animation industry, which is born with the characteristics of knowledge economy, is in the creative stage in China today, but there are signs of repeating the same mistakes. There are nearly 100 units engaged in animation production in China, among which only several TV stations and film studios such as CCTV have the ability to create independently, and most other units have no ability to complete cartoons independently in terms of manpower and financial resources. Their business is mainly to undertake the drawing of processing cartoons, which belongs to processing business. Most of these units are located in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong. These domestic animation production companies are generally eager to undertake processing business from abroad, because our medium-term production cost is only about 6.5438+0 million yuan per minute, while the medium-term cost in Europe and America is as low as 3,000 US dollars and as high as 8,000 US dollars or 9,000 US dollars per minute. It is driven by this market interest that the animation processing industry in China has honed a high-level production team, and these companies have also achieved certain economic benefits, which is really gratifying. However, this kind of occupation with low knowledge content and little creativity has a production army of thousands of people. The medium-term processing business of animation industry is easy to produce on a large scale under the organizational form of the company, and there is market demand. Therefore, at the beginning of China's reform and opening up, some people at home and abroad began to set up animation production companies for commercial purposes, and formed today's scale, which is the result of the spontaneous role of the market; In recent years, the government's management of the film and television industry mainly focuses on movies and TV series, and the management of the animation industry is limited to the review of imported cartoons. In the past 20 years, so many animation production companies have been established, which eventually led to the asymmetric structure of China animation industry. It should be said that our government departments have neglected management for many years. These viewpoints fully reflect the characteristics and disadvantages of the animation industry, which is an urgent problem to be solved. If the industry is rectified, the quality of cartoons will follow.