Get a detailed explanation of the ancestral home, family background and origin of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of Ming Dynasty in history ~

Zhu Yuanzhang (October 21st, 1328-June 24th, 1398) was the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang was born at the end of September 18th (1328), the first year of Tianshun Emperor's calendar in Yuan Dynasty. Father Zhu Wusi (later changed to Shizhen) and mother Chen. Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestral home is Pei County, Jiangsu Province, and he is a gold digger. My grandfather moved to Jurong on the first day because he could not afford to pay for it, and then moved to Sizhou, and moved to Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui) to settle down when his father was there. Formerly known as Chongba, it was later changed to Xingzong. After participating in the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Zhu Deyu, and then Zhu Yuanzhang, with the word Guorui. Zhu Yuanzhang used to herd cattle for the landlord when he was young. In the fourth year of Zhengzheng (1344), when there was a drought in Huaibei, Zhu Yuanzhang's father, mother and brother died one after another, and he had to enter the Huangjue Temple as a child. Less than two months after entering the temple, due to the difficulty in renting the temple in famine years, the temple owner sealed the warehouse and dismissed the monks, so Zhu Yuanzhang had to leave his hometown to be a monk.

Catalogue

1 Uprising

2 Founding of the People's Republic of China

3 Women who were born martyrs

4 Evaluation

5 Marriage

6 Family List

6.1 Children

7 Legends

8 Related Items

[ Editor] Uprising

To the twelfth year (1355). In the 16th year of Zhengzheng (1356), Zhu Yuanzhang captured Jiqing (now Nanjing) and took it as his base, and renamed it Yingtianfu. Zhu Yuanzhang took Zhu Sheng's suggestion of "building a wall, accumulating grain and slowly claiming the king" and took steady offensive measures. With the support of the wealthy businessman Shen Wansan, he defeated the forces of Xu Shouhui, Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng. In the twenty-first year of Zhizheng (1361), Zhu Yuanzhang was made Duke of Wu by Han Liner, xiao ming wang. In 1364, he proclaimed himself the King of Wu.

[ Editor] Founding of the People's Republic of China

On the fourth day of the first month of the twenty-eighth year of Zhu Yuanzhang's reign (January 23, 1368), Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtian, with the name of the founding of the People's Republic of China and the title of Hongwu. Take Yingtian as "Nanjing" and Kaifeng as "Beijing". In July of the same year, General Xu Da conquered Dadu and the Yuan Dynasty fell. In the 14th year of Hongwu (1381), Yunnan was settled.

in the first year of Hongwu, the generals in Dafeng were princes. Six princes were first created, among which six generals and one minister were the founding fathers. They are: Li Shanchang, Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong, Feng Sheng and Deng Yu.

On the 1th day of the first month of the second year of Hongwu (February 16th, 1369), Zhu Yuanzhang was ordered to set up the Gongchen Temple in Jiming Mountain. At that time, he told the provincial minister in Zhongshu that "the political chaos at the end of the Yuan Dynasty was a disaster to all living things. I advocate righteousness in the city, with the whole town music. Following the rate of Yingxian crossing the river, he took Wuchang in the west, Gusu in the east, the Central Plains in the north, and Fujian and Guangzhou in Nanping. It took six years to get mixed. Every thought will follow each other, donate and drive, and open up the territory. There are * * * things that are not seen, and achievements are not reported. Remembering the merits, I am deeply concerned. Therefore, there is a temple of Si Ligongchen, and it is knighted in order to worship the statue. No one dies, but dies and is immortal. It is for those who are as valuable as the generals, who build a life of loyalty and courage, and death has endless glory; Although the body is dead, the name will never be erased. " On the third day of June, the Temple was built, and Zhu Yuanzhang personally appointed the rank of hero, headed by Xu Da, followed by Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong, Deng Yu, Tang He, Mu Ying, Hu Dahai, Feng Guoyong, Zhao Desheng, Geng Zaicheng, Hua Gao, Ding Dexing, Yu Tonghai, Zhang Desheng, Wu Liang, Wu Zhen, Cao Liangchen, Kang Maocai, Wu Fu, Mao Cheng and Sun Xing Zufan. The dead are sacrificed, and the living are empty. Liao Yong 'an, Yu Tonghai, Zhang Desheng, Sang Shijie, Geng Zaicheng, Hu Dahai and Ding Dexing are also entitled to the ancestral temple. This rank has been deleted repeatedly, and it is no longer the unit named by Hongwu in the second year.

Zhu Yuanzhang * * * had twenty-six sons, the eldest son was the Crown Prince, the rest were enfeoffed as kings, and one was enfeoffed as king from Sun, making him a national danger. Some of them guard the north to prevent Mongolian intrusion, and they are called border kings. They started from Liaodong in the east and arrived in Gansu in the west, each defending the frontier, such as Beiping (present-day Beijing), Zhu Quan Daning (present-day Daming City, Ningcheng County, Zhaowuda League, Inner Mongolia) and Xuanfu (present-day Xuanhua, Hebei Province), which are called the "Nine Kings of Defending the Border". The rest are scattered in the mainland. Such as Kaifeng in Zhouwang Town, Wuchang in Chuwang Town, Changsha in Tan Wang Zhen, Chengdu in Shuwang Town and Yanzhou in Luwang Town. Among the kings, the king of the northern border is the most powerful. For example, King Ning has 8, soldiers and 6, chariots. The power of the Prince of Yan and the King of Jin was particularly high, such as Feng Sheng, the Duke of Song and Fu Youde, the Duke of Ying, who were sent by the central authorities, were restrained by them, and even Zhu Yuanzhang allowed the two kings to expand their military power, only when the military affairs were important did they hear about it, but it directly led to the change of Emperor Jianwen's difficulties.

after the stability of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated a series of strict laws and regulations for the Ming dynasty, including Daming Law, to bind all the officials.

During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, a large number of illegal corrupt officials were executed, including Zhu Liangzu, the founding general, and Lun Ou Yang, the son-in-law's son-in-law. Among them, tens of thousands of officials were even killed because of the Guo Huan case and the air seal case. Due to Zhu Yuanzhang's strict bureaucracy, the corruption of officials was effectively curbed for a long time in the early Ming Dynasty.

Although Zhu Yuanzhang was strict with officials, he paid great attention to reducing the burden of ordinary people. During his administration, he basically realized frivolous taxation and helped the victims many times. Social productive forces have been greatly restored during its rule, and the population has grown steadily. He lived frugally and worked hard. There was no imperial garden in Nanjing Palace in Ming Dynasty, but only an imperial garden, which was full of vegetables and supplied to the palace.

Zhu Yuanzhang planned many times to explore Mongolia in the north to ensure the peace of the northern frontier. Great victory, and once successfully defeated Wang Baobao in Gansu, forced Naha to leave in the northeast, and almost captured the Yuan master Tuogustimur alive in the Mongolian Plateau.

In the thirty-first year of Hongwu, on the 1th day of May (June 24th, 1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died in Yingtian Palace. Bury Xiaoling Mausoleum in Purple Mountain.

[ Editor] The cruel system of martyrdom for women

After the Western Han Dynasty, it gradually disappeared in the Central Plains regime. But it was restored in the hands of Zhu Yuanzhang, and only the concubines and maids were buried. When Zhu Yuanzhang died, he gave birth to 46 people who served in the bedroom; More than 3 people were martyred by Cheng Zu, and more than 2,8 ladies-in-waiting were executed at one time because of the mystery of the death of Quan Xianfei. "Renzong" buried seven concubines; Xuanzong was martyred by ten people. The ethos of "chastity from martyrdom" was widely extended to the imperial clan, the official family and even the people, and it was not abolished until the British Sect. The way to kill martyred women is to hang them, and their families are called "Chaotian Women's Households" and give them certain treatment.

[ Editor] Evaluation

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The ugly face of Zhu Yuanzhang, which is circulated among the people, has always been a controversial figure. People who hold positive comments usually focus on cracking down on corruption and restoring the economy. In fact, it is recorded in history. However, those who hold negative comments mostly focus on killing the heroes. In the sixth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the Ministry of Industry to make an iron list and cast a decree of "forbidding princes", which was similar to the "casting the punishment tripod" in the Warring States period, in view of the fact that the founding fathers relied on merits to break the law and abused the countryside, which has vaguely revealed the signal of slaughter in the future. The later Hu Weiyong case actually became an excuse for Zhu Yuanzhang to purge the heroes. In the twenty-third year of Hongwu, Lu Zhongqian, a slave of Li Shanchang, denounced Li Shanchang's collusion with Hu Weiyong, and he was punished by "suspecting and watching both ends of his arms, which is a big mistake". Then he killed Lu Zhongheng, three Marquis of Tang Shengzong, Fei Ju and Zhao Xiong, and the heroes who were killed collectively and their families * * * amounted to more than 3, people, even "Mr. Four in East Zhejiang" could not be exempted. Zhu Yuanzhang also specially promulgated the Record of Revealing Traitors. In the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu, the Royal Guards commanded Jiang Xian to falsely accuse Aquamarine of rebellion, and even took over fifteen thousand people, killing almost all the generals who fought the world. At this time, they promulgated the Record of Rebellion, which showed a public, thirteen princes and two uncles. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1394), Zhu Yuanzhang killed Jiang Xiahou and Zhou Dexing. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1394), Fu Youde, the Lord protector of Ying, was killed. At the same time, he was also killed by the assistant commander of Aquamarine, Hou Wangbi of Dingyuan, who made meritorious service in the Battle of Fishing in Erhai. In the 28th year of Hongwu (1395), Zhu Yuanzhang killed Feng Sheng, the Duke of Song, the last surviving of the six founding dukes. Ministers only need to observe the emperor's clothes when he was in the DPRK that day, that is, they can know whether the emperor was in a good mood. "If the emperor looks at the DPRK, if he holds it as a chest, it will be a day to punish the foreigners and cover the widows. If he presses it, it will be a disgrace to the DPRK."

To sum up, it is an ironclad fact that Zhu Yuanzhang killed the hero, which also caused that during the Jingnan Battle, there were few veteran ministers who could be diligent in defending the king. The only heroes left were Cao Guogong Li Jinglong, Changxing Hou Tanghe, Wuding Hou Guoying, Changxing Hou Gengbingwen and others. Zhu Sheng, who once suggested to Zhu Yuanzhang that he should "build a wall, accumulate grain, and be king slowly", Hongwu retired for three years and specially asked the emperor for a "death-free coupon", but his son Zhu Tong was finally hanged.

In addition to the hero of the massacre, Zhu Yuanzhang also killed literati. In Wu Han's Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang, a list of the murdered literati was listed: "Professor Su Boheng of Chuzhou commented on death with a watch; TaiChangQing Zhang Yu sat down and threw himself into the river (note, he didn't commit suicide by jumping into the river, but tied it up and threw it into the Yangtze River); Henan Zuobuzheng made Xu Ben die in prison; Suzhou experienced Sun You; Once painted aquamarine, Wang Meng, the magistrate of Tai 'an Prefecture, visited Hu Weiyong and looked at paintings in Hu's family. Wang Xing was a guest of aquamarine family, and all of them were killed in a party case. Guo Kui once participated in Zhu Wenzheng's military, Wen Zheng was killed, and Kui also died; Wang Yi died in the Wei Guan case; Meng Zhang, Shandong's deputy envoy, Fu Shu, a magistrate of Boye County, and Xie Su, a Fujian magistrate, all died by accident. Zhao Jie, who was in the He Zhen shogunate, died on the way to being arrested. He was a guest in Zhang Shicheng, and planned to go to Dai Liang, who was expanding Timur, and committed suicide for fear of sin. Immortal, such as Zhang Xuan, who once wrote the History of the Yuan Dynasty, moved to Haozhou; Yang Ji was punished as hard labor; Usdow's banishment is far-reaching; It is very lucky that Gu Dehui and his son moved to Haoliang after their death in Zhang Shicheng. "

Although Ming Taizu flaunted retro, he learned most of his systems from Mongolia, the court staff and chastising officials from Mongolia, and the legal system from Mongolia, which violated the old saying that punishment is not as good as a doctor. In addition, like Mongols, in order to mobilize the whole society, he attaches great importance to the census, and everyone has a fixed obligation. Every minister is a retainer first, and then a minister. Don't change jobs casually, which is learned from Genghis Khan's ten-household system. In the past, ministers didn't have to kneel in court, but in the Ming Dynasty, so The Ming dynasty emperors was absolutely autocratic.

[ Editor] Marriage

The queen of Zhu Yuanzhang is known as Ma Huanghou Bigfoot. She was the adopted daughter of Guo Zixing, the commander of the Red Scarf Army at that time. Some scholars have analyzed that Zhu Yuanzhang's grumpy personality in his later years had a lot to do with Ma Huanghou's death.

[ Editor] Family List

Father Ren Zuchun Emperor Zhu Shizhen (formerly known as Zhu Wusi)

Mother Chun Queen Chen

Brothers and sisters

Zhu Xinglong, Nanchang Wang

Filial piety queen Ma Shi, Suzhou native, father Ma Gong, mother Zheng Wei (male and female informal names), adopted daughter of Guo Zixing. He died in 1382 and lived at the age of 51. He was appointed as the empress of filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety and benevolence.

Princess:

Sun Shi, the imperial concubine of Cheng Mu, was born in Chenzhou and died in 1374 at the age of 32. Brother Sun Fan, the adopted daughter of Marshal Ma Shixiong.

Shu Fei Li is from Shouzhou, and her father is Li Jie.

Ning Fei Guo, born in Haozhou, has her father Guo Shanfu and her brothers Guo Xing and Guo Ying.

Guo Huifei, Guo Zixing's own daughter

Jiang Guifei

Zhao Jing's concubine Hu

Shuo Fei, Korean tribute woman

Zheng Anfei

Zhuang Jing 'an Rong Huifei Cui Shi

Da Dingfei

Hu Shunfei

Ren Shunfei, Korean

Li Jieyu. ), died in 1392, and Zhu Yunwen, the eldest son, was made the great grandson of the emperor, following Ming Taizu's throne

Zhu Shang, the second son, King Qin Cheng (from Empress Xiaocigao)

Zhu, the third son, King Jin Gong (from Empress Xiaocigao)

Zhu Di, the fourth son, and Ming Chengzu (from Empress Xiaocigao) < Yongle dynasty was abolished as Shu Ren)

Zhu Zi (1369-139), Bazi, Tan Wang (Da Dingfei went out; Hong Wuchao died of self-immolation)

Zhu Qi, nine sons, Zhao Wang (young sorrow)

Zhu Tan, ten sons, the king of Lu Huang (Guo Ningfei)

Zhu Chun (1371-1423), eleven sons, the king of Shu Xian (Guo Huifei)

Zhu Bai (1371) King Su Zhuang (from Gao's family)

Zhu Zhi, fifteen sons, King Liao Jian (from Han Fei)

Zhu Xi, sixteen sons, King Qing Jing (from Yu Fei)

Zhu Quan, seventeen sons, King Ning Xian (from Yang Fei)

Zhu Kun, eighteen sons. Yongle dynasty was abolished as Shu Ren)

Zhu Song, 2 sons, Xianwang Han (from Zhou Fei)

Mo Zhu, 21 sons, Shen Jianwang (from Zhao Guifei)

Zhu Ying, 22 sons, An Huiwang

Zhu Di, 23 sons, and Tang Dingwang (from Li Xianfei) < p Twenty-five sons, King Ili (from Princess Gelifei)

Zhu Nan, twenty-six sons.

Daughter-in-law

Prince Zhu Biao marries Chang Yuchun daughter;

Emperor Zhu Di married Xu Da's daughter

Tan Wang Zhu Zi married Xian's daughter;

Zhu Tan, king of Lu, married Tang He's daughter;

Zhu Shang, the king of Qin, married Wang Baobao's sister (the daughter of Mu 'er's family in the Yuan Dynasty) as the official princess, and Deng Yu's daughter as the second princess.

Zhu Gui, the king of Qin, married Xu Da's second daughter.

An Wang Zhu Ying marries a young girl from Xu Da;

Wang Zhu Dong married Guo Yingnv

Princess

Princess Lin 'an. In 1376, he married Li Qi (? -143), died in 1421.

Princess Ningguo, the empress of filial piety and goodness, married Mei Yin, the son of Hou Mei Sizu in Runan in 1378, and died in 1434.

Princess Chongning married Niucheng in 1384, and she didn't live long.

Princess Anqing, the mother of filial piety and filial piety, married Lun Ou Yang in 1381.

Princess Runing married Lu Xian, the son of Zhong Heng, Hou Lu of Ji 'an in 1382.

Princess Huaiqing, whose mother was Mu Guifei Sun Shi, married Hou Wangning in Yongchun in 1382 and her son Wang Zhenliang.

Princess Daming married Hou Lijian of Luancheng in 1382, and died in 1426, with her son Lizhuang.

Fuqing Princess, whose mother was an Anfei Zheng, married Fengxiang Hou Zhang Longzi Zhang Lin in 1385. I have no heir and no death. In the fifteenth year of Yongle (1417), he died.

Princess Shouchun married Fu Zhong, the son of Ying Guogong Fu Youde, in the 19th year of Hongwu (1386) and died in 1388.

ten princesses, early warning.

Princess Nankang, in the 21st year of Hongwu (1388), married Hou Hu Haizi Hu Guan of Dongchuan (hanged himself) and died in 1438.

Princess Yongjia, whose mother was Hui Fei Guo, was married to Guo Yingzi, a marquis of Wuding in 1389, and died in 1455.

13th princess, good morning.

Princess Hanshan, the mother of Korean princess Han, married Yin Qing in the 27th year of Hongwu (1394).