Please find me the translation of "Book of Jin: Twenty Biographies"

Yu Jun, courtesy name Shanfu, was born in Yanling, Yingchuan (now Yanling County, Henan). His grandfather, Yu Cheng, was talented and knowledgeable. He was recruited by Situ (official name) of the Han Dynasty, and he did not accept the recruitment of wise people by the imperial court. Yu Jun's son Yu Yi was upright and simple, and served as a servant (official title) in the Wei Dynasty. His father, Yu Dao, was honest and retired, and could not insist on becoming an official. Some of the cows and horses at home liked to kick and bite people. Yu Dao was worried that they would hurt people, so he never took them to the market to sell. When his sons were all prominent, the imperial court appointed him as Taizhong doctor. Yu Jun has been studious and quick-thinking since he was a child. When I traveled to the capital, I heard that Su Lin, a regular servant of the Wei Dynasty, was old and sick at home, so I went to visit him. Su Lin was once a student of Yu Cheng. After seeing Yu Jun, he burst into tears and said after a long time: "Your grandfather is very talented, and he has a humble and conciliatory character. He is kind and kind, caring for everyone, quiet and inactive, without extravagant desires. When he was alive, They don't run the family business, they just cultivate their virtues. There used to be fifty or sixty thousand households in Yanling, but I heard that there are only a few hundred households now. Your uncle and father have been through war since they were young, and they are still alive today. Your uncle is here. You are the pillars of the country now, and you brothers are very talented. This is all due to your grandfather's merit."

Yu Junli was a meritorious official in Yingchuan County and was recommended to be Ji Yu. Name), Yuzhou appointed him as (official name). Taichangqing Zheng Miao was very impressed when he saw Yu Jun and recommended him to be a doctor (official name). At that time, academic circles focused on Zhuangzi and Laozi but despised Confucian classics and history. Yu Jun was worried that Confucianism could not be promoted and developed, so he devoted himself to studying Confucian classics. It happened that Duke Gaogui came to Taixue and asked Yu Jun about the meaning of "Shang Shu". Yu Jun quoted the teacher's point of view, explained the main purpose of "Shang Shu", answered the questions and incomprehensibility, and gave a very detailed answer. Promoted to Secretary Cheng (official title). There was a big case in Chang'an at that time, which could not be decided for a long time, so the imperial court appointed Yu Jun as Shi Yushi (official title) to go to the trial. People inside and outside the court praised his fairness. Emperor Wu of Jin came to the throne and named him Marquis of Guanzhong. He was promoted to Sikong Changshi (official title), then Secretary Supervisor and Yushi Zhongcheng (all official titles). He was also appointed Shizhong (official title) and admonished doctor (official title). ). He often served the emperor and explained the Book of Songs to him. He Shao, the concubine (official title), talked about "Feng" and "Ya" Zhengbian (referring to the Zhengfeng, Zhengya and Bianfeng, Bianya and following them in the Book of Songs). Yu Jun came back and forth to ask questions about the great righteousness of his works, but no one sitting here could refute him.

The customs at that time were in competition with each other, and the ethos of courtesy was not carried forward. Yu Jun Shangshu said:

I heard that the character of the people in Li is that there are many people but too few capable people; if official positions are divided, there will be few official positions and too many capable people. To create more official positions because there are many capable people is to hinder education; to abandon the capable people because there are not too many official positions is not in line with the Dao. Therefore, when sage emperors govern the world, some people let them serve as officials, while others let them live in seclusion, depending on their character. So now there are people who serve as officials in the court, and there are people who live in seclusion in the mountains and forests. Those who serve as officials in the dynasty assist the monarch and educate the world, just as a person has legs, arms, and a heart, which are an inseparable whole. People who live in seclusion in the mountains and forests wear coarse clothes, carry precious jade (a metaphor for talent), and live in seclusion in the hills and countryside. Their moral integrity is far higher than that of others. They despised the trappings of title and preserved their ambitions by avoiding shame. Being at the lowest level, one can be content even though one has not accomplished anything. Their cleanliness and nobleness are enough to curb corruption, and their forbearance and concession are enough to calm trivial disputes. Therefore, those who were officials in the court were happy when they heard about their deeds, and even refused to accept the title when they were about to be appointed. This is the value of people who live in seclusion in the mountains and ministers who do not want to be overly favored. The ancient emperors praised these people. Although they are far away from the mortal world, their moral conduct is in line with the Holy Lord's ideas; although their behavior is different from that of court officials, their achievements are still beneficial to national affairs. Therefore, the recognition of hermits ranges from giving jade and silk to being recruited as an official, and secondly, issuing a few sticks, so that they can embody their virtues and have the choice of serving as an official or living in seclusion. If there are many talented people in the court, there will also be many gentlemen in the opposition. This is what the ancient emperors wanted to carry forward.

The Qin Dynasty abolished this method (selecting officials) and became an official with benefits. Although some people have the reputation of being virgins but do not serve as officials in the court and have no title, Shang Yang calls these people "six scorpions" and Han Fei calls them "five beetles". People at that time didn't know how to cultivate virtue, they only knew how to pursue official positions.

Therefore, if a commoner became an official, he would dare to bully the local people, and if a junior official was granted a title, he would dare to look down on his father and brother. Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty corrected this method and did the opposite. Xiao He and Cao Shen were appointed to govern the country, and "Si Hao" who lived in seclusion in Nanshan was given high priority. With Zhang Liang's great achievements, he was ranked behind Shusun Tong; Jiaoxi Gaigong's status was low, and Cao Shen, the prime minister, consulted him on political affairs. The emperor respected the virtuous people above, and the mortals below also returned to their original customs. Therefore, among the ten people including Uncle Tian, ??none of the ministers in the Han Dynasty were more talented than them, and they never pursued high positions and generous salaries. For a noble man like Zhang Shizhi, he wore socks for Wang Sheng in the court, and he was even more respected. If the king hadn't advocated virtue and universal love, how could he have wiped out the world and created such a big situation?

If we do not get rid of the disadvantages of the Hundred Kings, but only emphasize the policy of saving the world, scholars will be more intelligent than others and crowd into the court, and those who practice martial arts will rely on their strength to strive for victory. The official position has been high, but he is still not satisfied; his merits have been commended, but he still wants to be rewarded. In addition, the country does not have a system for appointing officials based on merit, and there is no custom among the people that it is difficult to advance but to retreat. Once the official position is high, even if there is no merit, he will not be demoted. Even if he loses the battle, he will still be appointed. Therefore, if you are promoted because of this, the hermit's path to becoming an official will be blocked. In addition, there is no system for officials to follow in terms of rewards, punishments, promotions and demotions. Therefore, the world attaches great importance to competition and ignores concessions. Scholars all over the world only know about promotion and do not know about retirement. The monarch is confused by the changing customs, his administration is disturbed by the words of the people, and he loses the standard of justice. How can he still distinguish right from wrong? Who is pure and who is foul? In the past, the late emperor was worried that obtaining those things that the world relied on would become a disadvantage now. Therefore, after the achievements are completed, the old customs must be reformed and the teachings must be changed. Although ministers are employed with official titles and salaries, their ministers will not engage in corruption and arrogance; even though they rely on military force to achieve achievements, the king will not regret the misuse of force.

I think that in ancient times, officials retired at the age of seventy. Now, if they are not the senior officials of the country and the senior officials of the three departments (Sima, Situ, and Sikong), they can retire at the age of seventy, so the officials will have no time. Suspected of taking salary. After your parents reach eighty years old, you can let them go home to support you, because the greatest filial piety is to serve your parents. Officials who have failed to achieve political performance in multiple assessments will be barred from serving as officials for life according to the ancient system. This will prevent officials from pursuing useless policies. The official position can be small but not big, and can be demoted or demoted. This will allow people to make a difference. The king appoints people according to etiquette and removes people according to etiquette, and his ministers also accept officials and titles based on their talents. For example, the filial son Wang Yang abandoned his official position when he arrived at Jiuzhisan. For example, the upright official Gongyu never served as an official again once he was dismissed. For example, Wang Sun, who knew what to stop, and Shu Guang, who was content, abandoned his official position and lived in the fields. When talking to the elderly, talk about loving things; when talking to children, talk about filial piety. Their words are in line with the country's policies, and their actions are praised by adults. Abandoning powerful forces is like taking off shoes, and passers-by are moved to tears; they bid farewell to the emperor's favor, and their determination is as solid as gold and stone, and ordinary people are moved by it. Therefore, the late emperor allowed them to retire (or retire), and the saint thought their approach was valuable.

Human nature likes to climb upward, just like water's nature likes to flow downward. If water keeps filling up, it will burst, and if people keep climbing, they will get into trouble. If you start as a commoner with bad conduct, you may die as a nobleman who loses the battle, so you have to be cautious. Everyone below is eager to climb up, and those above should remove those who are extremely eager by giving in. Although concession cannot be used like punishment, it is better to allow those court officials who are willing to retire to realize their ambitions, and to welcome those hermits who are willing to become officials to come out. Don't let people enter the court and never leave, and once they go into seclusion, they can never come back. In this way, officialdom and seclusion alternate with each other, and a balance is achieved. There will be no more fights, and the world can be enlightened.

Yu Jun hated the glitz and glamor of the time and did not pay attention to reputation. He wrote articles to criticize. There are too many words to record them one by one. When Taishi (the reign name of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty) died in the ninth year, the imperial court issued an edict to give him a court dress, a set of shrouds, and 300,000 yuan. When he was about to die, he told his son Yu Min that if he died in the morning, he should be buried in the evening, wearing a scarf and cloth, and not to choose a special day when he was buried. Yu Min complied with his will and buried him according to the standards of the time. He has two sons: Yu Min and Yu Qixun.

Yu Min's courtesy name is Ziju. He is simple and studious by nature, and he is loyal and tolerant.

He once served as a regular servant of Sanqi, a Zhongzheng of his own country, and a servant of Zhongzhong, and was granted the title of Baron Changcen. Emperor Huai of Jin was captured by Liu Yuanhai, and Yu Min followed Emperor Huai of Jin in Pingyang. Liu Yuanhai held a big banquet and asked Emperor Huai of Jin to persuade him to drink. Yu Min was very sad and angry. He knelt down to offer wine to Emperor Huai of Jin and cried loudly. Liu Yuanhai's people hated him very much. It happened that someone reported that Yu Min, Wang Jun and others were plotting against Liu Kun, so Liu Yuanhai planned to kill Emperor Huai of Jin, and Yu Min and others were killed together. At first, when Luoyang had not yet fallen, Yu Min was a minister and was on duty in the palace. He said to his colleague Xu Xia: "The world is like this. There will be disaster. I will die in this room!" At this point, He was not spared in the end. At the end of Taiyuan (the reign name of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty), the imperial court gave him the posthumous title "Zhen".

Yu Qixun's courtesy name is Zisong. He is less than seven feet tall, but his belt has ten girths, making him very elegant. He once served as the Prime Minister of Chenliu (name of place) (name of official position). He never worried about trivial matters. He was calm and cheerful, and he was just gentle on the surface. He is alone among the crowd. He once read "Laozi" and "Zhuangzi" and said: "It coincides with my thoughts." Taiwei Wang Yan thought highly of him.

Yu Qixun saw that the court was in trouble and knew that there would be a catastrophe in the end, so he wrote "Yi Fu" to express his feelings, just like Jia Yi's "Serving Birds". Its content is: "The ultimate principle is unified, and honor and disgrace are all the same. Life and death have been unified, so why sigh after death. Things are settled in the beginning without a beginning, and they will be verified when the time comes. If the four sections How can it be far away now that there is a long life and a long life? Or maybe the ancestors were not separated at first, and the great virtues died because of their will. Built. The real people are tired and filthy. They are wandering in the courtyard of the vast expanse, and they are in a lonely pavilion. It's like half of a heroic spirit. It's floating in the vast wilderness, and it's deep and smooth. It's merged with nature, and the liquid suddenly disperses." His nephew Yu Liang saw this poem and asked him: "It seems that there is still meaning, which cannot be expressed by Fu; if there is no meaning, why write it?" Yu Qixun replied: "The meaning is between existence and non-existence!" He was promoted to official official. At that time, the world was in trouble and many chaos occurred, so Yu Qixun often remained silent and did nothing. He was appointed as the military officer (official title) of Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea, and was changed to the military counselor and wine minister. At that time, Sima Yue had many talented people, but Yu Qi stayed among them and often did nothing. Guo Xiang, a native of Henan who was the chief pastor of Yuzhou, was good at "Lao" and "Zhuang". People at the time thought he was the second Wang Bi. Yu Qixun knew him very well and always said: "Why should Guo Zixuan (Guo Xiang's courtesy name Zixuan) be higher than me, Hezisong?" Guo Xiang later served as the chief registrar of the Taifu and held great power. Yu Qixun said to Guo Xiang: "You are indeed a great talent in this world. All the ambitions of my generation and others have been wiped out."

Yu Qixun had a great reputation and was recommended by the gentry at that time. However, after amassing money, Hoarding wealth is ridiculed. When the official was engaged in the matter of Wen Qiao's memorial to him, Yu Qixun instead valued Wen Qiao even more. He believed that Wen Qiao was like a luxuriant pine tree thousands of feet high. Although it was bumpy and gnarled, if placed in a building, it could serve as a pillar. At that time, Liu Yu was highly regarded by the imperial court in Yue, and most of the scholars were slandered and framed by him. Only Yu Qixun was outside the affairs, and there was no reason to frame him. Later, Liu Yu found out that he was frugal by nature and his family was rich, so he advised Sima Yue to send someone to exchange him for 10 million yuan, thinking that he might be stingy and refused to exchange, so this would be an opportunity to frame him. Sima Yue asked Yu Qi Xun in the crowd, but Yu Qi Xun was already very drunk. His turban fell on the table and he put it on with his head. He slowly replied: "I have 20 million in my family. You can take it." Liu Yu finally convinced him. Sima Yue was very happy and said: "You can't judge a gentleman with a villain's heart." Wang Yan did not interact with Yu Qixun, but Yu Qixun still greeted him politely. Wang Yan said: "You can't do this." Yu Qixun said: "I treat you the way you treat me, and I greet you the way I treat you. I use my family methods, and you use yours." Wang Yan was amazed. . Shi Le rebelled, and both Yu Qixun and Wang Yan were killed at the age of fifty.