Introduction of Wenzhou local architecture?

Speaking of Wenzhou vernacular architecture, the most famous ones are the Yuhai Tower, Nange Archway Group, Shengjing Shanshitang, Guoan Temple Tower and other landmark buildings in Ningbo. Ningbo has a profound cultural background and a long history and culture. It is a typical water town and seaport city in the south of the Yangtze River. It is the southern end of China's Grand Canal and the eastern origin port of the Maritime Silk Road. Among them, Ningbo Port, the most representative port in Ningbo, was rated as "the top five ports in the world" by Container International, an authoritative magazine of international ports and shipping. The following is the information about Wenzhou architecture compiled by Zhong Da Architectural Consulting Company for architects. The details are as follows:

Wenzhou Local Architecture —— Guoan Temple Tower

Brief introduction of Guoan Temple Tower:

Guoan Temple Tower is located in Huang 'ao, Yaoxi Town. It was built in Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty from five to eight years (1090- 1093). Pavilion-style stone tower, hexagonal in plane, nine-story solid. The top of the tower has long been destroyed. The remaining height is about17m.

Wenzhou Local Architecture —— Guoan Temple Tower

The architectural history of Guoan Temple Tower;

The Thousand-Buddha Pagoda of Guoan Temple, with its tall and straight posture, is hidden in my valley. It has experienced the vicissitudes of years and bears a heavy context. The history of Guoan Temple Tower is not officially recorded in the historical records, and it is also a passing of the temple. Ming Hongzhi's "Wenzhou Fuzhi" contains: "Gai Hua Township built Koukuning, and Tang Ganfu was built in four years."

The "Yongjia County Records" in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty only recorded: "Guoan Temple was built between Fu Ying Township and Tanggan Mansion." It can be seen that Guoan Temple lost its momentum in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Although these local chronicles mentioned the date of the temple's construction, they did not mention the stone pagoda, which made the story of Guoan Temple pagoda confusing.

It was not until 1987 that several ancient inscriptions were found in the tower, and the story of the tower was completely presented to the world. The stone pagoda was built in Wu Geng (1090) in the fifth year of Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty and completed in the summer of Gui You (1093) in the eighth year, which lasted for four years.

Wenzhou Local Architecture —— Guoan Temple Tower

Architectural features of Guoan Temple Tower;

Guo 'an Temple Tower is solemn and elegant, beautifully carved, with high historical significance and scientific and artistic value.

Approaching the tower, the reporter saw that the stone in the tower was bluish gray, giving people a sense of majesty. The whole tower is divided into nine floors, which is a solid structure that cannot be boarded, and consists of three parts: base, tower body and tower gate.

The stone pagoda is a pavilion-style bluestone imitation wood structure with a hexagonal plane and a nine-level solid tower body. The ninth tower gate of the tower was damaged. 1987 Repair. Now the total tower height 19.79 meters. The base is in the form of two-story Sumitomo, and the bottom is carved with 938 seascape. On the platform of the third to ninth floors, there are also carved patterns of the 938 Sea, which are rare in similar towers. The pattern of "938 Sea" appeared in the Tang Dynasty and became the fixed material of stone carving in the Song Dynasty.

In Song Dynasty, it was called "Water Wave" and "Baoshan" in "Building French Style". Looking closely, the 938 seascape of Guoan Temple Tower is undulating and choppy, but each spray sculpture is different and very realistic, as if the whole tower grew from the sea. It is engraved with lotus petals, rich and full. In the center of each Sumi Mountain, lions and beasts of different shapes are carved in high relief, which is lifelike and lifelike. The upper and lower owls of Xumi Mountain are engraved with the faces of lions and beasts, covered with lotus flowers, and the waist is embossed all around. Inside the Taxin Temple, layers of stone tablets and Buddhist scriptures engraved on stone tablets are rare for similar buildings in China. It is an important example to study the stone carving art of the Northern Song Dynasty and the spread of Buddhism in the South.

There are Buddha statues in the reliefs of each tower, and the 1062 Buddha statues use * * *, which is exquisite in carving technology and well preserved. Except for fingerprints, they are all made into a bun. Sitting in rows on lotus seats or sumeru seats in the door, and carved with body lights and hanging curtains. It coincides with the inscription in the underground palace of the tower body that "the sage robbed the Buddha like a thousand bodies, re-carved Sakyamuni and Duobao, and sat in the two buddhas, covering the fate of Fahua and Yongxian", so it is called "Thousand Buddha Pagoda".

Wenzhou Local Architecture —— Guoan Temple Tower

Present situation of Guoan Temple Tower:

From Wu Geng, Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty (1090) to 198 1 June1,Guoan Temple Tower was announced as the first batch of Wenzhou municipal cultural relics protection units, which lasted for thousands of years. At this time, the Guoan Temple Tower is like an old man who has experienced many vicissitudes: there are obvious cracks in the southeast corner of the tower from bottom to top, and some components are incomplete, especially the top of the tower is basically missing, which is in danger of collapse. Fortunately, it was overhauled in 1987, and the tower gate was restored in that year. 1989 the transformation of the bottom wooden structure restored the whole picture when it was originally built. 1989 65438+February 12. The stone pagoda of Guoan Temple was announced by the provincial government as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit. 20 13 was announced by the State Council as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units in May.

Since then, Longwan District has started the restoration of Guoan Temple Tower. 20 13 12, design and construction drawings of Zhejiang Ancient Architecture Design and Research Institute, and Linhai Ancient Architecture Engineering Company undertakes maintenance. During the renovation, the maintenance unit adopted new materials such as modified glutinous rice mortar prepared by Zhejiang University experts, and the provincial and municipal cultural relics bureaus sent personnel to visit the site. After half a year's efforts, the restoration of the Guoan Temple Tower was completed.

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