Want to know what side effects psychotropic drugs have on human body, and what sequela will they bring?

1. sololol (commonly known as paroxetine hydrochloride tablets)

Treat all kinds of depression. Including depression with anxiety and reactive depression. Common depressive symptoms: fatigue, sleep disorder, lack of interest and pleasure in daily activities, loss of appetite. Treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. Common obsessive-compulsive symptoms: feeling repeated and persistent thoughts, impulses or imagination that can cause obvious anxiety, thus leading to repeated behavior or psychological activities. Treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Common panic attack symptoms: palpitation, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, tingling and dying feeling. Treat social phobia/social anxiety. Anxiety symptoms: palpitation, sweating, shortness of breath, etc. Usually manifested as obvious or persistent fear of one or more social situations or manifestations, which leads to avoidance. After the curative effect is satisfactory, continuing to take this product can prevent the recurrence of depression, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

If you take it orally, it is recommended to take it at breakfast every day. Take the tablets completely and don't chew them. Adult depression and social phobia/social anxiety: the general dose is 20mg per day. After taking it for 2-3 weeks, according to the patient's reaction, the dose 10mg was increased every week. The maximum daily dose can reach 50mg, which should be in accordance with the doctor's advice.

Excessive medication can cause prolonged P-Q interval, nausea, vomiting, dilated pupils, dry mouth, irritability, headache, dizziness, muscle tremor or convulsion, so symptomatic treatment and supportive therapy should be taken.

2. Zhuofu (commonly known as risperidone tablets)

Can be used for treating acute and chronic schizophrenia and other psychotic states with obvious positive symptoms (such as hallucination, delusion, thinking disorder, hostility and suspicion) and obvious negative symptoms (such as unresponsiveness, apathy, social indifference and reticence). It can also relieve emotional symptoms related to schizophrenia (such as depression, guilt and anxiety). For patients with effective treatment in acute phase, this product can continue to play its clinical effect in maintenance period.

Common adverse reactions associated with taking this product include insomnia, anxiety, agitation, headache and dry mouth.

Less common adverse reactions include: drowsiness, fatigue, decreased attention, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred vision, abnormal erection of penis, difficulty in erection, ejaculation weakness, sexual apathy, urinary incontinence, rhinitis, rash and other allergic reactions.

May cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as muscle tension, tremor, rigidity, salivation, bradykinesia, akathisia and acute dystonia. It can be eliminated by reducing the dose or giving drugs against Parkinson's syndrome.

Occasionally, there will be symptoms of (postural) hypotension, (reflex) tachycardia or hypertension.

Those who switch from other antipsychotics to this product: When starting to use, the original antipsychotics should be gradually stopped. If the patient originally used long-acting antipsychotics, risperidone can be used instead of the next course of medication. The use of anti-Parkinson's drugs should be re-evaluated periodically. Adults: the dose should be gradually increased to 3mg twice a day for more than three days. The initial dose for patients with acute or chronic schizophrenia should be 1 mg twice a day. The next day, it should be increased to 2 mg twice a day; On the third day, it should be increased to 3mg twice a day. After that, this dose can be kept unchanged or further adjusted according to individual circumstances. Generally speaking, the best dosage is 2-4 mg twice a day. Doses exceeding 5mg twice a day are not more effective than low doses, and can cause extrapyramidal symptoms. Because the dose is more than twice a day, the safety of 8mg once has not been studied, so it should not exceed the standard when used. When it is necessary to increase sedation, benzodiazepines can be added. Elderly people: It is recommended that the initial dose be 0.5mg twice a day. According to individual needs, the dosage is gradually increased to 1-2 mg twice a day. Before gaining more experience, the elderly should use risperidone with caution. Patients with kidney disease and liver disease: it is suggested that the initial dose be 0.5mg twice a day. According to individual needs, the dosage is gradually increased to 1-2 mg twice a day. Before gaining more experience, patients with kidney disease and liver disease should use risperidone with caution.

Patients with cardiovascular diseases (such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, abnormal conduction, dehydration, blood loss, cerebrovascular diseases, etc.) should use it with caution, starting with a small dose and gradually increasing the dose (see usage and dosage).

Because this product has α receptor blocking activity, postural hypotension will occur at the initial stage of administration and when the administration speed is too fast, so the dosage should be reduced.

Similar to other drugs with dopamine receptor antagonist properties, it can lead to tardive dyskinesia, which is characterized by rhythmic voluntary movement mainly in the tongue and face. If tardive dyskinesia occurs, all antipsychotics should be stopped.

It has been reported that taking classic anti-sperm drugs will lead to malignant symptoms, such as high fever, muscle stiffness, trembling, consciousness change and increased creatine phosphokinase level. At this time, all antipsychotic drugs including this product should be stopped.

Patients with Parkinson's syndrome should use this product with caution, because in theory, it will worsen the condition.

Classical antipsychotics can lower the threshold of epilepsy, so patients with epilepsy should still use this product with caution.

Patients taking this product should avoid overeating to avoid getting fat.

In view of the effect of this product on the central nervous system, it should be used with caution when combined with other drugs that act on the central nervous system.

This product has an impact on activities that need vigilance. Therefore, patients are advised not to drive or operate machines until they know their sensitivity to drugs.

3. Leyou (commonly known as Paroxetine Hydrochloride Tablets) Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Can be used for treating depression. It can also be used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder or social anxiety disorder.

Gastrointestinal discomfort may occur, such as nausea, anorexia and diarrhea. Headache, anxiety, weakness, lethargy, insomnia, dizziness, etc. It could happen. Rare adverse reactions include allergic skin rash and sexual hypofunction. However, withdrawal syndrome may occur after drug withdrawal, such as insomnia, anxiety, nausea, sweating, dizziness or abnormal sensation.

Oral treatment of depression, once 20mg, once a day 1 time. To treat obsessive-compulsive disorder, the initial dose is 20mg per day, and it is gradually increased according to the condition, and it is 10mg per week. The therapeutic dose is 20 mg to 60 mg per day, which is taken orally in batches. Used to treat panic disorder and social anxiety disorder, the initial dose is 10mg per day, and it is gradually increased in steps of 10mg per week according to the illness. The therapeutic dose is 20 mg to 50 mg per day, which is taken orally in batches.

Patients with angle-closure glaucoma, epilepsy and hepatic and renal insufficiency should use it with caution or reduce the dose.

When there is a tendency to turn to manic attacks, stop taking the medicine immediately.

It is not advisable to drive, operate machinery or work at high altitude during medication.

Children, pregnant women and lactating women: use with caution.

Old people: reduce the dosage as appropriate, and the daily dosage should not exceed 40mg.

4. Bosiqing (Aripiprazole Tablets) Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

Can be used for treating schizophrenia.

Patients with cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, heart failure or abnormal conduction), patients with cerebrovascular diseases or conditions that induce hypotension (dehydration, hypovolemia and antihypertensive drug treatment) should be used with caution.

Use with caution when you have a history of epilepsy or have a low threshold of epilepsy (such as Alzheimer's disease).

Patients should be warned to drive carefully.

Patients at risk of aspiration pneumonia should use this product with caution.

Oral administration 1 time per day, for adults: once a day. The initial dose was 10mg. After 2 weeks, the dose can be gradually increased according to the individual efficacy and tolerance, and the maximum dose can be increased to 30mg. After that, this dose can remain unchanged. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 30 mg.

How to take it: Keep your hands dry, quickly take out the tablets and put them on your tongue. Aripiprazole orally disintegrating tablets can disintegrate in a few seconds, and take effect by swallowing without water or with only a small amount of water. Patients should not try to separate or chew tablets.

5. Benzoyl hydrochloride tablets

This product is a central anticholinergic and anti-Parkinson's disease drug, which can selectively block the cholinergic nerve pathway in the striatum, but has little effect on the periphery, thus helping to restore the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain of Parkinson's disease patients and improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease patients.

Clinically used for Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's syndrome. It can also be used for extrapyramidal diseases caused by drugs.

Tremor paralysis caused by tremor paralysis, encephalitis or arteriosclerosis is effective in improving salivation, but ineffective in relieving rigidity and bradykinesia, and obviously improving tremor, but the overall curative effect is not as good as that of levodopa and amantadine. Mainly used for patients with mild and intolerant levodopa. (participating in levodopa combination)

Extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs reserpine and phenothiazine (except tardive dyskinesia).

Hepatolenticular degeneration.

Oral administration of Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's syndrome: at first, 1~2mg(0.5~ 1 tablet), and then increase it by 2mg( 1 tablet) every 3~5 days until the curative effect is the best and there are no side effects, generally not exceeding 10mg(5 tablets) a day, with 3 points. The maximum dose is 20 mg per day (10 tablets).

Drug-induced extrapyramidal diseases: take 2~4mg( 1~2 tablets) for 2~3 times on the first day, and then gradually increase to 5~ 10mg(2.5~5 tablets) according to needs and tolerance.

Long-term application in the elderly is easy to cause glaucoma. Therefore, elderly patients should be reduced as appropriate. Patients with arteriosclerosis are prone to mental disorders, disorientation, anxiety, hallucinations and psychotic symptoms when taking commonly used anti-Parkinson's drugs. It should be used with caution.

The common symptoms are dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention and constipation. Long-term use can lead to drowsiness, depression, memory loss, hallucinations and confusion.

Is it a side effect of the above psychotropic drugs that the neck doesn't listen for a while, goes up and down for a while or so?

It is a side effect of drugs-extrapyramidal reaction.

The extrapyramidal system is an integral part of the human motion system, and its main function is to regulate muscle tension, coordinate exercise and muscle balance. This regulatory function depends on the dynamic balance of neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the regulatory center. When dopamine decreases or acetylcholine increases relatively, symptoms of cholinergic hyperfunction may appear, such as increased muscle tension, facial stiffness, bradykinesia, muscle tremor, salivation and other Parkinson's syndrome-like symptoms. Acute dystonia with compulsive mouth opening, tongue spitting, torticollis, dyspnea and dysphagia; Akathisia, fidgeting and wandering repeatedly; Delayed dyskinesia, such as mouth-tongue-cheek triad, such as sucking, licking tongue and chewing. , is the extrapyramidal reaction.

Extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs are particularly common in clinic. There are many commonly used drugs that cause side effects of extrapyramidal system reactions, such as phenamine, kebiqing, atropine, metoclopramide, metronidazole, cimetidine, chlorpromazine, perphenazine and so on. This kind of drugs can produce the excitability of extrapyramidal system to a certain extent, and can lead to the disorder of the control of extrapyramidal system by the central nervous system, which increases the excitability of extrapyramidal system. As a result, the muscle strength and muscle tension controlled by extrapyramidal system are out of control, thus causing a series of symptoms and signs related to muscle strength and muscle tension. It can effectively prevent extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs. The key is to take the medicine according to the doctor's advice, don't increase the dose easily, and don't buy medicine at will. If anything goes wrong, you should contact the doctor in time.

Chlorpromazine can also block dopaminergic nerve pathways in other parts of the brain, and also block α receptor and M receptor of autonomic nervous system, which is mainly related to some adverse reactions. For example, blocking D2 receptor in substantia nigra-striatum pathway weakens DA function and enhances Ach function in striatum, leading to extrapyramidal reactions, including Parkinson's disease, acute dystonia and akathisia's disease. Central anticholinergic drugs can reduce or lighten the dose. Another kind of delayed dyskinesia caused by extravertebral reaction may be related to the up-regulation of dopamine receptor caused by long-term medication, and anti-DA drugs can alleviate this reaction.