What is a collectively owned enterprise?

Question 1: What is a collective-owned enterprise as a legal person? A collectively-owned enterprise itself is an enterprise with a superior unit. It can also be said that legal persons of state-owned enterprises, regardless of size, are legal representatives appointed by superiors.

Question 2: What is the difference between enterprises owned by the whole people and enterprises owned by collectives? The whole people refers to the enterprise legal person funded and controlled by the state, including enterprises directly invested by SASAC at all levels and enterprises invested by state-owned units. Collective ownership enterprise as a legal person is an enterprise as a legal person funded by collective enterprises and collective organizations.

Question 3: What's the difference between collective-owned enterprises and enterprises owned by the whole people? People define the nature of collective economy relative to state-owned economy. The state-owned economy is owned by the whole people, and the collective economy is naturally owned by the collective. The relevant documents of the Central Committee clearly stated that collective ownership "is collectively owned by the socialist working people". Not long ago, some scholars pointed out that the collective ownership "can only be limited to enterprises, and advocated that the real collective economy should be defined as the collective ownership of enterprise employees." Regarding these regulations and viewpoints, the author believes that from the origin of China's collective economy, the means of production of collective enterprises do not have all the characteristics of some employees. Before the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the urban and rural collective enterprises in China mainly had two parts. First, in the industrial and commercial socialist transformation of 1956, individual workers bring their own means of production to form cooperatives, and then their property is collectively owned and developed; Second, during the people's commune period, a number of urban and rural collective enterprises were developed. These collective enterprises all have the nature of "two state-owned enterprises", and it is difficult to happen that the means of production are owned by some employees. As early as 1996, the author suggested that the nature of the collective economy is determined by the investors. Judging from the current situation in China, the collective economy can only be an enterprise with the investment of village (neighborhood) committees and villagers' groups as the main body. Later, some neighborhood committees were changed into communities. Enterprises invested by the community mainly belong to the nature of collective economy. Some scholars call it social economy. The appellation is different, but the essence has not changed. Since the reform and opening up, the development of urban and rural collective economy has proved this point. At present, the collective economy has the following forms: First, after the state's policy of encouraging and supporting the development of township enterprises was promulgated, many village (neighborhood) committees and villagers' groups invested in setting up enterprises. Second, in order to enjoy the relevant preferential policies of township enterprises, counties and townships have invested in many collective enterprises. This kind of enterprise is called collective enterprise, which is actually a county and township enterprise and a typical state-owned enterprise. Third, in the early stage of developing individual and private economy, many business owners were worried about policy changes and difficulties in handling affairs, and often wore the hat of collective economy to do business. With the deepening and development of enterprise reform, most of these fake collective enterprises have restored the true colors of private enterprises. Fourth, many state-owned enterprises organize mass organizations and run collective enterprises to improve the welfare of employees. The main investors of such enterprises are state-owned enterprises, and the nature of such enterprises also belongs to state-owned enterprises. Fifth, in the early 1990s, there was a nationwide business craze, and many economic entities were run by party and government organs. This kind of enterprise has not only the shares of some cadres and workers, but also the funds borrowed by departments. Cadres and workers lose money. This flop company, called collective enterprise, is actually a state-owned enterprise. Through the above analysis, it shows that there are many and chaotic domestic collective enterprises at present. The reasons for these problems are as follows: first, the definition of collective enterprises by the state is vague; Second, the state has implemented a series of preferential policies for a certain period of time. The above reasons have led to the emergence of various complex collective enterprises all over the country. (The views in this article are for reference only)

Question 4: What are the outstanding collective-owned enterprises in China?

1, electric freezer

Jiangsu Baixue Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Jiangsu Banshen Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Xing Xing Group Co., Ltd.

Qingdao Aucma Group Company Haier Group Company

He' nan xinfei electrics co., ltd

2. Electric water heater

Shuaikang group co., ltd

Zhejiang kangquan electrics co., ltd

Haier group company

Shandong Xiaoya Group Water Heater Co., Ltd.

3. Gas water heater

Shunde wanhe electrics co., ltd

Guangdong Wan Jiale gas appliance Co., Ltd.

Zhongshan Huadi gas appliance Co., Ltd.

Chengdu qianfeng electronic appliance co., ltd.

Zhongshan Xue Ying gas appliance Co., Ltd.

Haier group company

4. beer

Hubei Jinlong quan group co., ltd

Tsingtao beer co., ltd

Yuehai beer group co., ltd.

He' nan jinxing beer group co., ltd

Harbin beer co., ltd

Guangzhou Zhujiang Beer Group Company

China resources beer co., ltd

Beijing Yanjing Beer Group Corporation

5. wine

Beijing fengshou liquor co., ltd

China great wall wine co., ltd.

Huaxia grapes brewing co., ltd

Sino-French joint venture dynasty grape brewing co., ltd

Yantai Changyu Group Co., Ltd.

Yantai Wei Long wine co., ltd

Tonghua Wine Company Ltd

Question 5: What's the difference between collective-owned enterprises and private enterprises? Collective enterprises are divided into large collectives and small collectives. Large collectives are invested and established by state-owned enterprises, and small collectives are generally established by the original neighborhood committees. Property rights are not clear, but they are generally considered as state-owned assets. Investors in the private sector are pure natural persons.

Question 6: What kind of enterprise is collective ownership (stock cooperation)? Most of the joint-stock cooperative enterprises are reformed from state-owned enterprises or collective enterprises, and they are a special type of enterprises. At present, China has not promulgated the Law on Joint-stock Cooperative Enterprises, so its nature is not easy to determine. See related documents for details. The management of joint-stock cooperative enterprises generally refers to the provisions on companies in the Company Law.

Question 7: What's the difference between collective-owned enterprises and enterprises owned by the whole people? People define the nature of collective economy relative to state-owned economy. The state-owned economy is owned by the whole people, and the collective economy is naturally owned by the collective. The relevant documents of the Central Committee clearly stated that collective ownership "is collectively owned by the socialist working people". Not long ago, some scholars pointed out that the collective ownership "can only be limited to enterprises, and advocated that the real collective economy should be defined as the collective ownership of enterprise employees." Regarding these regulations and viewpoints, the author believes that from the origin of China's collective economy, the means of production of collective enterprises do not have all the characteristics of some employees. Before the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the urban and rural collective enterprises in China mainly had two parts. First, in the industrial and commercial socialist transformation of 1956, individual workers bring their own means of production to form cooperatives, and then their property is collectively owned and developed; Second, during the people's commune period, a number of urban and rural collective enterprises were developed. These collective enterprises all have the nature of "two state-owned enterprises", and it is difficult to happen that the means of production are owned by some employees. As early as 1996, the author suggested that the nature of the collective economy is determined by the investors. Judging from the current situation in China, the collective economy can only be an enterprise with the investment of village (neighborhood) committees and villagers' groups as the main body. Later, some neighborhood committees were changed into communities. Enterprises invested by the community mainly belong to the nature of collective economy. Some scholars call it social economy. The appellation is different, but the essence has not changed. Since the reform and opening up, the development of urban and rural collective economy has proved this point. At present, the collective economy has the following forms: First, after the state's policy of encouraging and supporting the development of township enterprises was promulgated, many village (neighborhood) committees and villagers' groups invested in setting up enterprises. Second, in order to enjoy the relevant preferential policies of township enterprises, counties and townships have invested in many collective enterprises. This kind of enterprise is called collective enterprise, which is actually a county and township enterprise and a typical state-owned enterprise. Third, in the early stage of developing individual and private economy, many business owners were worried about policy changes and difficulties in handling affairs, and often wore the hat of collective economy to do business. With the deepening and development of enterprise reform, most of these fake collective enterprises have restored the true colors of private enterprises. Fourth, many state-owned enterprises organize mass organizations and run collective enterprises to improve the welfare of employees. The main investors of such enterprises are state-owned enterprises, and the nature of such enterprises also belongs to state-owned enterprises. Fifth, in the early 1990s, there was a nationwide business craze, and many economic entities were run by party and government organs. This kind of enterprise has not only the shares of some cadres and workers, but also the funds borrowed by departments. Cadres and workers lose money. This flop company, called collective enterprise, is actually a state-owned enterprise. Through the above analysis, it shows that there are many and chaotic domestic collective enterprises at present. The reasons for these problems are as follows: first, the definition of collective enterprises by the state is vague; Second, the state has implemented a series of preferential policies for a certain period of time. The above reasons have led to the emergence of various complex collective enterprises all over the country. (The views in this article are for reference only)

Question 8: Full-name ownership enterprise? Collectively owned enterprises? What do you mean owned by the whole people? It means owned by the state. Now that the country is retreating and the people are advancing, large-scale monopoly key industries are all joint-stock systems, and ownership by the whole people should be gone.

Collective ownership refers to non-personal local investment, which is owned by a group of people and led by * * * *.

Corresponding to the above, the current enterprises are generally joint-stock, funded by shareholders and managed by individuals, not led by * * *.

Question 9: What does collective ownership mean? Collective ownership enterprise: refers to an independent commodity economic organization based on the collective ownership of the means of production by the working people. Enterprises under collective ownership include enterprises under collective ownership by the working people in urban and rural areas.

To put it bluntly, it is the kind of unit that the state does not give money and makes money by itself. If the benefit is good, it will be closed. The benefit is not good, it is worse than the enterprise. It is believed that workers are collectively owned by * * * and do not belong to the state. That kind of single storage. Is one of the worst types of employees.

Question 10: What are the characteristics of collectively-owned enterprises? Collective enterprises refer to independent commodity economic organizations based on collective ownership of means of production. Enterprises under collective ownership include enterprises under collective ownership by the working people in urban and rural areas.

Relevant regulations (characteristics) of collective enterprises

Rule 1

Main provisions of the urban collective enterprise law

There are nine chapters and 30 articles in the Regulations on Urban Collective-owned Enterprises, which stipulate the general principles, the establishment, alteration and termination of collective enterprises, the rights and obligations of collective enterprises, staff (representatives) meetings, factory directors (managers), property management and income distribution, the relationship between collective enterprises and * * *, legal responsibilities and supplementary provisions. Its main provisions are as follows:

1. The nature of urban collective enterprises

Urban collectively-owned enterprises, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations on Urban Enterprises, mean that the property belongs to the working people collectively and works together. A socialist economic organization with distribution according to work as the main body. It includes all kinds of industries and organizations in towns.

2. Urban collective enterprise organizations

(1) The workers' (representatives) assembly of urban collective enterprises is the authority of collective enterprises. It is stipulated that the employees of collective enterprises are the owners of enterprises and exercise the power to manage enterprises in accordance with laws, regulations and the articles of association of collective enterprises. Collective enterprises practice democratic management according to law, and the workers' (representatives') congress is the authority of collective enterprises, which elects and dismisses enterprise managers and decides on major issues of operation and management. The regulations also specifically stipulate that the workers' (representatives') congress may exercise the right to formulate and amend the articles of association according to law; To elect, recall, appoint and dismiss the factory director (manager) and deputy factory director (deputy manager); Deliberating the proposal submitted by the factory director (manager) and deciding on six functions and powers including major issues of enterprise management.

(2) the collective enterprises in cities and towns implement the factory director (manager) responsibility system. It is stipulated that collective enterprises shall implement the factory director (manager) responsibility system. The factory director (manager) is responsible for the meeting of enterprise employees (representatives) and is the legal representative of collective enterprises. The factory director (manager) is elected or recruited by the meeting of enterprise employees (representatives). Conditions, powers and responsibilities are stipulated in the regulations.

Rule 2

Main provisions of the Law of Rural Collective Ownership Enterprises

The Regulations on Rural Collective Enterprises consists of eight chapters and forty-five articles, which stipulates the general principles, the establishment, alteration and termination of enterprises, the owners and operators of enterprises, the rights and obligations of enterprises, the management of enterprises, the relationship between enterprises and relevant departments, rewards and punishments, and supplementary provisions. Its main provisions are:

1. The nature of rural collective enterprises

Rural collective enterprises, according to the "Regulations on Township Enterprises", refer to enterprises organized collectively by farmers in townships (including towns) and villages (including villagers' groups). In fact, collectively referred to as township collective enterprises, including all enterprises collectively organized by rural farmers except agricultural production cooperatives, rural supply and marketing cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives. In nature, rural collective enterprises are part of the socialist public ownership economy in China.

2. Owners and operators of rural collective enterprises

The property of a rural collective enterprise belongs to all farmers in the township or village where the enterprise is located, and the property ownership of the enterprise is exercised by the farmers' meeting (farmers' representative meeting) in the township or village or the collective economic organization representing all farmers. If the enterprise implements the contract lease system or associates with other ownership enterprises, the property ownership of the enterprise remains unchanged. Owners of enterprises shall exercise the right to decide the business direction, business form, director (manager) or employment method of enterprises, determine the specific distribution ratio between enterprises according to law, make resolutions on the division, merger, relocation, closure, termination and bankruptcy of enterprises, and have the obligation to provide services for the production, supply and sales of enterprises and respect enterprises. For enterprises that implement the contract or lease system, the owner of the enterprise shall select or determine the operators who meet the conditions prescribed by law through public bidding or recruitment and recommendation. The manager of an enterprise is the factory director (manager) of the enterprise. The enterprise implements the factory director (manager) responsibility system, and the factory director (manager) is fully responsible for the enterprise and exercises its functions and powers on behalf of the enterprise.

3. Management of rural collective enterprises

The Regulations on Rural Enterprises clearly stipulates the management of rural collective enterprises:

(1) democratic management. It is stipulated that enterprise employees have the right to participate in the democratic management of enterprises and the right to criticize and accuse the factory director (manager) and other management personnel; The workers' (representatives') congress of an enterprise has the right to put forward opinions and suggestions on the problems in the operation and management of the enterprise, evaluate and supervise the factory director (manager) and other management personnel, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the workers.

(2) Labor management. Regarding the employment system, ... >>