What year is Laiwu material exchange meeting?

Pinyin: g?nji

ㄢˇㄐㄧˊ Athena Chu.

English translation: going to the market; ; Go to the market;

Basic explanation

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◎ A folk custom, hoarding and bartering things in the market, which is called "market" in the north and "market", "street gathering", "mountain gathering" and "noisy gathering" in the south.

Go to the market.

[Going to the market; Go to the market to do business or play.

Zhu Xuanxian's printed matter returned from the Expo, 1960.

This custom of life has existed since ancient times. Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hunan are called "fair", Hunan and Jiangxi are called "fair", Hunan, Guangxi and Guangdong are called "looting" and Shandong is called "fair".

◎ Gathering in the city: The "farmer's market" initiated by local villagers is the inheritance of gathering cultural tradition and the change of demand in the new period.

Interpretation: Going to the market to do business.

In terms of literary and artistic works, Mr. Lao She taught at Dachi University on 1930- 1934, and his works such as Daming Lake, A Tale of Cat City, Divorce and Fairness were all completed during this period. The Expo is a collection of short stories. Don't go to the Expo, including black and white plum, micro-gods, etc. 15 short stories. Zhu Xuanxian print [1], made on 1960.

detailed description

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In a remote place, trade is normal. At the right time, buyers and sellers come from all directions and gather in a certain place to buy and sell, commonly known as the "market."

Xie Ming Zhao Zhe's "Five Miscellaneous Matters Part I": "Shannan City is empty ... the people on the Shandong side are a collection. Every episode is a department store, and the four places compete for each other, from mules, horses, cattle, sheep and handmaids to fighting for millet and measuring cloth, which must be called' city'. " Sang Ma Dialect in Yishui written by Liu Shunian in Qing Dynasty: "There are more than 30 famous people in Yishui, and there are countless small collections. Work is easy to get through and it is not convenient to go to the market. " Chapter 19 of Lao Can's Travels: "Dozens of people go to the market every month." The fourth chapter of Flying Tigers in Summer: "Qicun is a big town on Xibali Road in Zaozhuang. Nowadays, every big gathering, farmers from four towns and villages come here to gather. "

timely rain

There is an old saying in Hebei: "Business will be done in the market." This means that fairs and meetings are all about buying and selling. There is some truth in this statement, but it is not complete. The meeting is the "temple fair", which is often referred to as the material exchange meeting today. Its content, before wheat, mainly deals with farm tools such as power, harrows and brooms, and after autumn, mainly deals with large livestock such as cattle, horses and mules. The duration is as short as one day, as long as three or five days, or even seven, eight or half a month.

During the period, folk art performances with national flavor and local flavor were interspersed. But the "fair" is a veritable commercial transaction, which generally takes a short time, ranging from one day to half an hour. The timing of the trade fair is very important, so the word "hurry" is added in front of it. Due to the wide variety of products in Hebei Province, fair trade has been relatively developed. [ 1]

social meaning

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A folk in Jidong sang: "From busy spring to big Qiu Li, I pickled pickles and cotton-padded clothes, and packed up two buckets of miscellaneous grains, bent on catching up with Laoting. Laoting

Nanguan sells grain, sells grain to buy things, Jiangnan buys umbrellas and hedges. I bought a locust tree pole and two fine baskets for manure. After buying odds and ends, I made a shop to pull the donkey home. "The cross is energetic and lifelike.

Fairs are usually called shopping or other businesses in Henan. In Shangqiu, Henan Province, there has been a market since ancient times. Every two days, people gather in a market from all directions to buy household necessities, such as clothes, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and so on.

Market concept

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The market originated from the gathering and trading of people in prehistoric times, and later it often appeared in religious festivals, commemorative gatherings and holy places, and was often accompanied by folk entertainment activities.

Go to the market

Move it. In medieval Europe, markets were often held in church yards during religious festivals. A market often mainly deals in certain commodities, such as cheese market. In some regions and countries with underdeveloped economy and difficult transportation, commodity exchange still retains the form of regular fairs or fairs held on traditional festivals. Except for a few large and medium-sized cities in ancient China, there were "grass market" and "stone sea" fairs held regularly in many areas. So far, this traditional form of trade organization still exists in many provinces and regions of China, especially in the north and southwest. However, different places use different names. For example, the north is generally called "Ji", while the south and southwest are called "Chang", "Street" and "City" respectively. They are held regularly (such as one day, two days, Friday and ten days) in a fixed place or several nearby places in turn. Among them, there are also some places that use "temple fairs" and "mule-horse conferences" to conduct multi-day fair-style goods trading activities. In the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Arabian Peninsula, where economic development is relatively backward, there are also regular and fixed-point fairs for commercial activities.

Market cycle

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The market is a cyclical market, and the research on the market mainly focuses on its cycle, structure and the relationship with the central place theory. Some scholars believe that the market cycle is mainly affected by population density, and the larger population density leads to a shorter market time. In addition, the cycle is also affected by the cycle of the week and the month. For example, most markets in China follow the lunar cycle. The market belongs to a low-level center, and the commodities traded are generally low-level commodities such as daily necessities and consumables, serving rural residents near the market. Markets are usually located in towns or villages with moderate traffic, as well as on the edge of temples and towns. The interval between fairs usually depends on the maximum distance that buyers and sellers are willing to leave their places of residence.

Markets are mostly located in central villages and towns, temple resorts and urban fringe areas, with moderate location and convenient transportation; It can also be extended to trading places or settlements, called market towns. Rural market town is the basic unit of economic spatial network, and it is at the lower level of central place in the concept of central place system. With its special function and scale, it has both connections and differences with towns in the general sense. Market towns are mainly economic activities, based on their economic functions. It is the starting point of rural commodity purchase and the end point of commodity sales, and it is responsible for the functions of rural means of production and means of subsistence, as well as the acquisition and trading of agricultural products. Generally speaking, there are special trading places in market towns. For the convenience of management and transaction, all kinds of data are concentrated in a certain range, not interfering with each other, but integrated. Rural market towns also have the functions of education, medical care and entertainment, and are the main places for rural residents to entertain and communicate. Local governments in past dynasties have tried to control rural areas below the county level through market towns. In 2000, rural fairs played a role in promoting agriculture by business, prospering rural economy, connecting urban and rural areas and accelerating the process of rural urbanization.

When geography studies rural fairs, ① it regards market towns as a part of the spatial system of economic activities, and studies the coordination and cooperation of market towns in time and space, the hierarchical system of market towns, the ring formed by adjacent market towns and the spatial system of exchange and market; ② Study the individual characteristics, business nature and activity scope of market participants; ③ Study the causes and laws of market periodicity. Some geographers pay attention to the social characteristics of market towns. Study its promoting effect on rural development, especially on rural urbanization. Through the characteristics and functions of market towns in different historical periods, we can identify the economic development process and social structure of rural society. After the 1970s, foreign research on the market focused on the quantitative analysis of its laws, such as the optimal length of the market cycle, the dynamic economic system of the periodic market circle, and the analysis of the periodic market towns.