Explain from the supervision position how to do a good job in tunnel quality and safety management

The main work content of safety supervision in the construction preparation stage:

1. Preparation for safety supervision

(1) Establish a safety supervision organization structure

(2) Prepare safety supervision plan and implementation details

(3) Formulate safety supervision-related work systems

(4) Clarify the division of labor of supervisors, job safety supervision responsibilities, and supervision content and methods, etc.

2. Review the subcontract of the construction unit

(1) Whether a safety production contract (or agreement) has been signed with the subcontractor

(2) Whether their respective responsibilities in safety production are clear

(3) Whether the subcontractor and the team (operator) sign a safety production responsibility letter

3. Review construction safety risks Assessment report

Review the overall risk assessment report. This tunnel is an extra-long tunnel and a risk assessment must be conducted before construction. In the early stages of construction, the headquarters will take the lead in conducting a risk assessment on the Gaoshoujian Tunnel. Its risk level is Level II (medium). degree), it is an “acceptable” risk.

4. Review the special construction plan for tunnel blasting safety. Without supervision approval, this sub-project shall not be started

(1) Procedural review: whether it has been approved by the technical person in charge of the construction unit Review and sign, not the signature of the technical leader of the project department. Whether it has been reviewed by experts.

(2) Compliance review: It must comply with the provisions of the mandatory standards of the project; the expert review opinion should be a written opinion and serve as an attachment to the special safety construction plan.

(3) Targeted review: It should be in line with the characteristics of the project, the engineering environment, and the management model; it should be targeted and operable; it should have clear key node control arrangements and detailed construction techniques; There must be manpower, machinery, and material conditions that meet the requirements.

5. First, urge the construction unit to conduct safety self-inspection

The purpose of project safety inspection is to eliminate hidden dangers and prevent accidents. It is an important part of safety supervision and requires construction units The self-inspection work is carried out around the following five items: daily inspection, professional inspection, seasonal inspection, inspection before and after holidays, and irregular inspection.

By supervising the implementation of safety self-inspection work of construction units, construction units can promptly discover safety hazards at the construction site so that timely measures can be taken to ensure safe production.

6. Strengthen inspections of potential safety hazards on site of construction units

Regularly and irregularly inspect the safety management work of construction units to discover unsafe behaviors and safety hazards during operations. If there are hidden dangers, a safety hazard rectification notice will be issued, requiring the construction unit to rectify the hidden safety hazards one by one. After the rectification is completed, the safety supervisor will conduct a timely review.

Each construction unit is assessed and evaluated every quarter in accordance with the Safe Construction Site Assessment Methods. During the inspection, the relevant safety management document provisions in the Safe Construction Site Assessment Methods are strictly followed, and the various safety checklists in the safety management documents are compared. Carry out inspections one by one so that there are no blind spots in the inspection. After the inspection is completed, a safety hazard notice will be issued in a timely manner, requiring each construction unit to implement rectifications within a time limit to ensure that the requirements for safe construction sites are implemented.

7. Promote the informatization and standardized construction of tunnel projects

In view of the uncertainty and high risk of tunnel construction, construction units are required to configure access control systems that can monitor the entry and exit of personnel and vehicles in real time The time of the tunnel and the distribution inside the tunnel. An escape passage, safety warning system and emergency escape route lighting guidance system are installed on the excavation surface so that rescue measures can be taken quickly when an accident occurs. Set up a duty room at the entrance of the tunnel, with dedicated personnel on duty 24 hours a day, strict process inspection and responsibility handover, implementation of on-site guidance system for the main person in charge of the project department in key processes and key links of tunnel construction, implementation of the major accident hazards listing supervision system, and effective standardization of construction safety management. Install a surveillance video system at the tunnel entrance and network it with the supervision office and command headquarters. You can see the tunnel construction safety situation in the office where there is a network. Standardize work behavior from the source to ensure safe production.

8. Strengthen advance geological forecasting and monitoring and measurement of tunnel construction

This tunnel is a very long tunnel with complex geological conditions. When construction started, an independent testing agency with corresponding capabilities was entrusted to inspect the tunnel. Conduct advanced geological forecasting and monitoring measurements for tunnels.

The methods of advanced geological prediction mainly include geological analysis method, advanced drilling prediction method and geophysical prospecting method. The geophysical prospecting method mainly uses seismic wave reflection method, geological radar and infrared water exploration. The forecasting unit discovered that the surrounding rock ahead was inconsistent with the design drawings, and promptly required the construction unit to change the support plan to ensure the safety of personnel during the construction process and effectively prevent safe construction from occurring. Monitoring and measurement are the key reference basis for controlling surrounding rock deformation and optimizing support design parameters. The third party compiles detailed monitoring and measurement documents based on the actual on-site monitoring conditions each time, and makes adjustments based on adverse geological conditions; carefully implement the point distribution quantity Measure to ensure that the data is complete and authentic, and the support parameters can be optimized and adjusted in a timely manner.

8. Communicate and report well with relevant superior departments

If any major safety accident hazards or serious violations of the construction plan are found during inspections or side stations, the construction unit shall If the supervision unit fails to rectify or refuses to rectify the contents required in the relevant safety notice, or if safety cannot be guaranteed during the elimination of major hidden dangers, the supervision office shall issue a "Project Temporary Suspension Order" ordering the construction unit to immediately stop all or part of the construction, and at the same time report the relevant situation Report to the headquarters orally and in writing in a timely manner, and report to the project quality supervision agency; to perform supervision responsibilities to the greatest extent and avoid assuming corresponding supervision responsibilities due to insufficient supervision work.

9. Experience and suggestions on safety supervision work

In the process of safety supervision work, we often realize that safety supervision work is difficult:

(1) Meeting When I encounter some managers of construction companies, they often take chances and do not pay attention to safety work. Full-time safety management personnel on site have part-time jobs, and there is a lack of personnel who are actually engaged in safety production. This arrangement has laid a huge foundation for construction safety. Hidden danger.

(2) Another example is that during the safety supervision process, most construction companies have insufficient investment in safety facilities and outdated safety management methods. The development of modern civilization and science and technology has less content in safety management.

Two suggestions for future safety management work:

(1) It is recommended that during the project construction process, the work of the safety management agency and safety management personnel should be checked at any time. If any irregularities are found, In the event of failure or incompetence, on-site safety supervisors have the right to order them to stop work and make rectifications within a time limit. At the same time, in order to enhance the power of safety supervisors, it is recommended that future safety production funds also establish a bill of quantities, and the investment of funds is detailed to each individual If the safety hazards are not rectified in place or refuse to rectify during a process, the safety supervisor has the right to refuse the measurement of safety production funds for the project.

(2) Increase investment in advanced technological facilities for safety management

During the construction process of Gaoshoujian Tunnel, an advanced tunnel access control system was introduced. It provides good experience in monitoring daily safety work within the building and locating and rescuing personnel after safety accidents. It is recommended that construction units should introduce and adopt more advanced electronic monitoring systems, personnel positioning systems, and Deformation automatic detection system, accident hazard alarm system, etc., implement all-round safety monitoring of the entire construction process of projects under construction, so as to promptly detect safety hazards of various sizes and nip safety accidents in the bud.