What is the future employment of seafarers?

1, what is a sailor? Who is a sailor? A: People who work on seagoing ships are collectively called seafarers. Seafarers are divided into senior seafarers and ordinary seafarers. Seafarers engaged in management work on board are called senior seafarers, also known as cadre seafarers. Including the captain, chief engineer, first mate, second mate, third mate, big tube wheel, second tube wheel and third tube wheel. Sailors who assist senior seafarers in specific work on board are called ordinary seafarers. 2. How to classify A-class, B-class and C-class seafarers? A: Seafarers are usually divided into Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D according to their routes. A-class seafarers can sail around the world, also known as international seafarers; Class B seafarers can sail along the offshore areas such as Southeast Asia and are regional seafarers; Class c seafarers can sail in coastal navigation areas; Class d seafarers can sail in the inshore navigation area. 3. What are the seaman's certificates? What is the gold content? Competency certificate: seaman's certificate, seaman's service book, competency certificate, four certificates (fire fighting, first aid at sea, lifeboat and raft operation, survival at sea), etc. Seafarers should also obtain "three certificates" (radar observation radar simulator, automatic radar plotter, wireless telephone communication); Class A and B seafarers also have health certificates, international vaccination certificates, passports, etc. Special crew members shall obtain corresponding professional training certificates. 4. What is the market demand of seafarers? Is employment guaranteed? A: According to the survey report of BIMCO/ISF (International Transport Federation), "there is a global shortage of senior seafarers. As far as the world is concerned, there are currently about 400,000 seafarers in the world. " The world market for senior seafarers is in short supply. At least in the next decade, senior seafarers will be able to obtain 100% employment. Nowadays, the competition in the international shipping market is fierce, and seafarers' wages account for a large proportion of shipping expenses. The key to the huge difference in shipping expenditure costs among countries is the disparity in seafarers' wages. At present, developed countries such as Europe and America basically no longer use their own high-paid seafarers, but turn to low-paid seafarers with cheap labor in developing countries such as China and the Philippines, so that shipping companies can reduce costs and increase profits. At present, the number of seafarers sent abroad in China is increasing at a double-digit rate every year. And with the rapid rise of China's economy, local shipping companies are also growing, so the demand for seafarers is particularly great. At present, the supply of graduates from shipping colleges is in short supply. The employment rate of shipping graduates is 100%, and the supply-demand ratio is 1: 4. 5. Can seafarers become a profession? What are the prospects? A: Sailors earn a lot of money and can travel around the world. The training and employment rate is high, the labor intensity is high, and the automation degree of modern ships is high. Seafarers are mainly on duty on board. As long as the driver is on duty, it will be easy. Engineers and mechanics can be on duty. 6. Is it dangerous to work on a ship? What is the environment like? A: Modern ships have advanced equipment, high degree of informationization and strong ability to avoid collision and resist wind. The accident rate of international shipping ships is 0.3%. Ocean-going ships are generally 10 to 40 meters wide and 100 to 300 meters long, but due to the operation of ship machines, it takes 24 hours to overcome noise; Because the wind and waves have to overcome seasickness, some old ships have to overcome the sweltering heat in summer without air conditioning. 7. What are the living conditions on board? What kind of insurance do you pay? A: Living conditions on board: Senior seafarers have bedrooms, bathrooms, desks, wardrobes and sofas. Ordinary seafarers have bedrooms, bathrooms, tables, wardrobes, sofas and so on. All video rooms, table tennis rooms, gyms and karaoke rooms in public places of entertainment. The crew are free of charge for food, clothing, housing and transportation. The standard meals are 12- 15 RMB/day for domestic routes and $ 4-6 USD/day for foreign routes. Bed sheets, soap, towels, washing powder, toilet paper and other daily necessities are also distributed free of charge. Seafarers' companies generally pay endowment insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance for seafarers; Working on a ship, the shipowner pays accident insurance for seafarers. 8. How long do you work every day? How long does it take to go to sea every time? A: Ordinary sailors, mechanics, cooks and other ordinary crew members work 8 hours a day on board. Besides being on duty for 8 hours, senior crew members are also responsible for other work. The annual working hours on the ship are mainly determined by the crew and the company, or by the ship's route. At present, with the gradual opening of the market, many bosses of private shipping companies have no particularly rigid regulations on the working hours of crew members on board. Some crew members work on board for only one working day or even less, and some work for one year or even longer under excellent conditions of treatment, working environment and interpersonal relationship. 9. How to arrange seafarers' holidays? How to solve the travel expenses? A: Seafarers usually work for 8 to 10 months and arrange vacations for 2 to 4 months. When disembarking on public holidays, the company is responsible for reimbursement of round-trip travel expenses. (When the contract expires, the company is responsible for reimbursing the round-trip travel expenses; when the contract expires, the company is not responsible for reimbursing the round-trip travel expenses. Seafarers can also choose working hours and vacation time according to their own needs. 10. What is the current salary of seafarers? Seafarers' salary generally includes basic salary, navigation allowance and service fee. These three incomes are stable. The exact amount will depend on the route and location. The current reference salary is as follows: C-C-II, China, Japan and Korea, Greater Southeast Asia, Small Southeast Asia, Global Captain, 25,000-33,000 yuan, 22,000-26,000 yuan, 4,300-4,600 dollars, 4,600-4,700 dollars, 5,000-5,300 dollars, Chief Officer,/kloc 3700-3800 USD, 3700-3900 USD, two sets 16000- 18000 RMB, 16000-65438 RMB, 2400 RMB. 2600-2800 USD for three pairs 13000- 16000 USD 2200-2300 USD 2200-2300 USD for the old track 16000-23000 RMB 65438. 0-4,700 USD 4,200-4,500 USD 4,800-5 1 8000-13500-15000-3300-3400 USD 3,500-5438+00. 3000 yuan SD 2300-2400 dollars 2200-2300 dollars 2400-2500 dollars Chef 1500-3300 yuan 1500-3300 yuan 450-600 dollars 700-800 dollars 600-700 dollars head. -800 USD 700-800 USD 600-700 USD 800- 1000 USD sailor 1500-3500 RMB 1 500-3000 RMB 600 USD 600 USD 500 USD 700-800 USD 3000-4500 USD DD 700-800 USD 600-700 USD 800-65438 USD 438+000-2200 USD 2200-2500 USD GMDSS 2500-6000 RMB 2500. (It should be noted that during the vacation, some state-owned enterprises have a living allowance of several hundred yuan, and some expatriates or small companies have no salary or living allowance. ) 1 1. How are seafarers paid? A: The ship's wages are paid at the end of each month. If the shipping company goes bankrupt and cannot pay wages, the maritime department of the country where the ship is located can auction the ship first and pay the crew wages first. In the case of the shipowner's arrears of wages, seafarers can apply to the Maritime Safety Administration for dismantling, so the shipowner's ship is likely to be detained and released after the wages are paid. 12. What is the labor intensity of seafarers? A: During the voyage, the crew on board shifts three times a day, each shift is 8 hours; Senior seafarers are on duty at the bridge and engine room; Ordinary sailors (mechanics, sailors) do some chores; After work is free time, you can watch videos, play cards, play chess, chat and take a walk on the deck. During their stay at the dock, the third officer and the second officer will be on duty every day 12 hours. Ordinary seafarers, except those on duty, can go to other countries for sightseeing and shopping. 13. What if seafarers can't find a place to graduate? What if I can't find a job for personal reasons? A: If the placement cannot be carried out due to company reasons, all tuition fees will be refunded; Seafarers who are unable to find employment for personal reasons shall bear their own responsibilities. 14. Common diseases of seafarers A: Affected by occupational characteristics, they are prone to various diseases. First, seafarers are affected by climate change differently, and the temperature difference between day and night on board is large, so they are prone to catch a cold, which is manifested as stuffy nose, runny nose, sore throat, headache, fever and body aches. If the disease develops further, they may cough and have a high fever. Severe cases may be complicated by pneumonia or other diseases, which directly affect the health of seafarers. 2. Neurasthenia is a common neurosis of seafarers, and its etiology is related to long-term mental burden, irregular life or fatigue. Its symptoms are very complicated, and some patients are difficult to control their emotions, easily excited, irritable, inattentive and shallow sleep; Others show symptoms of fatigue, lethargy, fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, loneliness, depression and depression. Third, chronic gastrointestinal diseases are frequently-occurring diseases of seafarers, mainly due to the lack of regularity in seafarers' diet, single food and lack of nutrition. Most of its symptoms are abdominal pain and indigestion. Severe cases often have diarrhea, pus and mucus in feces, and even bloody stool. If not actively treated, it will lead to physical and mental pain of patients and seriously affect their study and work. Four, affected by occupational characteristics, sexually transmitted diseases are one of the common diseases of seafarers. As a sailor, you should endure loneliness and live a completely clean life.