What are the characteristics of Renaissance pottery?

During the revival period, ceramic products developed greatly because of their low value, which catered to the extensive needs of emerging citizens. Pottery-making techniques in this period first prevailed in Italy and influenced all parts of Europe. At that time, in Italy, pottery technology had replaced the important position of precious metal technology in the Middle Ages, and pottery production in various places flourished with painted bird-patterned one-ear pottery pots. Florence, Siena, Bologna, carrara and other places are places where ceramics are made. Ceramics produced in these areas not only meet domestic demand, but also are exported to other European countries and regions.

Italian pottery in the Renaissance is generally called "Mallorca pottery". Mallorca is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. A large number of ochre glazed pottery from Valencia, Spain was imported into Italy, which shows that Italian pottery was influenced by Islamic pottery technology. The so-called Mallorca pottery in Italy is far from the ochre glazed pottery in Valencia, both in production and decoration. Mallorca-style pottery is made by shaping and firing, then coating a layer of white pottery, drying, coloring, decorating and firing. The colors of painting and decoration are mainly yellow, cyan, green and purple. Most of the early paintings were patterned plants, birds and animals, character combinations, heraldry and so on. Traces of late Gothic decoration still remain. In the later stage, fairy tales, moral characters and daily life scenes are mainly represented, with realistic techniques and rigorous modeling. Common shapes are handle pot, large plate, bottle opening, medicine bottle, and ceramic brick used to lay the floor.

Oval Tao Pan Italian Mallorca pottery had a great influence on many European countries during the Renaissance. As early as the14th century, the French court once recruited Italian potters to burn green and purple ceramic tiles. 15 12 years, the production of ceramics in Mallorca was introduced to France from Italy. 1530 or so, French Mallorca pottery became popular, and there were quite a number of pottery kilns all over the country.

/kloc-In the late 6th century, French pottery craft showed its own style. Balic (1335— 1590), a famous French ceramist, created the so-called "country pottery" after years of exploration. This kind of pottery replaces the painting decorated with Mallorca pottery with relief decoration. Common decorative themes include fish, shellfish, insects, spiny shrimp, snakes and lizards. The expression is realistic but interesting. The oval Tao Pan in the Louvre is Balic's masterpiece. Pan Tao is 53 cm long, and the images of snakes, frogs, insects and other animals and plants are displayed on the plane of the plate in the form of high relief. Coupled with yellow, blue and green transparent lead glaze, the whole Tao Pan decoration presents a special effect.

Mallorca-style pottery has little influence in Germany and Austria, which may be because Mallorca-style daily pottery supplies are not valued here. The main reason for the development of pottery-making technology is to produce a large number of pottery bricks for building fireplaces or other stoves. Two important achievements of German pottery in the Renaissance are the appearance of salt glazed stoneware and colorful lead glazed pottery, which are often called "khalaf-style pottery". Khalaf-style pottery is mainly produced in Nuremberg. This kind of pottery is dominated by dark blue walls, and the walls are decorated with embossed colored characters. This decorative technique was once popular in the Rhine valley, especially in northern China, and many works imitated khalaf-style pottery.

Painted bird-patterned one-ear pottery jar