Electronic information employment direction

Analysis of Employment Situation of Electronic Information Engineering Major In recent years, the relationship between supply and demand of IT, information and electronics graduates has remained stable on the whole, and the social demand is relatively optimistic. According to the statistics of graduates' employment in 2005, the employment rate of graduates in information industry, IT and electronics is relatively high in various science and engineering categories. In the future, the demand for such graduates will not go out and heat up.

1, social demand analysis

Regional demand analysis 1. 1

Information and electronic talents have a broad market all over the country, but they are mainly concentrated in developed coastal areas such as Beijing, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian.

As far as Fujian Province is concerned, compared with other cities, coastal cities such as Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou have developed rapidly. The development of electronic information and information technology is an important industry in Fuzhou's economic development. TPV Electronics (Fujian) Co., Ltd., Fujian Star Network Ruijie Communication Co., Ltd., Fujian Rongji Software Development Co., Ltd. and other companies have certain influence in Fujian Province and even the whole country. Xiamen and Quanzhou, as cities with rapid development in recent years, coupled with the support of economic policies, have attracted many large enterprises to put into production, such as Amoi Electronics Co., Ltd. Generally speaking, due to the large number of small and medium-sized enterprises (mostly product development companies) in Fuzhou and Xiamen, graduates with certain abilities are more optimistic about employment; And inland Longyan, Nanping and other places are almost difficult to have jobs, or only a few small enterprises.

For Shenzhen, Guangdong and Zhejiang, where the electronics and IT industries are very developed, although many jobs are provided, most companies require candidates to have excellent professional skills and attach great importance to work experience. After all, it is not enough, and the competition is fierce. This is a great challenge for fresh graduates who want to find jobs across provinces, and they need excellent basic skills and skills to recruit people.

Analysis of technical requirements of 1.2

With the rapid development of electronic information technology, in order to increase market share, the company has higher and higher requirements for software or hardware developers, which makes ordinary undergraduate and junior college graduates discouraged or often rejected their job requirements.

Generally speaking, software engineering involves a wide range, the employment market is broad, and the social demand is also the largest among all kinds of majors. General requirements are computer and information related majors, with more than one year of relevant software development experience. At present, JAVA/J2EE, VC++,. NET and database are still dominant. In addition, being familiar with the development of Windows and Linux application platforms and kernels is an advantage in job hunting. Software developers need to be familiar with data structure, algorithm design and software engineering ideas. Hardware position requires some experience. The more experienced the candidate, the easier it is to find a suitable job. Due to the weak experience of hardware debugging of recent graduates, it is difficult to get the appreciation of recruiting units. It can also be seen that many large enterprises require job seekers to have relatively high-end hardware development technologies, such as embedded systems, DSP, FPGA and so on. (such as sketchpad and debugging). As a rapidly developing industry in recent years, the demand for talents in the network and communication industries is also on the rise. The design, maintenance and management of the website has become one of the main means of the company's external publicity, which has increased the employment of graduates in this field. However, many people in society can master this technology through self-study, which does not have much advantage for graduates. The requirements of the communication industry are relatively high, and technologies such as GPRS/CDMA/3G are all high-tech, and the related technicians are still relatively few. If fresh graduates can have a solid theoretical foundation and master this technology under the guidance of teachers, there are still quite broad prospects for working in some relatively large communication technology companies.

1.3 Analysis of other requirements

From the analysis of so many recruitment news, we can know that the company seems to regard English level as a basic requirement, and having a certain level of English is reflected in every recruitment news. As a high-tech company, many of them adopt foreign advanced technology or need to be promoted abroad. To be able to read English materials and communicate in English. Moreover, if you want to become a higher-level talent, master a proficient English and communicate with foreign customers of large enterprises in English, your employment prospects will be broader.

At the same time, we can also see that the recruiting unit not only lists some skills and technical requirements, but also some personal qualities and qualities have gradually become important requirements for the company. Nearly half of the companies emphasize the learning ability of graduates, followed by teamwork, execution ability and innovative spirit. "Fast learning ability, research and team spirit, good expression and communication skills, solid and willing to work, certain organization and coordination skills" are all standard requirements valued by the company. We find that employers welcome students who are practical, earnest and diligent, and do not welcome graduates who are too ambitious, can't bear hardships and require treatment beyond their own abilities. College students should seek truth from facts, put themselves in a correct position and be more pragmatic in their work and study. If college students can have excellent personal qualities, I believe it is also a foundation for successful job hunting.

The importance of work experience is a kind of consciousness of the whole society. Among the factors that may hinder you from finding a job smoothly, lack of work experience is the bottleneck restricting employment. Why do employers prefer candidates with work experience so much? This is related to the recent graduates' inability to combine their knowledge with social requirements and their lack of practical application ability. Personnel leaders in some employers believe that many students have poor hands-on ability and it takes a long time and energy to train them to work in enterprises. For enterprises, the main purpose is to make profits. Of course, we don't want to invest more in the training of new employees. Moreover, due to the change of modern people's employment concept, the flow of talents is more and more frequent. Those enterprises are afraid that the newly trained talents will be unstable, and finally they can only end up making wedding clothes for others.

2. Job requirements

Through the analysis of the recruitment information of many companies, from a technical point of view, the jobs that are more suitable for electronic information graduates are:

& lt 1 & gt； JAVA software engineer

Many companies have recruited JAVA software engineers, but they all need to have more than one year's experience in JAVA development and have high technical requirements. General requirements are: familiar with J2EE architecture, struts framework and javascript；; Familiar with SQLSERVER, Oracle and other large databases; Familiar with B/S or C/S development mode; Proficient in JAVA technologies such as JSP, EJB and JDBC, and proficient in servers such as JBOSS and Weblogic; In addition, those who can use Rational or TogetherJ for modeling, or have Html, CSS, Java design experience or Java related certificates are preferred.

& lt2 & gtVC software engineer

The requirements for VC software engineers are mainly reflected in the proficiency of VC development. General companies need to have more than one year of VC development experience, and it is best to host or participate in more than one large-scale project design and project management; The specific requirements are: familiar with software engineering knowledge, proficient in VC++ system development technology, rich experience in C language programming, proficient in object-oriented technology, and familiar with one of Oracle /SQL Server databases; Familiar with DELPHI, VB, COM/DCOM/ATL, and some knowledge of WINDOWS kernel is preferred.

& lt3> network development engineer

More than one year experience in web project development, large-scale dynamic website development experience, proficient in B/S mode development; Proficient in C #, ASP.NET, Vbscript, Javascript and other programming languages; Proficient in MySQL, MS SQL and other database operations; Proficient in the writing of HTML, XML, JavaScript and CSS, and able to debug the foreground and background independently; Familiar with visual studio team suite, team foundation server is preferred.

& lt4> Embedded Software Development Engineer

At least two years experience in C\C++ development, familiar with embedded system development; Familiar with data structure and calculation method, experience in writing underlying drivers is preferred; Experience in driver development of uC/OS, WIN CE and linux is preferred;

& lt5> Delphi development engineer

Proficient in Borland Delphi, master basic c/c++ programming; Familiar with the programming mode under Windows; Have a deep understanding of multithreading, network and SDK under Windows; Master relational database programming, familiar with MSSqlserver/Sybase database programming and development;

& lt6> database engineer

Proficient in C++/Jsp/Servlet language, have a thorough and detailed understanding of Html and Javascript, and have experience in developing large-scale database application software; Relevant experience in statistical analysis; Familiar with Oracle or DB2 or TERADATA database; Those who have built a large database system will be given priority.

& lt7> website programmer (asp, jsp development)

Proficient in html and java scripts, ASP, JSP and my SQL database management; Master WWW, FTP, TELNET, MYSQL and other network services, familiar with the configuration and security maintenance of LINUX and WIN2000 network servers, and have experience in developing large-scale websites; At least two years asp development experience; Net developers with Web service platform are preferred; Experience in software development of large-scale projects is preferred.

& lt8> Hardware Engineer

More than one year development experience, one or more experiences in debugging digital and analog circuits, and experience in designing AC sampling circuits is preferred. Proficient in digital and analog circuit design and basic knowledge of signal and system, proficient in one or more technologies in CPLD, DSP and FPGA. Can use protel to design schematic diagram and printed circuit board diagram, master C and C++ language programming, and have strong hardware debugging and software programming ability.

& lt9 & gtPCB design engineer

Have more than three years experience as a layout engineer, have designed more than four PCB boards, and be familiar with high frequency circuit design, EMC related knowledge and signal integrity related knowledge; Familiar with the use and operation of EDA software such as Orcad and PROTEL; Responsible for the establishment and maintenance of component library, improve and standardize PCB parts library, and ensure that all parts can be installed on PCB accurately; Edit the schematic diagram so that it can cooperate with PCB software (Allgro) to complete the conversion of netist, and ensure the correct package structure and network relationship of the device; According to the requirements of schematic diagram, the device layout is carried out, and the overall structure of PCB board is considered; Carry out wiring design, make the electrical performance and wiring quality reach the best state, and complete the PCB layout work in the project design.

& lt 10 >FPGA engineer

At least 2 years experience in FPGA design and debugging, familiar with the design process based on FPGA, proficient in verilog or VHDL language, able to complete the work from system requirements and architecture design to detailed design, code design and code simulation; Familiar with XILINX or ALTERAFPGA structure, master the relevant design process and related development comprehensive tools, and have practical experience; Good digital circuit foundation, strong circuit design and debugging ability, able to use common test instruments; Understand network protocols such as TCP/IP;

& lt 1 1 & gt； Embedded hardware development engineer

Experience in developing electronic communication products, good English; Familiar with the software and hardware system design of 16-bit and 32-bit single chip microcomputer, familiar with ARM9 platform, experienced in analog and digital circuit development, and familiar with various interface circuits related to PC; Familiar with Protel, PowerPCB, etc. The embedded hardware system is designed and developed by using ARM.

& lt 12 > communication design engineer

At least two years working experience in wireless communication, familiar with the principle of GSM/CDMA2000/WCDMA system; Familiar with wireless network planning and optimization business, able to skillfully use network planning and optimization tools, with strong comprehensive analysis ability; Provide clear ideas and directions for network optimization projects; Have some experience in network planning and adjustment, including base station planning, frequency planning and antenna adjustment; Master OFFICE and AUTOCAD software; Strong computer application ability; Working experience in communication design industry is preferred;

& lt 13 > project manager

Through the communication with previous graduates, I learned that some of them can not only do development, but also engage in projects management and other industries. The main job is to communicate with customers and manage the development and production of the project. Good language communication skills, basic skills related to product development, team organization and cooperation awareness, and excellent English are required.

& lt 14 & gt； Engaged in Teaching

As students majoring in electronic information engineering, they can also choose to be teachers in some technical colleges. It is understood that some girls in the college have taught in schools all over the country. Judging from the development in recent years, some key high schools try to recruit non-normal graduates in order to improve the quality of running schools in an all-round way. For example, Nan 'an selected 22 outstanding non-normal graduates last autumn to enrich the team of senior high school teachers. This situation of recruiting non-normal college students in high schools is likely to become a trend. If the students of this major can get good academic performance, improve their teaching ability and obtain Putonghua and teacher qualification certificate, it is also a good choice to teach in some key schools.

3. Current situation

In order to provide more help and guidance for our own employment, we need to have a certain understanding of the current situation and fully analyze our strengths and weaknesses.

3. 1 Our strengths and weaknesses

From the analysis of the employment situation of IT and information graduates, at present, our students majoring in electronic information are still facing a very severe test. Our classmates are in a situation of poor practical ability and lack of practical experience, especially the requirements listed in the recruitment information, and they can only barely adapt to one or two of them. It is basically difficult for some students to find positions that they feel can be valued, let alone be proficient in such requirements.

Most of the skills that students in this major have mastered now are basic knowledge, and only some students can master or understand some marketable skills, such as ARM software and hardware development, JAVA, Linux and so on. This situation is not conducive to employment, because for some companies, basic knowledge such as analog, digital and C language should be essential, and fresh graduates who are suitable for the professional skills that the company lacks at present are the talents they really need.

In addition, the biggest disadvantage we face is poor practical ability, no relevant research and development experience, and no concept of engineering project construction. Perhaps there are very few students in a major who have been exposed to engineering projects at present, and the development process of the whole project is almost blank. So far, what we have done is basically some basic and confirmatory experiments, which are scripted and lack some real skills. What I want to do can be described as a small fight, which is not very practical. If you really want to put into the practice of project development, it is difficult to adapt to the development requirements, and the required development cycle will drag on for a long time, which is what any recruiting unit does not want to see.

In terms of advantages, we also have some but have not further explored them. There are a group of excellent teachers in the major of electronic information engineering, such as Cai and Cai, who have won many awards in the Challenge Cup and Electronic Design Competition. However, due to the influence of some objective factors such as new and old campuses, and the low initiative and enthusiasm of students, such favorable advantages have gradually become a regret. If we can fully realize the existing shortcomings, do some preparatory work in advance, do some practical things to improve skills and understand employment, and stay ahead of other competitors, I believe this will also become our advantage.

3.2 Existing problems

& lt 1 & gt； Serious lack of initiative: most students are not aware of the seriousness of the current situation and are still under the control of the idea of "taking one step at a time", and the idea of "takenism" is very serious. Or aware of their predicament, but not trying to change the status quo, still in a state of muddling along. Everyone is waiting for the guidance of the teacher, falling in love with themselves, and lacking the ability to set up their own projects.

& lt2>'s ability to grasp opportunities is not strong: regardless of the ability to actively create opportunities, the ability to grasp opportunities should be the basic skill to win in the competition. From the past activities, we can see that the ability of our professional students to grasp opportunities is not outstanding enough, and they don't know how to seize opportunities and make use of them. For example, the electronic design competition is an opportunity for students to fully demonstrate their abilities, while some students just go through the motions. As it turns out, most of the students who can follow the teacher to do projects at present are very aggressive students at that time.

& lt3>'s organizational mechanism is not in place: previous activities often give people the feeling of "much thunder and little rain", which may be very powerful at first, and many students signed up for it, but it still seems a bit cold in the end. The main reasons should be that the organizers lack certain organizational experience and enthusiasm, strict and effective organizational methods, supervision and feedback mechanisms, and specific things are not implemented in place.

& lt4>'s practical ability is weak: professional students often pay attention to theoretical knowledge and neglect practical ability, although the scores in all subjects can reach above 890, which is among the best in this major. But when a certain amount of hands-on practice is needed, it seems at a loss. For students who want to engage in hardware development, this situation is absolutely unacceptable, and even the basic circuit debugging ability is lacking, let alone the debugging of engineering projects.

& lt5> is hesitant about work or postgraduate entrance examination: Some students are still hesitant in their junior year. Sometimes I feel that my English and advanced mathematics are relatively poor, and it is relatively difficult to take the postgraduate entrance examination. They want to work as soon as possible; In addition, some people feel that they have not done some practical projects and their professional skills are not outstanding. It is estimated that it is difficult to find a satisfactory job, or they take a higher degree in postgraduate entrance examination to gain an advantage. If such students don't straighten their own direction as soon as possible, they may still get nothing in the end.

& lt6> Inadequate employment preparation: Employment preparation is not only technical preparation, but also includes other aspects to a great extent, such as: understanding of employment demand, inspection of the companies applying for employment, etc. This kind of consciousness of actively participating in observing society is also the weakness of students. Blind job hunting and hasty employment have become one of the reasons why college students can't find satisfactory jobs.

& lt7> Lack of confidence: We can get a message from talking with some students: Some students feel that their level is not as good as others, and they have a strong sense of job loss. This idea is very inappropriate. Maybe your current level is not so good, but as long as you can seize the opportunity and rely on your own efforts, you can also get good employment prospects.

4. How to improve competitiveness

After realizing the seriousness of the current employment situation, we should work harder to adapt to the development needs of society, constantly look for employment opportunities in this industry, and understand the current social needs and development trends. During my college years, I will build myself into the talents that enterprises need. You know, looking for a job is not what you think you can do, but what the company thinks you can do and asks you to do.

1, master a skill or specialty.

Students majoring in electronic information, in particular, need to specialize in another subject and learn other related knowledge on the basis of good theoretical knowledge in order to have certain market competitiveness skills in society, such as VC, JAVA, ARM and other technologies. Many enterprises require professionals in their peers when recruiting, and the units looking for JAVA software engineers will never recruit graduates who are familiar with CDMA but have poor JAVA. Because the purpose of their recruitment is to find talents who can help develop JAVA software, which is the characteristic of technical engineers. In addition, if we can know our interests well before employment, it will be easier to find positions of interest and avoid being relegated to positions that are not enough for us to struggle for.

2. Improve the production capacity of the project

If you want to get more employment opportunities, you must learn more skills, and the best way to improve your skills is to participate in projects and production. Whether participating in teachers' projects or students' self-organized projects, we need to devote most of our energy to them as much as possible. After all, we are junior students, and we don't have much time left. Every project can be said to be quite valuable. From the previous employment situation, we can know that if you can come up with one or two things you do when you apply for a job, it is often easy to get recognition from the company. Students should at least know the development process of a project and how to analyze it after getting it. How to start? How to divide the work and cooperate? The next step is how to find problems and solve them. First of all, we should establish a concept of project development.

3. Change the traditional concept of employment.

Generally speaking, we feel that as long as we have good professional skills, we can find a very ideal job. But in fact, when recruiting graduates, enterprises attach great importance to their personality and attitude, impression and comprehensive ability during the interview, and pay more attention to their professional and foreign language level. Generally speaking, graduate schools are not valued, but it is generally believed that graduates from prestigious schools and ordinary schools have obvious differences in knowledge and ability. For college graduates with different educational levels, the difference in knowledge and ability mainly lies in their personal qualities and efforts. This is what we college students who are about to enter the society and look for jobs should learn from.

4. Grasp the relationship between teaching and learning.

Comprehensive quality includes the study of professional knowledge, and the depth and breadth of knowledge are wider. There is indeed a certain gap between the courses offered by schools and the actual needs of enterprises. Does that mean that specialized courses can be ignored? Obviously not. Students' acceptance of specialized courses is the most solid foundation for their future work and the theoretical cornerstone for mastering other practical knowledge. Of course, the rapid development of modern high technology also puts forward higher requirements for our education: try to combine teaching with concrete practice. This also requires our students to go out of campus, get in close contact with enterprises and enhance their practical ability. It also shows that the pace of school-enterprise cooperation should be faster, the intensity should be greater and the investment should be more.

5. Practice more in foreign language learning.

No matter from private enterprises to foreign enterprises, or from small companies to large enterprises, English is a very practical ability. English learning mentioned here should include daily English, spoken English and professional English. The minimum requirement for people engaged in electronics and information is to understand data sheets (product manuals). Most domestic chips and technologies are imported or imported from abroad, and many of them only have English instructions. Imagine a technician who can't read the English manual. Which company will hire him? And from the students who have graduated, we can know that graduates who are proficient in English have obvious advantages in treatment and status.

6. Girls need to exercise more.

For girls, it seems a bit impossible to engage in hardware, pure electronic circuits and other industries, because girls are generally not interested in this aspect or have poor hands-on ability. But this does not mean that it is difficult for them to find jobs. In fact, their employment is quite promising, and various software development positions are also very suitable for girls. First of all, they should find their own interests and study a certain development technology seriously. Because girls are more open-minded and cautious, it is easy to find some details in the process. On the other hand, the present situation is somewhat unsatisfactory. Many girls are still at a loss, don't know what they should do, and have no ideas.

7. Graduate students should also be fully prepared.

Students who take the postgraduate entrance examination should also be encouraged to devote all their energy to the preparation for the postgraduate entrance examination and strive for better results through hard work. However, there is still a problem to pay attention to. At present, the higher the postgraduate entrance examination, the better. After all, the enrollment of high-level schools is limited (the previous postgraduate entrance examination rate of this major is not very ideal), and the admission results will not be known until graduation. If they are not admitted, they will be in a passive position. On the one hand, they are not strong in professional skills and belong to theoretical graduates. On the other hand, it also missed many recruitment opportunities. Therefore, it is necessary to remind postgraduate students that they also need to pay attention to the employment situation.

In a word, students majoring in electronic information have certain advantages over other majors in employment, salary and development prospects. Although we are also facing great pressure and competition, as long as we can grasp the direction, understand the social needs, master professional skills skillfully, improve the overall quality of individuals and make full preparations. I believe that the future employment situation is still optimistic.