Geng Ziwei presided over classical Chinese.

1. Zou Bingtai's Translation of Classical Chinese in Qing Dynasty. 35 1 volume. Biography 138. Zou Bingtai Biography Zou Bingtai, a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu.

In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong, he was a scholar, selected Jishi Shu, awarded the editor-in-chief, compiled Sikuquanshu, and moved to imperial academy. Because at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Chinese studies were not harmonious, and soldiers and Taiwan helped the ancient system.

In forty-eight years, Emperor Gaozong released the ceremony and built Biyong. After more than two years, this ceremony was called the Grand Ceremony.

Looking for the ice platform as a drink offering. He joined the cabinet with a bachelor's degree and studied politics in Shandong and Jiangxi.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was awarded the assistant minister of the ritual department and transferred positions to eliminate the accumulated disadvantages. Yan Peitian, who was sitting in the grain hall, went without leave and violated regulations.

For the past six years, I have been holding special discussions in Beijing. The military ship owed money for food and promised to make up for it. Those who came later recovered.

Considering that he owed money every year, Bingtai disagreed with his colleague Qing, so he played sparingly, denounced his paranoia, made him angry and stayed. It also plays the role of supervising warehouse rotation, and warehouse service is harmful. It is advisable to make it live in the official room outside the warehouse and follow it.

In ten years, Zuo Du was appointed as an imperial consultant, and was transferred to the Ministry of War as a minister and a part-time Ministry of Industry to manage the Ministry's three libraries. Eleven years, in charge of Shuntian prefect affairs.

Twelve years, the official department. Fourteen years, plus the prince and Shao Bao.

Gao Tianfeng, a warehouse official, knew that someone was stealing rice. Sitting in the warehouse for a long time, I didn't notice. He lost his palace title, lowered his hat and was dismissed to stay in office. After a long time, he recovered. Sixteen years, the Department of Commerce.

Find a college student assisted by a senior official. Bingtai has been in the official department for a long time, especially in politics.

In eighteen years, the chief of the Ministry of War was wrong, and Hutuli, the same official, was partial to the ministerial meeting. He firmly defended himself. Only in this way, Tai said, "I am old, why do I love Lu? Don't make the imperial laws and regulations self-destructive! " I have my own reasons. I have to pay attention to my words.

After that, two retired officials donated money, which was improperly approved. At the beginning of assistant minister, Peng Ling's theory and opinions were different, and he was dismissed by C Tai, and he remained in office. Yao Kun, the minister of the Ministry of War, was robbed in Baxianzhuang, Changping, and the land was near Gyeonggi. This official is so incompetent that he can't cure the thief. Bingtai is in charge of prefect affairs.

Lin Qing, a bandit, opposed the Party and lived in Gu 'an and Huangcun. He thought that the military platform was invisible to the officials, so he could allow it, praise it and make it up. I want to have a rest and come back.

Twenty-five years, pawn. Bing Tai has never been a terrible person since he entered the business, going up and down in the museum.

Pei Gong holds the palm of Wen Heng and is called a gentleman. The establishment of the dynasty is meticulous, and Renzong attaches importance to it, but it will eventually be embarrassing.

Zou Bingtai, a native of Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province. In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong (1773), he was elected as Jishi Shu, was awarded the post of editor-in-chief (after the museum was scattered), and was (ordered) to compile the Complete Book of Siku, and was promoted to secretary of imperial academy.

Chinese studies in the Qing Dynasty followed the old system of Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and there was no imperial academy. Zou Bingtai invoked the old system to make a request (to establish imperial academy). In the forty-eighth year of Qianlong (1784), Emperor Gaozong set up food and wine in imperial academy, completed the ceremony of offering sacrifices to sages and teachers, and then wrote a letter to build the imperial academy.

Two years later, the ceremony of the emperor's visit to imperial academy began, which was called the grand ceremony at that time. Soon, Zou Bingtai was promoted to propose a toast to imperial academy.

Now he has been promoted to a bachelor's degree in cabinet and studied politics in Shandong and Jiangxi provinces. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1800), he served as assistant minister of the ritual department and was transferred to the warehouse to eliminate the accumulated disadvantages.

(Later) Yan Peitian of the Grain Bureau was impeached and incompetent. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1802), the imperial court inspected the official's political achievements in Beijing and gave him a special promotion and merit award.

Military ships that have been given food on credit have been allowed to make up for it, and so have those who arrived later. Zou Bingtai took into account the accumulated debts (bad debts) every year, and disagreed with his colleague Daqing (because). (So) he wrote a detailed paper, and the emperor wrote to denounce his one-sided stubbornness and arrogance, and he was demoted to stay.

He also invited (requested) the supervisor (official) to take turns to live in the warehouse, saying that the little official in charge of the warehouse should live in the house outside the warehouse, and the emperor listened to his suggestion. In the tenth year of Jiaqing (1806), he was promoted to Shi Yu, the capital of Zuodu, and later to Shangshu of Ministry of War, where he was in charge of Ministry of Industry and managed the third library of Ministry of Industry.

In the 11th year of Jiaqing (1807), he was also in charge of the affairs of Shuntian prefect. In the 12th year of Jiaqing (1808), he was transferred to the official department.

In the 14th year of Jiaqing (18 10), he was given the title of Prince Shao Bao. Gao Tianfeng, the official in charge of the warehouse, was exposed for stealing rice. Because he was a warehouse manager for a long time but didn't notice this, he was deprived of his position in the East Palace, lowered his second-class hat, dismissed and stayed in office, and it took him a long time to recover.

In the 16th year of Jiaqing (18 12), he served as the minister of the household department. Soon, he served as the co-founder of the university as an official minister.

Zou Bingtai has served in the official department for a long time, especially in selecting and appointing officials. In the eighteenth year of Jiaqing (18 14), due to the mistake of the chief of the military selection department, colleague Hu Tuli listened to the opinions of the competent officials and insisted on defending him.

Zou Bingtai strongly advised: "I am very old, how can I be reluctant to pay?" You can't corrupt the laws of the imperial court from me! "I told the story myself, and the emperor thought what he said was right, and finally Hutuli was dismissed. Soon after, two officials who were demoted and dismissed opposed the post after approval because of donations. Peng Ling, assistant minister of Chu, disagreed with him, so he heard about the emperor. The emperor reprimanded Zou Bingtai for not having a definite view and demoted him to stay.

Another thief hijacked Yao Kun, the minister of war, in Baxianzhuang, Changping County. The emperor wrote that Zou Bingtai was removed from the post of prefect because the place was close to the capital area, and the officials were mediocre and inferior, which could not stop the bandits. When Lin Qingzhi's rebellion happened, the rebels lived in Gu 'an and Huangcun. Zou Bingtai was investigated when he was in office, and was demoted to Zhong Yun and Zanshan.

I will retire soon and go back to my hometown. Jiaqing twenty-five years (182 1), died.

Zou Bingtai started as a high-ranking scholar, but he didn't climb the gate of the imperial court and floated in the library. It was a long time before he became a senior official second only to Xiang Qing. He has been in charge of the Ministry of Rites for many times and has been praised as a sage.

When he was an official in North Korea, he did not hesitate. Renzong (Emperor Jiaqing) in Qing Dynasty valued him very much, but he was eventually demoted. Note 1, Jishi Shu: official names of Ming and Qing Dynasties.

There were six subjects in Jishi Shu in the early Ming Dynasty. In the eighteenth year of Hongwu, he made all the officials examine politics and practice their merits.

Those close to the yamen, such as imperial academy and Yu Jian, adopted the meaning of "being an ordinary scholar" in the book and renamed it Jishi Shu. After Yongle, imperial academy enjoyed it exclusively, and was selected by scholars who were excellent in literature and good at books.

After three years, the examination will be conducted, and those with excellent results will be awarded editorial posts respectively; The rest were given to important people, advisers or state and county officials. This is the so-called "scattered museum". The Ming Dynasty attached importance to Hanlin, not that Hanlin did not enter the cabinet after a calm. Therefore, when Jishi Shu started to enter, he was already in this group.

Qing Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, in the Imperial Academy.

2. Explain a passage in classical Chinese in which Wei Zhu wrote the imperial edict, saying: "Northerners are called Tutuo, and then there is the postscript. Wei Zhi first wrote an imperial edict from the original text: Wei Zhu thought: "The northerners are called Tutuo, which is a postscript. Wei Zhu issued an imperial edict, saying, "Northerners are called Tutuo, and later it is a postscript.

The ancestor of Wei originated from the Yellow Emperor, hence the name Tuoba. The ancestor of Wei originated from the Yellow Emperor and became king because of respecting the soil, hence the name Tuoba. Original text: Fu Tu, Huang Zhi color, the element of everything; Soil, one of yellow, is the origin of all things; Original: It is appropriate to change the surname of Yuanshi County. The names of heroes from the older generation (county names) should be changed. Translation: The surname should be changed to Yuan.

Some of you active ministers and people from your hometown in Dai Jun have compound surnames, so you should change them to simple and memorable surnames.

3. Translation of Zhang Xian's classical Chinese "The Biography of Tang Chen Chuan in the New Five Dynasties" in Chapter 16, the word Jinyang is allowed.

He is quiet and lustless, not very studious, can play the piano and drink. Zhuang Zongsu knew what he said and thought that Tianxiong Army was our secretary.

Zhuang Zong acceded to the throne, worshipped the assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, hired an envoy, moved the assistant minister of punishments, sentenced the official department to the official department, and left Du Dong as an agreement. Xian is good at handling official business and has a strong ability to govern the country.

Zhuang Zongxing's east capital was Dingzhou, and Zhuang ordered Xian to rule the DPRK and kowtowed to the capital. At the beginning, Zhuang Zongjian was built in Du Dong and Juchang was the altar of the throne, so he declared: "The throne is king, so Wang Xing."

The altar of Han Maonan and Wei Fanyang is still there and cannot be destroyed. "But don't think of Gong Xi as a bow court. When the field was not finished, Zhuang Zong was very angry and ordered two men to destroy the altar.

Xian retreated and sighed, "This is an ominous sign!" In the early Ming Dynasty, the northern expedition to Qidan took Wei's armor and gave it to the army. There are 500 pieces of exquisite armor, which Xi 'an didn't hear about and gave. When Zhuang Zong arrived in Wei, he was furious and blamed Chiyou for acting on his own initiative.

Ask Xianku money geometry again. With 32,000 pieces of silver in the treasury, Zhuang was furious and said that his wife, Shi Yanqiong, said, "It takes more than 100,000 yuan to drink with the ministers and give me old paper.

When I crossed the river, there were often millions in the national treasury. What can I do now? "YanQiong for constitutional solution is like the palm of his hand. When Guo Chongtao attacked Shu, he recommended Xian as the prime minister, and eunuchs and actors didn't want Xian in the court. They said, "If you kill the Prime Minister in front of the son of heaven, you can do it again. If one party is appointed, if it is not the man, it will be a lot of trouble.

One side is better than the other. "But think Taiyuan Yin, Beijing left behind.

Zhang Xian. Zhuang Zong was killed, and Mingzong entered Beijing. Taiyuan is still unknown, but Cun Wang has been in charge of Taiyuan.

The left and right sides reported to the Constitution, saying, "I'm in the south, and my master's life and death are uncertain. Saving the tyrant has no imperial edict, and riding a horse breaks the autumn. Aren't you a loser? It is advisable to detain it for life. " The sage said, "My book was born without merit. However, my master is very kind to me. How can I be happy for my change and die for it? " Xian was engaged to Zhang Zhaoyuan, which showed that the sect advised him to make progress, but Xian refused.

Seeing Beijing inspector Fu Yanchao, I am willing to save my life for the monks. Yan Chao's soldiers made a scene and killed Cunba. Xian went to Yizhou and also saw the murder.

Oh! If you give it to the dead, you will get three people and lose three. The deaths of Gong and He have caused people's mourning.

As for the question of Zhang Xian, this is particularly regrettable. In view of the fact that the old history tests the Constitution, the books written by Yong Ba, Fu Yanchao and the Constitution are different from beginning to end, so they can only be tested.

When Gaifang is in a hurry. The preacher made a slip of the tongue

However, if you want to have a big festival, you can also have a look. Xian's sincerity can be described as loyalty. When he cut off the envoy politely regardless of his family, he sobbed and refused to show his distance, and his ambition was obvious.

Until he wanted to die with the bully, and the bully was killed, he abandoned Taiyuan and fled, but he still didn't know what he wanted. However, I don't think the old historian gave up the city and died.

I gave it to Xiangu to realize my ambition, but I lost my constitutional position and the date of death is unknown, so it should not be listed in the Death Day.

4. Classical Chinese Cui Yanbo biography and translation Cui Yanbo, Boling people.

Zu Cuishou fell into Jiangnan regime in Pengcheng. Cui Yanbo is very energetic, and teenagers are famous for being brave and strong.

I was an official in Xiao Ze, and was stationed in the military patrol, with Haokou as the garrison commander. During the period of Taihe, he joined Huang Wei, and Gao Zu praised this behavior and served as the permanent commander in chief.

Courage and courage, whether it is strategy or conquest, can go a long way. Merit gradually accumulated, the court named him general Lu and Jingzhou secretariat, and named him Dingling Gong.

Jingzhou is treacherous and chaotic, and there are often forces gathering to make trouble. Cui Yanbo has attacked the army and destroyed it. The result is peaceful, and no one dares to make trouble again. During Yongping years, he was transferred to the post-army general and the secretariat of Youzhou.

Xiao Yan sent Zhao Zuyue, a left guerrilla general, to steal Shi Xia, and the emperor made Cui Yanbo a special envoy to crusade against the enemy with Governor Cui Liang. Cui Liang ordered Cui Yanbo to stay in Cai Xia.

Yan Bo and other generals relied on the Huaihe River to build a camp. Cui Yanbo then took the wheel, except the circle, sharpened it, took bamboo as a rope, and it was endless, with more than ten roads and horizontal water as a bridge. Large pulleys are put at both ends, allowing soldiers to swim inside, so that they can't burn.

Cui Yanbo not only cut off the back road of Zhao Zuyue and others, but also made Zhou Yun unable to communicate, making Xiao Yan's reinforcements unable to go to the rescue, and Zhao Zuyue's whole army was captured. Yan Bo was worshipped by General Pingnan and Doctor Guanglu in the army.

Cui Yanbo and Yang Dayan came to Beijing from Huaiyang, and Empress Ling introduced Cui Yanbo and others in Xilin Garden. Empress Dowager Cixi said, "Your ambitions are still heroic, and they are all famous generals. Some time ago, you made great contributions to pacify nepheline.

But the Huaihe weir is still there, so we need to make some plans, so we invite everyone to discuss it together, and each of you will come up with a plan for later use. Yang Dayan said: "My idea is to go hand in hand with land, so that we can be invincible."

Cui Yanbo said: "Today, it is difficult for me to be narrow-minded. Since the answer of the sacred face should be realistic, there is a ditch in the Huaihe River, a ditch in the south and a ditch in the north. How to carry out the plan of land attack? With my short-sightedness, I hope that the sacred heart will pity the sailors' hard work and give them a year to fight on water. If there is an accident, they can use it at any time. " Ling Hou said, "As Ai Qing said, this is profound and crucial, so I will do as you say."

In the second year of Yongping (509), the court named him General Anbei, and he was appointed as the secretariat of the state. In the state, he embezzled the property of officials and people, and his reputation was far and near.

The court called Dr. Jin Ziguang back. He became a general in Zhennan, a general in qi zhou and a general in the west, and also sent a horse to Ai Hua.

In the autumn of 524, Zheng Guang was named as the founder of Dangli County, with 200 food cities. Soon after, there were 100 food cities, and Xinfeng and Jin Jue were renamed as children. At that time, Mo Dainian gave birth to his younger brother. He was born in Gansu to the East, and Yuan Zhi, the general of the Western Expedition, was captured by Mo Dainian. The thief was aggressive and stationed in Blackwater.

Cui Yanbo was appointed by the emperor as the governor of the west and the general of the west, and together with Xiao Baohuan, he crusaded against the enemy. Xiao Baoyuan and Cui Yanbo camped in Mawei, more than a hundred steps away from the north and south.

Every day, Bao Xiaohuan called the generals to discuss how to attack the enemy. Every time Cui Yanbo said, "The enemy has just won, and the momentum is fierce, so it is difficult to compete with it." Xiao Baoyu looked unhappy: "Your majesty, you are partial to the country, the general army speaks out, and the national security is integrated. You often show cowardice, damaging my imperial power and ruining the morale of the army. It is your sin."

Cui Yanbo went to Xiao Baokui to apologize the next morning and said, "Now it's time for me to help you test the enemy's courage." Cui Yanbo selected thousands of elite soldiers, crossed the blackwater, and went west to the enemy camp. Xiao Baoyu led the troops to find the original northwest in Shuidong to show his successor.

At that time, the enemy was crazy and even camped in a place west of the water. Cui Yanbo went to the enemy camp, swaggering the enemy and slowly retreating back to the army.

The enemy Cui Yanbo was outnumbered by ten times and was forced by water. Xiao Baoyu went out to watch in person, fearing that Yanbo would lose anything.

Cui Yanbo didn't kill the enemy. He personally went to the back of the temple and led his troops to the east, running like a god. Soon he crossed all this, and he slowly crossed himself. The enemy was discouraged and went back to camp.

Xiao Baoyu was very happy and said to the bureaucrats, "Duke Cui is the reincarnation of ancient Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Why worry about not being able to subdue the enemy this year? "

Cui Yanbo met Xiao Baokui and immediately said, "These enemies are no match for the old slaves. Just wait for the play. " The day after tomorrow, Cui Yanbo led the attack, and Xiao Baoyuan was the last.

Mo Zhesheng led all the troops to meet him, and Cui Yanbo ordered the soldiers to go first, disturbing the enemy striker. So the army was brave and sharp and broke the enemy. More than 100,000 prisoners killed the enemy and chased the little dragon.

The enemy of Qin was brave and tenacious, and all the generals were afraid. At the beginning of the imperial court, it was said that no one could settle down unless Cui Yanbo. Sure enough, we defeated the enemy this time.

The court awarded him the right-back general. At that time, Ugly Slave, Su Qin Mingda and others invaded Jingzhou.

Prior to this, Lv Zuqian, Yin Wengsheng and other generals marched in Yuan Zhi at the beginning, and at the same time led troops to Yongzhou, ready to seize Gaoping from Liu Mo Road. Yuan Zhi was defeated, but they still stayed in the military well.

After defeating the Qin thief, Cui Yanbo led the army and Xiao Baoyu to meet the enemy in stability. The strength suddenly increased to 120,000, and the iron horse was 8,000, and the military power was very strong. The ugly slave camped in Dangyuan City, seventy miles northwest of Jingzhou. From time to time, he rode to challenge, but the soldiers ran away without paying.

Cui Yanbo won by success, so he asked to lead the army. Cut down trees to build a large platoon with a security post inside, and coach Qiang Bing charged on his shoulder. This is the so-called platoon city. Soldiers outside, the trench in the middle, from Jingzhou Yuanyuan north.

The army is preparing to leave the camp to attack the enemy, but before the battle, hundreds of enemy troops used documents to say that they surrendered and asked the army to wait. Xiao Baoyu and Cui Yanbo thought it was a fact, but they didn't do it.

Soon Su Qin and Minda led the army from the northeast, begged the enemy from the west, and the army was attacked from front to back. Cui Yanbo mounted his horse and made a sudden attack. The enemy's offensive was frustrated, and soon it was unstoppable and headed north for the enemy camp.

The enemy were all light riders, while the Yanbo troops were all infantry, exhausted and neglected in management, so the enemy took advantage of the gap and entered Paicheng. Cui Yanbo's army suffered a crushing defeat, with nearly 20,000 casualties.

Xiao Baoyu packed up his troops and surrendered to Jingzhou. Cui Yanbo repaired equipment, used money to recruit brave men, and went west from Jingzhou to camp seven miles away from the enemy Peng Kanggu camp.

Cui Yanbo was ashamed of his previous setbacks and didn't report to Xiao Baoyuan, so he led the army out of the camp to attack the enemy, which greatly wiped out the enemy and soon leveled several stockades. The enemy fled one after another, and Yan Bo saw his soldiers.

5. Look at the following classical Chinese, Jiangge spreads Jiangge, but the words are not reflected. Jiyang people also have minor problems 1: bMinor problem 1: bMinor problem 1:D Minor problem1:Minor problem 65438.

Jiangge was smart and agile since he was a child, and he could write at the age of six. When his father died at the age of nine, he was lonely and poor, but he studied tirelessly.

At the age of sixteen, my mother died again, famous for her mourning. After the mourning period expires, he will be replaced by the son of the country.

Xie Tiao, an official of the official department, admired him very much. Xie Tiao once visited and greeted Jiangge.

At that time, it was freezing and snowing, and Jiangge was addicted to books. Xie Tiao sighed, so he took off his cotton-padded jacket and put it on Jiangge, and cut off half a piece of felt to make a mattress for Jiangge. Because Jiangge has the ability to govern the country, he was entrusted with the position of Guangling Prefecture.

Jiangge was guarding Pengcheng at that time. After the fall of Cheng Peng, Jiangge never learned equestrian again, so he returned by boat and was captured by Ren Wei.

Wang Yanming, the secretariat of Wei, heard about Jiangge's talent and received him generously. There is something wrong with Jiangge's foot, so he won't pay homage.

Yan Ming wanted to kill him, so he asked Jiangge to write an article as a sacrifice to Peng Zu. Jiangge downloads the QR code by scanning the user 20 17- 10-26. 2020 ? Contact information: service @ Zuo Yebang? The agreement Var user city = "\ u53 17 \ u4EAC ",user province = "\ u53 17 \ u4EAC", and Wen Zuo Small = "2.

6. Translation of Classical Chinese {Wei Yang died in Wei Qin} Full-text translation and achievements of Shang Yang's political reform {original sentence}. Shang Yang is the translation of Wei Yang who died in Wei State and entered Qin State;

Wei Yang fled from Wei to Qin, made him prime minister, and gave him a piece of commercial land, called ... Shang Jun ruled Qin, and his laws and regulations were very complete, and he was honest and selfless. He punished the offenders for not avoiding the strong race, and rewarded those who made meritorious deeds for not favoring relatives and trusted ministers. Law and discipline involved the prince, and even the prince's teacher was punished.

One year after the implementation of Shang Jun's Law, no one picked up the things lost on the road, and ordinary people dared not take wealth indiscriminately. This country is very powerful, so the governors are afraid of Qin. However, Shang Jun's law enforcement was too strict, and he only forced his ministers and people to obey by coercive means.

After eight years of ruling the country according to the laws of Shang Jun, Qin Xiaogong was seriously ill and wanted to pass the throne to Shang Jun, but Shang Jun politely refused to accept it. Later, Xiao Gong died and his son Hui Wang succeeded to the throne. Shortly after taking office, I was afraid of setting myself up and wanted to go back to Wei.

Someone said to King Hui: "Too high a minister's reputation will harm the country, and too close to his aides will harm the king himself. Nowadays, even the women and children of Qin are talking about the decrees, but no one is talking about your decrees.

This is the Shang Dynasty's rebellion against ministers, and your majesty has become a human minister. Shang Jun is the king's enemy! I hope the king will take measures against him. "Shang Jun did not return to Wei, but returned to Qin. King Hui of Qin tortured him, but Qin people did not pity him.

Achievements of Shang Yang's political reform;

1. After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin changed the old relations of production economically, abandoned mines to open houses, and fundamentally established private ownership of land;

2. Politically, the old patriarchal clan system was impacted and disintegrated, the state mechanism was more perfect, and the centralized construction began.

3. Militarily, rewarding the meritorious military service achieved Qiang Bing's goal, greatly improved the combat effectiveness of the army, and developed into the most powerful country in the late Warring States period, which created favorable conditions for Qin's subsequent strategic development and laid the foundation for the reunification of the whole country.

Shang Yang (about 395-338 BC) was born in Dunqiu, Weiguo (now Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, Anyang City, Henan Province). Politicians, reformers, thinkers in the Warring States period, representatives of legalists, descendants of the king who defended the country.

Shang Yang assisted Qin Xiaogong and actively promoted political reform, making A Qin a rich and powerful country, which is known as Shang Yang's political reform in history. Politically, the household registration, bugle call, land system, administrative divisions, taxation, weights and measures, folk customs, etc. of Qin State were reformed and harsh laws were enacted. Economically, it advocates emphasizing agriculture and restraining business, and rewarding farming; Militarily, the land of Hexi was recovered and given to Shang in 15 city, which was called Shang Yang in history.

Extended data:

Shang Yang mentioned in the political reform debate that "saints can strengthen the country, but they are not legal; If you can benefit the people, don't obey their etiquette "has become the guiding principle of Qin's politics, making Qin ahead of the six Shandong countries." "

Secondly, Shang Yang did not avoid powerful people in law enforcement, and the punishment for doctors showed that he resolutely implemented this idea of Legalism. Finally, the legalist school also has a * * nature, that is, Shang Yang, like the legalist school, carried out political reforms with the attitude and spirit of "knowing the law" and let the people know the law.

The influence of Shang Yang's independent thought is mainly manifested in three aspects. First of all, Shang Yang advocated the economic policy of whole agriculture. To this end, he promulgated the "Order of Reclaiming Grass" and formulated 20 laws on reclaiming wasteland by emphasizing agriculture. On the one hand, it directly or indirectly develops agriculture, on the other hand, it suppresses industry and commerce. Secondly, Shang Yang advocated severe punishment and reward.

Shang Yang believes that human nature is profit-seeking and fear of sin. As long as the people are severely punished and rewarded, the people can govern well and the country can be stable. Therefore, on the one hand, Shang Yang made a strict criminal law to govern the people, on the other hand, he rewarded Li Xin. Third, Shang Yang advocated attaching importance to military affairs and militarism. Finally, Shang Yang advocated that the state should unify the people's thoughts and formulate a unified system to achieve the goal of reunification.

After his death, Shang Yang's thought gradually formed a school called Business School. After five stages of establishment, exploration, development, finalization and stamina, business studies gradually became the mainstream of thought that ruled the Qin State and even the Qin Dynasty, in line with the history of the Qin Dynasty.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wei Yang dies, Wei enters Qin.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Shang Yang Reform