Debating competition on whether the difficulty in finding employment among college students is due to "lack of positions" or the "poor quality" of college students

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Self-entrepreneurship loans for college students

1. Application conditions:

1. College graduates or above;

2. 6 years after graduation Have not been employed for more than three months and have registered as unemployed with the local labor and social security department.

2. Loan period:

The small entrepreneurial loans provided by the state to college graduates are government subsidized loans with a term of 1 to 2 years. After 2 years, they will no longer enjoy financial benefits. discount.

3. Loan methods:

The small loan methods for college graduates to start their own businesses are guaranteed and mortgage (pledge) loans.

4. Relevant instructions

For specific operation methods, please consult the local Labor and Social Security Bureau. In addition, there are other preferential policies for college students to start their own businesses. For example, those engaged in individual business will be exempted from industrial and commercial registration and management administrative fees for one year; those who start their own businesses and seek employment can also The household registration files will be hosted at the Municipal Employment Guidance Service Center for College and Technical Secondary School Graduates. For specific policies on self-employment of college graduates, the relevant departments should be consulted.

Five. Application materials

When applying for this type of loan, there are three important points:

First, the loan applicant must have a fixed residence or business place. Secondly, a business license and operating permit, stable income and the ability to repay principal and interest; thirdly and most importantly, the entrepreneur has a certain amount of his own funds for the project he invests in.

Only those who meet the above conditions can apply to the bank. The information required when applying mainly includes: proof of marital status, personal or family income and property status and other repayment ability documents; relevant agreements on the purpose of the loan. , contract; guarantee materials, ownership certificates and lists involving collateral or pledges, and mortgage (pledge) valuation reports issued by the bank's recognized appraisal department.

In addition to written materials, there must be collateral. There are many types of mortgages, including movable and real estate mortgages, time deposit certificate pledges, securities pledges, highly liquid movable assets pledges, and qualified guarantor guarantees. The amount of payment is determined based on the specific guarantee method.

Amount requirements

Business loan amount requirements are generally: the maximum amount does not exceed the working capital required by the borrower for normal production and operation activities, purchase (installation or repair) of small equipment (machines) and franchise chain 70 of the total funds required for operation;

The term is generally 2 years, with a maximum term of no more than 3 years, of which the maximum term for production and operating working capital loans is 1 year;

Individuals Entrepreneurship loans are subject to the term loan interest rate promulgated by the People's Bank of China, which can fluctuate up or down within the prescribed range.

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2. For personal entrepreneurial loans with a loan term of more than one year, the principal and interest repayment method of the loan can be the equal principal and interest repayment method or the equal principal repayment method, or it can be repaid in other ways agreed upon by both parties.

The relevant preferential policies depend on your local government.

Tax-free policy

College graduates (including junior college students, undergraduate students, and graduate students) who engage in self-employment are exempted from paying self-employed registration fees and self-employed business registration fees for one year from the date of approval. Management fees, economic contract sample text production costs, etc. In addition, if you set up an informal enterprise, you only need to register it at the district or county street where you are located, and you will be exempt from tax for 3 years.

Chongqing college students are facing employment pressure, and less than 10% of the positions are for fresh graduates

Hualong News In October this autumn, the 2009 fresh college graduates will begin to enter the workplace. Reporters learned from the four major talent markets in Chongqing that among all the positions offered by employers, less than 10% are for fresh graduates, and the employment pressure has never been more severe.

Fresh graduates will rarely face four pressures at the same time when looking for a job.

Pressure 1: The number of graduates has increased significantly again. Although the city's college enrollment expansion has slowed down in the past two years, the city's number of fresh graduates in 2009 will still increase by 16% year-on-year to 129,000.

Pressure 2: Campus recruitment by foreign companies has been reduced by 50%. Zhicheng Talent Market is the first foreign investment and foreign trade talent exchange base in our city. Half of the more than 300 well-known foreign companies that have long-term talent exchange and cooperation with Zhicheng have canceled their recruitment plans this year, including more than a dozen Fortune 500 companies stationed in Chongqing. . The person in charge analyzed that the global economic downturn has made foreign companies want to use more experienced people and save training costs.

Pressure 3: Most private companies do not recruit fresh graduates. The "Labor Contract Law" stipulates that companies must pay full salaries during the probation period, which makes private companies choose to give up fresh graduates and would rather offer high salaries to grab experienced workers.

Pressure 4: Liberal arts students are having a hard time finding jobs. The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Talent Center said that in ordinary years, the jobs suitable for liberal arts students are only one-third of those for science and engineering students. This year, the demand for liberal arts positions continues to shrink.

The following are the general direction policies of the country

Graduates from ordinary colleges and universities (hereinafter referred to as college graduates) are valuable human resources in our country. At present, affected by the international financial crisis, my country's employment situation is very severe, and the employment pressure of college graduates has increased. All regions and relevant departments should put the employment of college graduates at the top of the current employment work, take practical and effective measures to broaden employment opportunities, encourage college graduates to find employment at the grassroots level in urban and rural areas, central and western regions and small and medium-sized enterprises, encourage self-employment, and encourage Key enterprises and scientific research project units will absorb and stabilize the employment of college graduates. In order to further strengthen the employment of college graduates, with the consent of the State Council, the relevant issues are hereby notified as follows:

1. Encourage and guide college graduates to find employment at the grassroots level in urban and rural areas. Encourage college graduates to actively participate in the construction of new socialist countryside, urban community construction, and enlist in the army. Focusing on the grassroots social management, public services, production services, life services, rescue services and other fields for the masses, vigorously develop grassroots social management and public service positions suitable for the employment of college graduates, and guide college graduates to the grassroots employment. For college graduates who engage in social management and public service work at the grassroots level in rural areas and urban communities, and who meet the employment conditions for public welfare positions and are employed in public welfare positions, social insurance subsidies and subsidies will be provided in accordance with the current national employment promotion policy. For public welfare job subsidies, the required funds will be disbursed from the special employment funds; for those who are employed in other social management and public service positions at rural grassroots and urban communities, salary or living subsidies will be provided, and the required funds will be settled according to existing channels. At the same time, Participate in relevant social insurance as required. For college graduates who are employed in rural grassroots units below the county level in the central and western regions and difficult and remote areas and have fulfilled a certain service period, as well as college graduates who are drafted into the army to perform compulsory military service, corresponding tuition fees and student loan reimbursements will be implemented in accordance with regulations. College graduates with grassroots work experience will be given priority when recruiting graduate students and public institutions, and the proportion of civil servants recruited by party and government agencies at or above the prefecture and municipal level must be further expanded.

Continue to implement and improve special projects for grassroots employment and expand the scope of projects. Relevant departments will continue to strengthen the organization and leadership of relevant projects, and the provincial people's government is responsible for the policy connection between various grassroots employment projects. In 2009, the relevant departments of the central government continued to organize and implement the "selecting college graduates to work in villages", "three supports and one support" (supporting education, supporting agriculture, supporting medical care and poverty alleviation), "College Student Volunteer Service in the West Plan", "Rural Compulsory Education" For projects such as the "Special Position Plan for Staged School Teachers", various localities should also carry out local projects according to local conditions to encourage and guide more college graduates to sign up. College graduates are encouraged to stay in the local area for employment after the end of the project. In the future, all vacant posts corresponding to natural attrition will be filled with college graduates who have expired. College graduates participating in the project will be provided with living subsidies, and the required funds will be settled through current funding channels, and they will also participate in relevant social insurance in accordance with regulations.

The connection methods for the relevant treatment policies for each specialized project will be separately studied and formulated by relevant departments such as the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Education, the Organization Department of the Central Committee, and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.

2. Encourage college graduates to find employment in small and medium-sized enterprises and non-public enterprises. Various small and medium-sized enterprises and non-public enterprises are the main channels for employment of college graduates. It is necessary to further clear up the institutional obstacles and restrictions that affect the employment of college graduates, provide them with services in file management, personnel agency, social insurance processing and renewal, professional title evaluation, and protection of rights and interests, so as to form a favorable environment for college graduates to find employment in enterprises. social environment. For enterprises to recruit college graduates or above who have non-local registered permanent residence, cities in all regions should cancel settlement restrictions (municipalities directly under the Central Government shall comply with relevant regulations). Enterprises that recruit qualified college graduates can enjoy relevant employment support policies in accordance with regulations. Labor-intensive small businesses that recruit registered unemployed university graduates and other urban registered unemployed people to a specified proportion can enjoy small guaranteed loan support of up to 2 million yuan in accordance with regulations.

3. Encourage key enterprises and scientific research project units to actively absorb and stabilize the employment of college graduates. Encourage large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, especially innovative enterprises, to create conditions to recruit more college graduates with technical expertise for employment. Give full play to the role of high-tech development zones, economic and technological development zones and high-tech enterprises in attracting college graduates to find employment, and strengthen the training, use and reserve of talents. When implementing the work of supporting enterprises in difficulty to stabilize their workforces, various localities should guide enterprises not to lay off employees or reduce layoffs, and to retain more technical backbones of college graduates. Eligible enterprises in difficulty can be given a period of employment within 6 months in 2009 in accordance with regulations. Social insurance subsidies or job subsidies are paid from the unemployment insurance fund; if enterprises in difficulty carry out on-the-job training, financial subsidies will be provided according to regulations. Units undertaking major national and local scientific research projects must actively recruit outstanding college graduates to participate in research, and their labor costs and relevant social insurance subsidies shall be disbursed from project funds in accordance with regulations. Specific measures shall be studied and formulated by science and technology, education, finance and other departments. . During the period when college graduates participate in the project research, their household registration and files can be stored in the talent exchange center where the project unit is located or where the family was before enrollment. After the employment period expires, you can renew your appointment or find employment in other positions according to work needs. The length of service after employment and the working time during the project research period are combined and calculated, and the social insurance payment period is calculated continuously.

4. Encourage and support college graduates to start their own businesses. Encourage colleges and universities to actively carry out entrepreneurship education and practical activities. For qualified college graduates engaged in self-employment, administrative fees will be waived, and existing tax preferential policies and entrepreneurial business site arrangements will be implemented to encourage the employment of disabled people, the re-employment of laid-off workers, and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech enterprises. . Self-employed college graduates who have registered as unemployed at the local public employment service agency and have insufficient self-raised funds can apply for a small guaranteed loan of no more than 50,000 yuan; for those who are engaged in partnership operations and organized employment, they can apply for appropriate loans in accordance with regulations. Expand the scale of loans; those engaged in low-profit projects stipulated by the local government can enjoy interest discount support in accordance with regulations. College graduates who are willing to start a business and participate in entrepreneurship training will be given vocational training subsidies in accordance with regulations. Strengthen entrepreneurship guidance services for college graduates and provide "one-stop" services including policy consultation, project development, entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurship incubation, small loans, business start-up guidance, and follow-up guidance. All localities should build and improve a number of college student entrepreneurial parks and entrepreneurial incubation bases with small investment and quick results, and provide relevant policy support. Encourage and support college graduates to find flexible employment in various forms and protect their legitimate rights and interests. Those who comply with regulations can enjoy social insurance subsidy policies.

5. Strengthen employment services and employment guidance for college graduates. Give full play to the role of the human resources market in allocating resources and strengthen the functions of public employment services. Human resources and social security, education and other departments and colleges and universities should strengthen cooperation, adopt various methods such as online recruitment, special recruitment, supply and demand negotiations, and employers' visits to campus, and vigorously carry out a series of employment service activities for college graduates to provide fresh college graduates with Provide students with more, faster and better free employment information and various employment services.

Colleges and universities should strengthen employment guidance for college students, set up employment guidance courses as required courses, and focus on helping graduates understand employment policies, improve job search skills, and adjust employment expectations. Strengthen the construction of employment guidance service institutions in colleges and universities and implement personnel, venues and funds. Strengthen human resources market management, severely crack down on violations of laws and regulations, strengthen the safety of recruitment activities, and safeguard the employment rights and interests of college graduates.

6. Improve the employability of college graduates. Vigorously organize internships with the purpose of promoting employment to ensure that college graduates can participate in internships before leaving school. Improve the internship system for college graduates who have left school but are not employed, and encourage internship units to give priority to college graduates who are employed as trainees. During the internship period, the internship unit and local government will provide basic living allowances. Develop a group of employers with a strong sense of social responsibility and standardized management as internship and training bases for college graduates. Starting from 2009, it took three years to organize 1 million unemployed college graduates to participate in internships. Strengthen skills training for students in higher vocational colleges, implement a "double certificate" system for graduation certificates and vocational qualification certificates, and strive to enable qualified fresh graduates of relevant majors to obtain corresponding vocational qualification certificates through vocational skills appraisal. The human resources and social security departments shall provide special or other forms of vocational skill appraisal services based on the needs of college graduates, and the education department and colleges and universities must provide active cooperation. Appraisal subsidies will be provided to college graduates who meet the conditions for people with difficulty finding employment in accordance with regulations.

7. Strengthen employment assistance for college graduates with difficulties. For college graduates from disadvantaged families, colleges and universities can provide appropriate job search subsidies based on actual conditions. When agencies at all levels recruit civil servants and public institutions recruit staff, they will waive registration fees and physical examination fees for college graduates from disadvantaged families. For college graduates who have returned to their place of origin without employment after leaving school, public employment service agencies in various places must find out the basics, provide free policy consultation, career guidance, career introduction and personnel file custody and other services, and organize them to participate in employment internships. , vocational skills training and other activities to promote employment. For college graduates who are registered as unemployed, all localities must include them in the local unemployment support policy system. For college graduates who have difficulty finding jobs and college graduates from zero-employment families, support measures such as one-on-one career guidance, key recommendations to employers, and public welfare job placement will be implemented, and social insurance subsidies, public welfare job subsidies, etc. will be implemented in accordance with regulations. Employment Assistance Policy.

8. Strengthen leadership and clarify responsibilities. All localities should strengthen the organizational leadership for the employment of college graduates, incorporate the employment of college graduates into the local overall employment plan, make overall arrangements, determine goals and tasks, implement a target responsibility system, and strengthen work assessment and supervision. All relevant departments must effectively perform their functions and implement their work responsibilities. Human resources and social security departments at all levels should take the lead in formulating and implementing employment policies for college graduates, and provide employment guidance and employment services for college graduates after they leave school. The education department should guide colleges and universities to vigorously strengthen employment guidance and services for current students, and continue to deepen the reform of higher education. The financial department should make overall arrangements for funds to promote the employment of college graduates based on the employment situation and actual needs of college graduates. Other relevant departments must conscientiously perform their duties, strengthen coordination and cooperation, and jointly promote the work. It is necessary to vigorously promote the employment of college graduates, guide college graduates to establish a correct outlook on employment and talent, and form a good public opinion environment in which the whole society jointly promotes multiple channels for employment of college graduates. All localities must follow the requirements of this notice and combine local realities to formulate effective policies and measures, carry out work creatively, and do everything possible to promote the employment of college graduates.

General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

January 19, 2009