Development trend and prospect of welding machine

With the increasing market competition, survival of the fittest and survival of the fittest will become the inevitable trend of structural adjustment of electric welding machine industry. Some welding machine enterprises have grown stronger in the competition and even developed into large groups; Some enterprises will face bankruptcy, or be merged or acquired, thus withdrawing from the welding machine industry. However, no matter from the current development trend of the output composition ratio of electric welding machines or the technical development direction of electric welding machines, electric welding machines in China will develop in the direction of high efficiency, energy saving, electromechanical integration and complete sets in the future.

3. 1 arc welding equipment

Arc welding equipment is a kind of welding equipment with large quantity and wide range. Arc welding equipment is divided into manual welding machine, semi-automatic welding machine, automatic welding machine, robot welding machine and intelligent welding machine. From the nature of power supply, there are AC welder, DC welder and AC /DC dual-purpose arc welder; From the control mode, there are thyristor welder, IGBT inverter welder, digital welder and arc welder controlled by microcomputer (single chip microcomputer); In terms of application, there are covered electrode arc welding machine, gas shielded welding machine and submerged arc welding machine.

A. At present, China's arc welding equipment is gradually catching up with and approaching the international level. There are many kinds of arc welding equipment and complete products in China. The current ranges from 10 A to 1250 A, from schoolbag size to large submerged arc welding machine, from manual operation to intelligent welding robot. IGBT inverter and single-chip microcomputer control technology are widely used in arc welding equipment, and a general controller has been made, but there is still a stable market for thyristor welding machines. CO2 welding machine and MIG welding machine adopt more accurate control technology of one pulse and one drop, which makes welding spatter less, weld formation more beautiful and welding quality improved. The development of digital welding machine has attracted the attention of many scientific research institutes and large enterprises, and has been recognized and welcomed by more manufacturers. Expert system, intelligent welding machine, welding quality monitoring and tracking system (such as arc length tracking, weld swing device, mechanical, optical and electronic weld tracking, etc.). ) has been further studied and more and more widely used; Arc welding robot plays a more important role in automatic production and difficult and harmful production environment; During the development of arc welding equipment, the awareness of environmental protection is gradually strengthened, and many researchers, manufacturers and users attach importance to soft switching technology, electromagnetic compatibility of welding equipment, lead-free production, high-frequency protection and anti-electric shock devices. Most welding manufacturers have passed 3C ISO9000 quality system and compulsory product certification. Strengthening internal management, improving product quality, establishing brand awareness and improving market competitiveness have become the conscious actions of the majority of welding equipment manufacturers.

Because there are many welding machine manufacturers, especially arc welding machine manufacturers, all over the country, the welding machine technology and quality level are uneven, and some arc welding machines with low technical level, poor adaptability, unstable quality and large parameter fluctuation range still have a certain market, which requires the joint efforts of production enterprises, users and quality inspection supervision departments to improve the overall level of arc welding machine production in China. At the same time, we should strengthen the research and development of high-quality, portable and dexterous automatic twin-wire welding equipment, especially the popularization and application of twin-wire gas shielded welding machine. Although this kind of equipment has been produced by enterprises, it is still in short supply and has great promotion value, especially in surfacing welding.

B vigorously developing gas shielded welding (wire feeding welding) and popularizing the application of inverter power supply are the working directions in the next five years. Domestic digital welding machine technology will reach the level of foreign countries in the 1990s. The technology of SCR CO2 welding machine and inverter CO2 welding machine will be more mature, and the excessive form of droplet is mostly one pulse and one drop.

Adjust product structure, improve product grade and meet market demand. Inverted multifunctional gas shielded welding machine and inverted submerged arc welding machine have won praise from customers for their good performance and reliable and durable characteristics. Inverter welding machine will develop in the direction of digitalization, light weight, energy saving and high reliability.

Digital inverter power supply and high efficiency gas shielded welding are the development directions of 15 in the future. The welding machine will realize digital technology, and the intelligent technology will become more and more mature and higher. Inverter CO2 welding can realize one pulse and one drop. Closed-loop control is used to control the droplet transition in the whole specification range, and the control of one pulse and one droplet is also closed-loop control.

C. internal combustion power welder is used for field welding without electricity. Such welding machines developed by China, such as Chongqing Dayun Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Chongqing Kaida Electric Welding Equipment Factory, Chengdu Parker Power Supply Co., Ltd. and Chengdu Xionggu Electric Industry Co., Ltd., have formed a series of products such as on-site welding workstations, self-driven arc welding machines, self-driven multifunctional arc welding machines and rare earth permanent magnet generator sets, which are mainly used for welding concrete pole joints, rails, frog, oil pipes and gas pipes, and are sold to the United States and European countries.

The welding machine can meet the requirements of downward welding process, and adopts IGBT frequency conversion technology to realize two external characteristics of flat welding and downward welding. Through the selective output of this function, satisfactory dynamic characteristics can be obtained in the regulation area of full voltage or full current, and semi-automatic welding of flux-cored wire and downward welding of cellulose covered electrode can be realized.

The welding machine has been driven by four wheels, which can move on the vehicle or in a short distance. The welding machine can walk smoothly and automatically in a short distance through remote control, which is suitable for road conditions such as expressway, mountain roads, dry fields and sandy land.

Five years later, there will be a vehicle-mounted (rubber-tyred) power generation welding machine, which is specially used for emergency welding in the field. At present, it is ready to be installed on the tank emergency vehicle as a military welder.

15, automatic wire feeding for power generation welding, computer-controlled flux-cored wire, multi-function output.

3.3. 1 laser welding

In recent years, China has made great achievements in the research and development of high-power lasers. The power of the developed laser reaches and exceeds 10,000 watts, forming more than a dozen application processes such as laser welding, cutting, drilling, surface treatment, alloying, cladding, rapid prototyping, direct prototyping and lithography, which are widely used in automobile, electronics, aerospace, machinery, metallurgy, railways, ships and other industrial fields. Some famous universities and research institutes have continuously strengthened their research strength in laser welding and cutting equipment and technology, such as the Laser Engineering Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology, the Laser Manufacturing Experimental Building of Minhang New Campus of Shanghai Jiaotong University, the State Key Laboratory of Laser Technology of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Wuhan Chutian Laser Group. Because the research on laser beam quality in China is not deep enough, there is still a big gap compared with the international advanced level in practical application. The research and application of high-power laser welding and cutting equipment and laser-arc hybrid welding equipment basically stay in the laboratory stage, which makes the high-power laser currently used for laser manufacturing only rely on imports.

In the next five years, China should strengthen the research of laser welding machine. The research of high-power CO2 and YAG laser welding and cutting equipment and laser-arc hybrid welding equipment is an important development direction, and these advanced technical equipment are urgently needed in China's production practice. Expand its application in military, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding and other fields, and partially replace imported products and traditional welding processes (resistance spot welding/seam welding, arc welding).

In the next 15 years, on the basis of grafting and introducing foreign key technologies and equipment for laser welding and cutting, it will realize leap-forward development. We will be able to have our own high-power laser welding and cutting for the production line, and more welding equipment manufacturers will develop mature laser-arc composite welding equipment. This technology and equipment have been recognized and adopted by more manufacturers, and we hope it can be cheaper and more widely used.

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