How was the Ming Dynasty established?

1, 1344 (four years from Yuan Shundi to Zheng Zheng), a rare drought and locust plague occurred in Jianghuai area, and the epidemic of plague really left the poor people with no way out. Haozhou (Anzheng Fengyang) took in a lonely young monk at Huang Jue Temple in Zhongli Township. Long-term poverty and hunger, coupled with the new loss of parents and the pain of family diaspora, cast a gloomy shadow on this precocious teenager. But he is deep, lean and spirited, plus his majestic appearance, he is still outstanding. This is Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1328- 1398).

Because he later became an emperor, there are many miracle stories about his adolescence. Of course, this is all made up by later generations. In fact, a young monk from a poor family has a low position in the temple, a heavy job and a hard life. A month later, the temple could not survive. In order to survive, Zhu Yuanzhang had to be a wandering monk and wander around. Three years later, he returned to his hometown. At this time, the peasant uprising of the Red Scarf Army led by Liu Futong and Xu Shouhui, the leaders of the White Lotus Sect, rose in full swing.

3, Dingyuan Guo Zixing Uprising According to the state, Zhu Yuanzhang then joined the insurgents led by Guo Zixing. His wit and courage were appreciated by Guo Zixing, so he betrothed his adopted daughter Ma Shi to him as his wife. Zhu Yuanzhang helped Guo Zixing win Chuzhou and Xiaheyang, and set up his own brigade. /kloc-in the spring of 0/35 (15th year of Zheng Zheng), Guo Zixing died of illness. Han Liner, the eldest son of Guo Zixing, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the left deputy marshal, established the peasant army regime in Bozhou (Bo County, Anhui Province). In June of the same year, this peasant uprising army crossed the Yangtze River and occupied Taiping, an important town in Anhui. In February of the following year, the peasant army attacked Qing Ji (Nanjing, Jiangsu) and Guo Tianxu died. Zhu Yuanzhang began to become a veritable leader of this peasant army. After he captured Qing Ji (later renamed Yingtian), he took it as a base and gradually developed. At that time, Liu Futong was active in Huai River and Yu River, Xu Shouhui and Ni Wenjun were fighting in Hubei, and Zhang Shicheng had crossed the river and occupied Susong area.

These three insurgents attracted and contained the main force of Yuan Army. After the peasant army cut off the north-south traffic line, the local officials of the Yuan Dynasty in Jiangnan were also isolated. Zhu Yuanzhang took advantage of this situation to develop into weak areas in southern Anhui and western Zhejiang, and successively captured Guangde, Xuanzhou, Huizhou, Wuzhou, Quzhou and Chuzhou. Zhu Sheng, a Confucian scholar in Huizhou, suggested to Zhu Yuanzhang: "Build a high wall, accumulate grain widely, and slow down to be king", and put forward the strategy of establishing a solid base, developing production, narrowing the target, reducing resistance, seeking truth and being pragmatic, and not neglecting fame and fortune. Zhu Yuanzhang greatly appreciated this. Then, Zhu Yuanzhang recruited representatives of the landlord class in eastern China, such as Liu Ji, Song School, Zhang Yi, etc., and participated in politics with Ying Tian, thus gaining the cooperation and support of the landlord class in Jiangsu and Sui Dynasties, which grew stronger and stronger. In spite of this, Zhu Yuanzhang's letters in this period still followed the Longfengnian of the Great Song Dynasty, followed the red flag and combat uniform of the Great Song Jun, and was nominally the governor of jiangnan province, the peasant army regime of the Song Dynasty. 136 (21st year of Zheng Zheng)

5. In the Spring Festival, as usual, Zhu Yuanzhang set up a memorial in the provincial government of Zhongshu to celebrate his trip to Wang Xiaoming. Liu Ji said angrily, "It's just a cowherd. Why should we commemorate him? " He refused to bow his head and stated the truth of the so-called "destiny exists" to Zhu Yuanzhang. Under the sponsorship of the landlords, the group led by Zhu Yuanzhang gradually evolved into a new feudal ruling group. Then again, Zhu Yuanzhang was located between Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng. 1360 (twenty years), Chen Youliang went down the Yangtze River, captured Taiping and killed Xu Shouhui before the army. After that, he became emperor and sent messengers to Zhang Shicheng to crusade against Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang took advantage of Chen Youliang's weakness of ambition and arrogance, sent people to surrender, induced Chen Youliang to go deep into Longjiang, ambushed and defeated Chen Youliang's army. 1363 Spring (23rd year of Zheng Zheng), Zhang Shicheng attacked Anfeng and killed Liu Futong.

6. Zhu Yuanzhang led an army to the north to rescue, recaptured Anfeng, and brought Xiao Mingyu and Han Liner to Chuzhou, under his own control. Chen Youliang got the news of Zhu Yuanzhang's aid to Anfeng in the north, stepped in and led an army to besiege Hongdu (now Nanchang). Zhu Yuanzhang immediately returned to Li for reinforcements. The two armies met in Poyang Lake. On the 36th day of fierce fighting, Chen Youliang was shot to death by a flowing arrow, and the whole army was defeated and fled back to Wuchang. In the first year, the king of Wu Zhu Yuanzhang surrounded Wuchang, and Chen Youliang's son Chen Li surrendered, and Han died. 1365 (25th year of Zheng Zheng) In October, Zhu Yuanzhang sent generals Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to attack Zhang Shicheng. Before the split, he promulgated the "Zhou Ping explosion". The article publicly accuses Bailian Sect of "slang" and "witchcraft" and slanders the rebel army for "burning barriers, killing scholars, poisoning the people with tea, and doing nothing for no reason", which shows that it has completely betrayed the position of the peasant uprising. According to historical records, as soon as Zhu Yuanzhang came to power, many people in this group who were originally born in poverty became new feudal emperors and princes, with a large number of landlords and tenants. According to the statistics of Zhuangtian tenants occupied by Zhu Yuanzhang Hongwu for four years, there are more than 38 thousand households.

7./kloc-0 At the end of 366 (the 26th year of Zheng Zheng), Zhu Yuanqiong used the excuse of welcoming Han Liner out of Chuzhou to welcome the weather, dug a boat in Guazhou and sank Han Liner in the river. At the end of the same year, Xu Da and Zhang Qun, etc. They captured Huzhou and Hangzhou respectively. 1367 (the 27th year of Zheng Zheng), Zhang Shicheng was besieged in Suzhou. The city fell, Zhang Tucheng was captured, and was killed by a disorderly stick in Yingtian. In October of the same year, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to explore the Central Plains. 1368 (twenty-eight years of Zheng Zheng), the northern expeditionary army first took Shandong as planned, and Zhu Yuanzhang thought the time was ripe, so he proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtian, with the title Daming and Jianyuan Hongwu. After the Northern Expeditionary Army captured Henan, it went north along the canal from Shandong to Tongzhou and surrounded the metropolis.

On August 2nd, 1368, Timur, Tuohuan, Yuan Shundi abandoned the city and fled to Shangdu. Yuan is dead. When Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops to the Northern Expedition, he ordered Tanghe to attack Qingyuan (Ningbo, Zhejiang), Hu Tingrui to attack Fujian Chen Youding, and Yang _ to attack Guangxi from Hunan. After landing, Tang He and others went south to Fuzhou by sea and joined forces with Hu Tingrui to attack Chen Youding in Jianping. After the fall of Fujian, people marched into Guangzhou from the sea and cooperated with Yang to pacify Guangxi. 137 1 year (the fourth year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Tanghe and Fu Youde to enfeoffment Ming Sheng, the son of Ming Yuzhen in Sichuan. In June, it rises and falls. Zhu Yuanzhang completed the unification of the whole country.