Weihai jinxinding

Jinxianding used to be a famous "landmark" in old Weihai. The gun school of Beiyang Navy was established here, and Duan and others also taught here. Weihai No.2 Middle School, a century-old famous school, still stands at the corner of the golden thread, and the bell is ringing to welcome generations of talents; More famous is the legend of Weihai people-there is a golden thread running through the middle of this promontory and half reaching into the sea ... For hundreds of years, the top of the golden thread has stood alone by the sea with the legend of "rich in golden thread and purple gas coming from the east", and the rock on the top of the golden thread has experienced hundreds of years of tidal beating and wind and rain.

Brief Introduction of Jin Xian Top Park

1. 1 location

Jin Xin District of Weihai City is located on the peninsula protruding from the middle of Weihai Bay, surrounded by the sea on three sides and facing Liu Gongdao across the sea. Jinxindingling is 46.6 meters above sea level, which is the commanding height on the coastline. You can look around Weihai Bay and overlook the urban area and Liu Gongdao, with excellent landscape conditions. With the construction of Haibin Road and the continuous development of the city to the south, Jin Dian section has become an important node on the urban coastline, with special location advantages.

1.2 historical evolution

Jinxinding has been paid close attention to in history because of its special geographical location and the topography of coastal commanding heights. The name "Golden Thread Top" comes from the early Yellowstone Line that crossed the whole ridge. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Li Biao, a garrison, built a tower here according to the saying of Yin and Yang that if the tower is built on it, the branches will be far away, and then he gave up halfway. 1883, Beiyang navy once built a torpedo battalion under the ridge, and later set up an ordnance school. 189 1 year, a lighthouse named "flagpole lighthouse" was built on the steep rock at the eastern end of Jinxindingling for navigation. 1902, the British forcibly leased Ahava, and the lighthouse was managed by British colonists. 193 1 year, after China recovered Ahava, the lighthouse was returned to China. 1945 The lighthouse was destroyed by Japanese artillery fire, and 1946 was restored. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the lighthouse was renovated and is still in use today. Except for the lighthouse, most of the Golden Roof Monuments no longer exist. At present, there is a middle school around Jinxianding, namely Weihai No.2 Middle School and Weihai Shipyard, with a large number of residential buildings. Shipyards were built in the early 1950s and 1960s, when the country was undergoing large-scale industrialization. At present, it is a key shipbuilding enterprise in Shandong Province. During several expansions, the factory "moved mountains to fill the sea", which changed the original hilly landform of Jinxin Cave and replaced it with a large area of flat land and artificial revetment.

1.3 planning requirements

In the overall planning of Weihai, Jin Dian section is positioned as urban green space and tourist land. Weihai Municipal Government and Planning Bureau plan to build a coastal park here and a landmark building at the commanding heights to meet the needs of viewing and landscape, so as to make full use of the landscape resources here. At the same time, because the land nature of Weihai Shipyard can no longer adapt to the changes in the lot environment and the depth of the bay, the government plans to move it to other places. The corresponding planning scope extends to Jinxin Dingling and Weihai Shipyard, with a total area of 36.6hm.

2 planning concept

The planning and design of the park is different because of the existence of the old shipyard. Whether to tear down the original factory facilities together and build a brand-new coastal park, or to transform and utilize the shipyard building facilities, has become a key issue in this planning.

2. 1 Grasp the character of the lot

The construction of the factory left a deep impression on the terrain of this area: neat artificial revetment, flat ground formed by mountain cutting and artificial reclamation, straight roads and rails, huge factory buildings and gantry cranes ... all of which convey a straightforward, rigid and artificial industrial atmosphere. The slide rail extending to the vast sea seems to record the cheers and splashing waves of seagoing ships when they slide across the sea when they enter the water. The scattered hull components seem to be steel sculptures, bright red colors and complex keels are full of structural logic, conveying a kind of mechanical beauty to people, and huge workshops and frames are preaching a kind of human greatness, all of which form the special character of this area.

2.2 Historical review

The relocation of shipyards and the construction of parks are the reflection of urban land replacement caused by urban transformation. With the adjustment of urban industrial structure and the general improvement of people's requirements for environmental quality, it is inevitable to change the nature of land use in urban central areas. Jinxinding's good location and landscape advantages make it no longer suitable for industrial land, but will be transformed into an urban green space with leisure, entertainment and scenic tourism as its main functions. This historical change should be reflected in the planning of the park. As a gift of history to today and tomorrow, whether it is an old lighthouse that has experienced many wars and centuries of honor and disgrace, or the landform caused by artificial reclamation now, and the landmark mechanical construction of human technology in the industrialization period, it is like a living textbook, recording the history of solidarity between man and nature and warning people to cherish and protect nature. Archaeological excavation, integration and reproduction of things at different historical levels will make people better understand the changes of this urban space.

2.3 Theme of "Man, Ship and Sea"

Parks provide opportunities for people to get in touch with and talk with nature, so parks should reflect the relationship between man and nature, which is specifically the relationship between man and the sea. People go out of the ocean and return to the ocean. Human civilization spreads through the ocean, and the ship is the symbol of human civilization and the bridge and link between man and the ocean. Shipyard is the materialization of this relationship, the material expression of the relationship between man and the sea, the remains of human civilization, and the history and scenes of the struggle between man and nature.

Therefore, the protection and renovation of the shipyard is not only a matter of saving resources, it will reveal the relationship between man and nature from a deeper level, give new significance to the Binhai Park from a cultural and historical perspective, and the park will also get a personalized landscape.

3 planning measures

3. 1 ecological compensation

The destruction of landforms, vegetation and coastline by factories has always been difficult to fundamentally recover. Our goal is to compensate the ecological environment in this area as much as possible. First, ease the cut mountain shape, slope protection at the side of the mountain, planting shrubs to prevent landslides and topsoil loss; Secondly, on the basis of the established artificial coastline, we provide several different cross-sectional designs, erect wooden platforms, go deep into the sea, increase the height from land to sea, shorten the distance between people and the sea, introduce seawater into the inland at local locations, and change the relationship between different maps and backgrounds. Finally, the purpose of improving the regional microclimate is achieved by increasing the vegetation coverage. Coastal planting black pine, Podocarpus, Robinia pseudoacacia, Luan tree, Paulownia and other wind-resistant and salt-tolerant tree species. Choose to plant autumn leaves such as five-pointed maple and ginkgo and spring flower viewing trees such as cherry blossoms in Jindingding Mountain, so that the scenery of Jindingding is different and presents different colors.

3.2 Resource reuse

Combined with the transformation of the original factory building, new functions are planned to meet the needs of park visitors for leisure, appreciation, catering and entertainment. Factories and workshops are mostly large-scale and truss structures, which can be partially transformed, such as retaining the structure and breaking the wall to make the building more transparent; Or open a skylight or completely expose the structure to form a semi-outdoor space, supplemented by indoor planting design, with catering, exhibition, entertainment and other service functions. Transform the circular shipyard into an amphitheater to provide the public with a place for small-scale artistic performances; It was transformed from an abandoned ship and placed on the bank of a protruding dock as a "sea amusement center" floating on the sea.

3.3 Technology Gallery technology itself is a kind of culture. Although China is in the stage of industrialization, the popularization and enlightenment of mechanical technology knowledge is far less mature than that of western developed countries. The shipbuilding industry is an important industrial sector of a country, and the application of high technology is also changing with each passing day. People are also curious about the shipbuilding process. The old equipment and buildings of the factory can provide a vivid classroom for industrial, technical and cultural education for the citizens, so that tourists, especially children, can be influenced by science and technology and culture during their play and understand the technology and technology of shipbuilding, thus enabling the factory to play its potential cultural and educational functions.

The original workshop, workshop and site of the factory are systematic in nature, and can be used as a series exhibition hall of shipbuilding technology to display traditional shipbuilding technology, computer-aided design technology, shipbuilding materials and equipment. At the same time, the hull components are used for outdoor exhibition of outdoor venues, and the unfinished ship model is set on the water slide, so that people can climb, touch and feel the process and fun of shipbuilding.

3.4 Landscape reorganization

At present, the greening and beautification of cities in China are in full swing, but it is difficult to achieve individuality and local characteristics in urban landscape design. The original industrial atmosphere of the factory provides an available landscape atmosphere for the area: straight main roads, geometric spaces and industrial symbolic buildings. The planning attempts to continue this atmosphere and preserve the existing landscape framework of the factory. On the basis of the original main roads, the park road network is planned, and the landscape axis is established between important landscape nodes (such as lighthouses, docks and seagoing ship models), supplemented by the planting of street trees, forming a strong linear space, thus forming the geometric spatial structure of the park. The planting design of flowering shrubs uses the direction of the track for regular planting, and the shipwreck repair site is transformed into a sunken geometric garden. Hull components and structures are arranged on the big lawn and roadside of the park, which are urban sculptures, handicrafts and decorations themselves, and serve as new landscape highlights in the park environment.

3.5 Humanized space

There are many ways to plan and build parks, but the ultimate goal is only to serve people, and the purpose of space is people's activities. Planning continues the landscape elements and characteristic atmosphere of the factory, but it is not the inhuman scale of the factory. We should change the scale of factory inhumanity into approachable scale, and transform industrial landscape into humanistic landscape, which is the fundamental change of site connotation.

In order to simplify the spatial scale of the park, we have carried out a lot of planting design, using plants to soften the rigid site and provide a dynamic interface for people. Create a warm coastal space through approachable materials: use the deck of the ship to lay a coastal plank road and a wooden platform extending into the sea for people to watch the sea and get close to the water.

The tree-lined square and the open-air theater are set up to carry more people's activities; The rest place of coastal membrane structure provides a light-proof space for people to bathe in the sea breeze and enjoy the beautiful scenery of the bay.

At the same time, the park also provides various entertainment items for tourists, such as motorboats, diving, beach bathing, beach volleyball and so on, which makes the lot full of people's activities and become a vibrant coastal space.

4 Intentional design of landmark buildings

The landmark building design on the commanding heights of the Golden Line Top has been highly valued by the municipal government and the Planning Bureau. Architecture should meet the dual needs of seeing and being seen. Weihai has three commanding heights, which are also three important landscape nodes of the city: the Huancui Building at the eastern foot of Naigu Mountain, the landmark tower to be built on Tashan Mountain, and the landmark building at the top of the Golden Line. Architectural design should consider the relationship between the other two, and at the same time, consider the echo relationship between Jinding and Liu Gongdao.

In our planning, we have designed the landmark buildings intentionally. The function of the building integrates sightseeing, dining, entertainment, exhibition and other functions. The shape of the building combines with the terrain and tries to blend in with the mountains. The auxiliary part of the building is placed underground in a large area, and at the same time, it is terraced, and the side is open and transparent, allowing people to see the dynamic and continuous sea landscape in the flowing lines. The main part of the building is located on the platform of the commanding heights. The special shape creates a fresh and free image and provides a wonderful space for people to look around the surrounding landscape.

5 the reality and feasibility of planning

5. 1 cooperative operation

There is no doubt that the planning idea of the park is an ideal planning, and its implementation will be restricted by many practical factors. First of all, how much "legacy" will the factory move leave us, and how many facilities will be left for us to use? Things that can't be moved, such as factories, workshops and sliding rails, will stay, but whether gantry cranes, steel frames and hull frames can stay is a problem. We think it is difficult to keep these facilities in the process of relocation and transformation without any communication between various departments. However, if we take the planning of the park as a new attempt and look at this problem with the attitude of creating conditions as much as possible, it is possible to keep these "landscape facilities" for the park as much as possible through communication and cooperation between the planning department and the factory, or even through other means (such as the government buying some abandoned "movable property" and "real estate"). In that case, the prospects will be very optimistic. Out of the ideal of creating a beautiful environment for mankind, we need to carry forward a spirit of "coordinated operations"

5.2 Calling for Heroes

As for the landmark building of Golden Line Top, we believe that this building will have an important impact on the coastal landscape of Weihai. Therefore, it is suggested to solicit schemes extensively, encourage citizens to participate in expressing their opinions, and carry out scheme design competitions and bids. Here, we make principled planning and some image design for landmark buildings. The times call for heroes and real architectural masterpieces, adding a touch of bright color to the urban landscape of Weihai.

5.3 Avoid disasters

As the scheme is still in the conceptual planning stage, it still needs to be revised. In the process of revision, we suddenly learned that the relevant departments of Weihai wanted to set up a cross-sea cableway between Jinxinting and Liu Gongdao, so we were forced to set up a cableway station in the park. Not to mention that the construction of ropeway will completely change the nature of land use in this area and directly have a subversive impact on the planning scheme; More importantly, the construction of cableway will cause great damage to the natural landscape of Weihai Bay! As a professor in Tsinghua University said, "The construction of Weihai cableway will be reviled by people all over the country." I hereby appeal to the relevant departments not to do such harmful things for the sake of the landscape environment and the long-term interests of Weihai.