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With the growing impact of the epidemic on overseas car companies, overseas car manufacturers that have been shut down for nearly half a month have not yet reached the conditions for returning to work. 55 of the 69 automakers in North America temporarily closed production, with a closure ratio of 80%; Europe is more serious. Only one car company of Volkswagen Group has closed 72 factories in Europe, and the time for returning to work has been pushed back.

However, during the epidemic, the fixed costs of car companies cannot be less, and a large part of them are used for employees' salaries. Car companies still need to spend a lot of money when they lose their income. The capital flow has gradually become a big problem, and some car companies have even experienced operational difficulties. The weekly fixed cost of Volkswagen Group needs 2 billion euros (about 65.438+0.572 billion yuan), and the company's capital situation is gradually deteriorating and its liquidity is declining. Therefore, minimizing costs and losses has become a top priority for car companies.

Recently, audi ag, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Company, FCA, and car rental companies Hertz and Avis have all released plans for layoffs and salary reduction. Following the layoffs and salary reductions of China car companies, overseas car companies also began to cut costs significantly. At present, several overseas car companies have issued salary reduction measures, and they have also made plans for layoffs. If the situation worsens, they will survive by laying off employees.

▲ Statistics on layoffs and salary reductions in the global automobile and tourism industries

At present, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Company, FCA executives and even ordinary employees of the three major American automobile companies have all reduced their salaries by at least 20%. Car rental companies Hertz and Avis have greatly reduced their orders. At present, they have made a layoff plan, and the company executives have also collectively reduced their salaries. In addition, the Volkswagen Group has indicated that it may take layoffs.

As the COVID-19 epidemic continues to rage in Europe and America, the European and American automobile industries are staging a wave of layoffs and salary reductions.

First, the public lost 2.2 billion? 654.38 million autobots in Germany face unemployment.

COVID-19 has been spreading all over Europe since March, and now it has covered all European countries. According to the data released by the World Health Organization, as of March 3 1, 18: 00 central European time (April 1, 1: 00 Beijing time), the number of confirmed cases in Italy and Spain was 1 and 85,000 respectively, which has surpassed China. In addition, the number of confirmed cases in Germany, a major industrial country in Europe, has exceeded 60,000, and that in France has reached 43,000. The epidemic continues to deteriorate.

As the world's largest automobile company, Volkswagen Group has been affected by the epidemic. According to statistics, Volkswagen Group has 124 factories and 617,000 employees worldwide. Among them, there are 72 factories in Europe, accounting for more than half of all factories. Since this month, Volkswagen has stopped production worldwide, and all the factories of Volkswagen Group in Europe and North America have been shut down. It is not clear when to resume work.

Recently, Herbert, CEO of Volkswagen Group? In an interview with German TV channel ZDF, Diss explained the current operating conditions of Volkswagen to the outside world.

He said that due to the COVID-19 epidemic, the sales of Volkswagen Group outside China were all suspended, but the fixed cost of 2 billion euros (about 65.438+0.572 billion yuan) per week could not be less.

Diss looked helpless in the program, saying that if the epidemic continues to develop, the Volkswagen Group may only have to lay off employees to maintain its operations.

▲ Volkswagen Group CEO Herbert? Diss (right)

In addition, Frank, Chief Financial Officer of Volkswagen Group? Witt recently told the Financial Times that if the Volkswagen Group encounters a critical moment, it can also issue bonds to tide over the crisis.

At present, Volkswagen Group can issue debts as high as 654.38+05 billion euros (about 654.38+065.438+079 billion yuan) in the financing plan, and it can also issue short-term debts of 5 billion euros (about 39.3 billion yuan) to Belgium. In addition, the financial services department of Volkswagen Group can independently issue bonds of up to 2.5 billion euros (about 65.438+0.965 billion yuan).

Volkswagen Group can issue bonds of about 22.5 billion euros (about RMB 1, 756,5438+0 billion yuan). However, when the Volkswagen Group really has no "surplus grain", these bonds can only last for about three months.

Recently, the foreign media DPA published Ferdinand, a German automobile industry research expert? Dudenhoeffer's article said that the German automobile manufacturing industry is facing the problem of declining output year after year and overproduction. Affected by the epidemic, German automobile production and sales almost stopped, and exports also fell sharply, and automobile companies will face huge losses. It is estimated that the number of unemployed people in the German automobile industry may reach 65,438+million this year.

In other words, nearly 1/8 of the 830,000 auto workers in Germany will lose their jobs.

Dudenhoeffer believes that in recent years, German automobile production has decreased year after year, and the automobile manufacturing industry is at a low point. According to statistics, the output of new cars in Germany in 20 19 was 4.66 million, which was 1 10,000 less than that in 20 16. During the epidemic, automobile production and sales in Germany have basically stopped, and the secondary and tertiary industries have stopped production for nearly half a month, and there is no sign of improvement at present.

▲ Volkswagen Group is located in an automobile factory in Germany.

In addition, the German automobile industry is also facing the problem of being unable to export. According to the forecast of Leibniz Institute of Economics of the University of Munich, Germany's export volume will drop by 19.8% in March, which is the lowest monthly export volume since May 2009 and the largest monthly export decline after the fall of the Berlin Wall.

In Germany, more than 70% of new cars will be exported, so the export pressure of automobile manufacturing industry is even greater than domestic sales.

Dudenhoeffer predicts that the sales of new cars in Germany will decrease by 15% this year, about 3 million vehicles; The output of new cars will drop sharply, which is expected to be 3.8 million. However, this is still an optimistic situation. Dudenhoeffer thinks that the output of new cars in Germany will be at least 3.4 million this year, which is equivalent to a decrease of 6.5438+0 million on the basis of 2065.438+09, and the output has dropped by 27%.

According to the report released by the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), as of March 3 1 day, the average downtime of 229 automobile assembly plants in Europe has reached 16 days, and at present, the work of110000 automobile manufacturing workers has been affected. Among them, Germany, as the largest automobile manufacturing country in Europe, has 568,000 automobile manufacturing workers affected, accounting for about 5 1% of the total number of people affected.

Second, GM's global salary reduction is 20%? Ford made a layoff plan.

On the surface, Germany, which has the strongest manufacturing industry, is still the same, and the manufacturing industries in other countries are facing many difficulties. According to the data released by the World Health Organization, the number of confirmed cases in COVID-19 has exceeded 6.5438+0.4 million, and the severity of the epidemic has surpassed that in China. According to the data released by the American Automobile Innovation Alliance, 55 of the 69 automakers in North America have temporarily closed, with a closure ratio of 80%, and American automakers have closed 93%.

▲ As of March 26th, the closure of North American automakers.

At present, the three major American car companies, General Motors, Ford Motor Company and Fiat Chrysler (hereinafter referred to as FCA), have stopped production for nearly half a month, with fixed costs every day, and the losses faced by the suspension of production are gradually increasing. Recently, although several car companies have been approved to produce medical supplies recently, the production of these products really can't solve the plight of car companies.

Previously, the three major American auto companies had planned to resume work on March 30, but as far as the current situation is concerned, there is no sign of resuming work. Previously, Ford postponed the resumption of work of four of its factories to April 6 at the earliest, and the other five factories to April 14. On March 3 1 day, Ford announced once again that all factories in North America would be shut down indefinitely until the epidemic was effectively controlled.

The shutdown caused the operation of car companies to get into trouble. Since March 24th, General Motors has taken austerity measures and raised a lot of cash to deal with the crisis. In addition, the three major car companies in the United States also released news through different channels to reduce the company's operating costs. Pay cuts and layoffs are the first thing that car companies should do.

1, the salary of Ford 300 executives will take off and land next month.

Recently, a report by the American Consumer News and Business Channel showed that Jim, CEO of Ford Motor Company? Hackett sent a letter to employees around the world on March 26th. He said that Ford's goal is to deal with the crisis without layoffs. At present, no Ford employees' jobs are in danger.

However, if the COVID-19 epidemic worsens again, Ford may take more actions to ensure the normal operation of the company.

▲ Ford F- 150 pickup truck factory

Ford motor company has made a plan to reduce costs according to the current operating conditions. Starting from May 1 day, 300 Ford executives will have their pay cut by 20% ~ 50% in at least five months. Bill, Chairman of Ford Motor Company? Ford has no salary during this period, and it will be reissued after the normal operation of the company. In addition, the overtime pay increase and performance pay increase of all Ford employees were postponed, and the company suspended the recruitment of new employees.

At the same time, Ford CEO Hackett also promised that no layoffs will be taken at this stage. But he said that if the epidemic worsens, Ford will not be able to produce and sell for a long time, and layoffs will be inevitable.

General Motors will reduce its salary by at least 20%.

On March 26th, General Motors issued an internal announcement saying that the company needed to take immediate measures to cut costs, including reducing salaries for all regular employees, but there was no notice of layoffs for the time being. The general plan adopts different salary reduction strategies for different levels of employees.

▲ General Motors Vehicle Factory

First of all, GM has 69,000 full-time employees around the world. From April 1, everyone's salary will be reduced by 20%, and the salary reduction will last for about 6 months. At present, GM's regular employees account for 42% of the total number of employees, and informal employees may be less protected.

For GM executives, starting from April 1 day, the salary of executives will be reduced by 30%, the salary of other executives will be reduced by 25%, and the salary of GM board members will be reduced by 20%.

General Motors promises that employees' medical benefits will not be affected during the pay cut. For ordinary employees and some senior executives, the wages currently withheld will be reissued before March 2002 1 51. However, the salary reduction of board members will not be reissued.

In addition, about 6,500 engineering and manufacturing workers in GM's American factory are currently unable to work, and they are all full-time employees. These workers are currently on "home leave" and can receive 75% of their wages during the shutdown period.

3. Most employees of 3.FCA worldwide have their salaries reduced by 20%.

According to foreign media reports in Reuters, FCA CEO Mike? A memo from Manley shows that FCA will also take a three-month salary reduction measure from April 1.

▲FCA CEO Mike? Manley visited the pickup truck factory in America last month.

Among them, FCA CEO Mike? Manley's salary will be reduced by 50%. FCA chairman John? Elkann and members of the board of directors will stop paying wages from April 1 until early next year. Members of FCA Executive Committee 19 will receive a pay cut of 30%. In addition, most employees of FCA around the world will also temporarily reduce their salary by 20%.

Manley said that FCA hopes that the employees of the company will not be affected by the local shutdown, and the temporary salary reduction of 20% is to avoid layoffs. But he didn't promise when to reissue this part of the salary.

Third, the order of the car rental giant plummeted? Avis executives collectively reduced their salaries.

During the COVID-19 epidemic, the manufacturing and service industries were most affected. News of layoffs keeps coming from manufacturing car companies, and tourism companies in service industries are not immune. Recently, Hertz and Avis, two large car rental companies in the United States, announced that they would cut operating costs. At the same time, the necessary testing work of some autonomous driving companies was suspended in the middle of this month. Up to now, the impact of shutdown on autonomous driving companies is not obvious.

1, the car rental company's orders have plummeted and it has begun to lay off employees.

Hertz, the car rental company, has suspended its operation since March 2 1 and has been out of business for more than a week. Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, Hertz's car rental service has basically stopped.

Catherine, CEO of Hertz? Marinello recently said that the company has started to lay off employees to ensure normal operation. Paul, Chief Operating Officer of Hertz? In a letter to employees, Si Tong said: "We have never experienced such a large-scale shutdown, which has had a very far-reaching impact on our business. We have witnessed a sharp decline in tourism demand in North America. "

Hertz will lay off some employees and will not pay unemployment benefits, but will retain the medical benefits of the laid-off employees. In addition, some vehicles available for rent have also been suspended.

Avis, another car rental company, is facing more serious operating pressure. Avis said in its official website that due to the epidemic, the scheduled volume of various businesses decreased by 60% in April this year, so the company needed to adjust its operating plan.

▲ Avis issued a statement to reduce operating costs.

Avis said that this year's goal is to reduce the operating cost of 400 million US dollars (about 2.8 billion yuan). Among them, the leading team and senior employees will reduce their salaries and lay off employees.

2. The network car company suggested that the driver temporarily switch to be a delivery staff.

Affected by the epidemic, the orders of network car companies Alto, Laifu and Uber dropped sharply, and the income of network car drivers was at risk of interruption. Will, founder and CEO of Alto? Coleman recently said that the business volume plummeted in March, and the number of passengers dropped by 75% within a few days.

Recently, Alto Company updated its information on its website, suggesting that online car drivers reach cooperation with local businesses and enterprises, and at the same time, they also work as local dealers part-time. This can not only alleviate the pressure of local distribution service, but also alleviate the problem of driver's income decline.

▲ Aotuo's delivery service advertisement on the homepage of its website.

In addition, the network car company Laifu Car also announced that it will cooperate with the San Francisco Bay Area government agencies and non-profit organizations to start a pilot food delivery service. In addition, the mail sent by Raffles to the driver of the online car shows that if the driver encounters income difficulties, it is recommended to work in Amazon, because Amazon is recruiting 65,438+10,000 distribution employees.

Uber, a travel service company, has been encouraging online car drivers to be both drivers and distributors. Therefore, during the epidemic, Uber said that the demand for food delivery is multiplying.

Pierre-Dimitri, head of food distribution service department of Uber Eats? Gore-Huang Fengying recently said that Uber's food delivery service has not been affected by the epidemic, but people are increasingly dependent on it.

3. The influence of autonomous driving companies is not obvious.

On March 17, local time, Waymo, Cruise and ArgoAI, who were conducting autopilot tests in California, announced that they would suspend autopilot tests that required the participation of in-vehicle safety officers to prevent the epidemic from spreading continuously.

Waymo will suspend its Waymo? One ride service, at the same time, the automatic driving test that requires the safety officer in the car is also suspended. However, Waymo said that the completely unmanned test project will not be interrupted to ensure that local cargo transportation will not be affected.

▲ Cruise self-driving car

Cruise, GM's autonomous driving company, said that Cruise has suspended operations and is expected to resume work in three weeks. Arden, chief human resources officer of Cruise? Hoffman said that during the shutdown period, Cruise will pay employees full wages for working days.

In addition, ArgoAI, a subsidiary of Ford Auto Autopilot, also said that the self-driving vehicle test has been suspended, but the company has not been significantly affected by the epidemic.

However, since autonomous driving companies are mostly "saving money" projects, even if they can carry passengers, they cannot charge passengers. Perhaps this is why the autonomous driving company has not been affected for the time being.

Conclusion: The impact of the epidemic on the global economy is gradually deepening.

Under the epidemic situation, major car companies around the world actively helped to "fight the epidemic", but the long-term suspension of production also made the powerful car companies unable to eat. At the beginning of March, China's self-owned automobile enterprises also experienced a large-scale salary reduction tide, and with the resumption of work, the inevitable actions such as salary reduction and layoffs will gradually fade away.

Today, there are more than 700,000 confirmed cases in COVID-19, and the impact of the epidemic on the global economy will gradually deepen. This requires the joint efforts of everyone, every government and other organizations to overcome the epidemic as soon as possible and usher in the real spring this year.

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.