General situation of regional environment in the new campus of Minzu University of China

Wang Zuo Town, Fengtai District, where this project is located, is located in the southwest of Beijing, with an area of about 6 1.33km2, which belongs to the west of Yongding River in Fengtai District (hereinafter referred to as Hexi area). The northwest and southwest are bordered by Mentougou and Fangshan District respectively, and the east and northeast are bordered by Changxindian Town in Fengtai District. The town center is 25 kilometers away from Beijing.

The project is located in Weigezhuang Village, Wang Zuo Town, Fengtai District, with Weigezhuang Road in the south, Yungang West Road in the north and No.23 Qinglong Lake Road, the auxiliary road of West Sixth Ring Road in the east.

★ Topography

Fengtai District has formed a descending terrain from mountain to plain from west to east. The terrain in Fengtai District is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, showing a step-like decline. According to the topography, it is divided into three landform areas: 1, low mountains and hills; The low mountain is located in the north of Fuying Yangjuantou Village, covering an area of 800 hectares, of which limestone accounts for two-thirds. The hills are located in the north of Liyuan Village and Dagou Village, which are clastic deposition hills and limestone hills in the south. 2. Platform, located to the west of Yongding River, between Babaoshan fault and Liangxiang-Qianmen fault; 3. Plain: East of Wang Zuo Township, west of Yongding River, East of Changxindian Township, Zhang Guo Village, Changxindian Village and Zhaoxindian Village, with a land area of 2,800 hectares. It is adjacent to Liangshui River in the east and the urban area in the north, with an altitude of 40m and an area of 1.400 ha, belonging to the alluvial fan high plains of the ancient Yongding River. The low plain is located in the east of Yongding River, covering an area of 6.5438+0.57 million hectares. The altitude drops from 60 meters to 35 meters in the southeast, with an average slope of 65438 0%.

The plot where this project is located is high in the west and low in the east, with the maximum height difference of 16m. The highest point is at the water well on the west side of the plot, with an altitude of 88.69m, and the lowest point is at the east side of the plot, with an altitude of 67.46m, and the cultivated land on the north side of the plot gradually decreases in a stepped manner. The main reason for this landform is the use of soil by brick factories in the past.

Hydrogeology: Wang Zuo Town is rich in water resources. Among them, irrigation water: Qinglong Lake has a total area of 4.95 square kilometers, and the reservoir capacity is 29 million cubic meters. The reconstruction project of Qinglong Lake Irrigation District has laid a 30-kilometer pipeline, which can lead Qinglong Lake to various development zones in the town for greening and planting. Drinking water: There are 6 deep wells in the mountainous area in the north of the town with a depth of 600-1200m, which provide drinking water for the town and the development zone.

Wang Zuo Town geothermal field covers an area of 40 square kilometers and is rich in geothermal resources. Nangong No.1 geothermal water supply station has been built, with daily water supply of 2,700 cubic meters and outlet water temperature of 70-73 degrees, which can be used for heating, hot spring breeding, hot spring planting and hot spring bathing. According to the needs of development and ecological town construction, two geothermal wells are prepared to be mined.

Fengtai District belongs to the impact fan and alluvial fan area of Yongding River, with flat terrain. The surface layer is mainly light loam with an average thickness of 4.0-4.5 meters, and the bottom layer is a single river pebble layer (aquifer) with a thickness of about 30 meters. The bottom of the aquifer is Jurassic sandstone shale, which has good water permeability and strong water abundance. The water inflow of a single well is 3000m3/d, the average groundwater level is about 20m, and the natural flow direction is from west to east. The recharge source of groundwater is the upstream lateral runoff and the vertical infiltration of natural precipitation. In recent years, due to regional over-exploitation of groundwater, the water level has declined.

★ Vegetation, animals and plants

The main vegetation in Fengtai District includes woodland, orchard and cultivated land. The main plants are poplar, willow, elm, Sophora japonica, Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis, Pinus bungeana, Sabina vulgaris, Albizia Albizia, Bai La, apricot, walnut, pear, apple, peach, persimmon and hawthorn. Shrubs such as Zizyphus jujuba, Vitex negundo, Lespedeza; White grass, grass, grass and other vegetation.

The green area of Wang Zuo Town is 29,300 mu, including 20% landscape ecological forest, 20% general ecological forest, 60% economic forest (green industry construction) and 35.9% forest coverage. There are 4 species of national first-class and second-class ancient and famous trees, 24 trees, 0/5 species of insects, and more than 0/5 species of wild animals such as rabbits, squirrels, hedgehogs and pheasants.

Except for the residential part, corn, fruit trees and locust trees are basically planted in the project site, among which locust trees and elms are planted outside agricultural facilities and orchards, beside puddles, on both sides of roads in residential areas and in courtyards, and endangered animals and plants are not cherished.

★ Soil

Wang Zuo Town, Fengtai District is located in the southwest of Beijing, with mountainous areas in the west. The east is plain, accounting for three-quarters of the whole area. The low mountainous area is dominated by mountain eluviated cinnamon soil, and ordinary cinnamon soil is distributed annularly along the narrow strip at the foot of the mountain. Below is moist cinnamon soil. Tidal cinnamon soil is also scattered on the residual secondary terrace of the vast plain, and tidal soil is under the steep ridge. Brown fluvo-aquic soil is distributed at the edge of alluvial fan, and some valley terraces are distributed with common cinnamon soil and cinnamon soil.

This project is located in alluvial plain, and the soil is mainly fluvo-aquic soil. Plain loam sediments include Holocene alluvial sediments and alluvial proluvial. Mainly light soil, distributed in the vast alluvial plain, is the main parent material type in this area. There is gully erosion on the plateau, and the soil types are mainly tidal cinnamon soil, brown soil tidal soil and tidal soil. Flood alluvial plain has greater human influence and higher soil maturity.

★ Climatic and meteorological characteristics

Fengtai District belongs to the continental monsoon climate of warm temperate zone in North China Plain, with an annual average temperature of about 1 1.7 degrees. winter

Summer is dry and windy, hot and rainy, and the precipitation is between 400-600 mm, accounting for about 75% of the annual precipitation; In summer, the temperature rises rapidly, the daily temperature difference is large, the cold and warm air activities are frequent, and there are sometimes strong winds. Autumn temperature is suitable, sunny and rainy, and general meteorological elements are as follows:

Temperature: the average temperature for many years: 1 1.7℃, the hottest in a year is July, with an average temperature of 25.8℃, the coldest is 1.6℃, with an average temperature of -4.6℃, an annual extreme maximum temperature of 39.8℃ and an annual extreme minimum temperature of-2/kloc.

Precipitation and relative humidity: According to the analysis of weather station data, the precipitation in ten years varies between 4 17.2mm and 74 1.3mm, and the annual precipitation changes greatly, with a ten-year average of 576.3 mm, and the largest ten-year precipitation months are June, July and August, accounting for more than 70% of the total annual precipitation. There is little rain in winter, with zero precipitation in 1, February and 65438+February, and less precipitation in spring and autumn. Because there is more precipitation in summer in this area, the relative humidity is often around 70%, especially in July and August, which is sultry and humid. The relative humidity is about 44% in winter, almost in spring and summer, and the humidity in autumn is in the middle.

★ Ground wind

Because this area is in the transition zone between mountainous area and plain, the wind direction is obviously influenced by topography. The northwest wind is dominant in winter and spring, and the southwest wind is dominant in summer. The average wind speed for many years is 2.4M/S, and it is stronger in winter and spring rainy season, with the maximum wind speed in April, with an average wind speed of 3.4m/s. The average number of days with gale of magnitude 8 or above is 25.5, with more in April, which has a great impact on fruit trees in bud stage and flowering stage. ★ Administrative divisions and population

Fengtai District is divided into Lugouqiao Township, Hu Axiang Township and Nanyuan Township, and Changxindian Town and Wang Zuo Town. There are 16 sub-district offices within the boundaries of urban residential areas, namely Fengtai, Changxindian, Nanyuan, Dongtieying, You 'anmen, Xiluoyuan, Donggaodi, Lugouqiao, Taiping Bridge, Xincun, Yungang, He Yi, Majiapu and Dahongmen, as well as Fangzhuang and Wanping Ancient City sub-district offices. By the end of 2005, the resident population of the whole region was 654.38+568,000, including 975,000 registered residents.

Wang Zuo Town has 8 central villages and 36 natural villages. The cultivated land area is 35,000 mu. The total number of households in the town is 90 14, with a population of 42,000.

★ Economic overview

According to the requirements of small town construction in Beijing, Wang Zuo Town has planned five areas: central town construction area, central village construction area, Qinglong Lake rural leisure area, Jilefeng Scenic Area and Jingxi Logistics Industrial Park. The goal of the government is to build the central town of Wang Zuo into an "international, garden-like tourist city". Take tourism as the leading factor and develop the tertiary industry. The World Geothermal Expo Park, Nangong Hot Spring Water World, Qinglong Lake Park, ecological residential quarters, and film and television bases constitute an important part of the one-day tour of "New Beijing, New Image". Deep well in Xishan fault zone, South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Beijing No.3 Thermal Power Plant, Nangong Geothermal Hot Springs, natural gas pipeline into Beijing, and two 1 10000 kV substations, which provide sufficient guarantee for improving urban functions and meeting the needs of municipal facilities such as water, electricity, gas and heat.

In 2006, the town's gross national product reached 264 million yuan, an increase of 18.9% over 222 million yuan in 2005. The total income is expected to reach 12 1 100 million yuan, an increase of15.6% compared with147 million yuan in 2005; The per capita income of farmers was 7,495 yuan, up 8% from 6,940 yuan in 2005. For five years in a row, it was rated as "capital civilized township" by the capital civilization Committee; For seven consecutive years, it was rated as "Five Good Township Party Committees"; In July 2006, it was awarded the title of "People's Satisfied Civil Servant Collective" by the municipal government.

At present, Wang Zuo Town has initially formed a first-class urban planning, first-class living conditions, first-class leisure and entertainment facilities and other investment environment with great development potential.

★ Technology and Culture

Fengtai District now has 16 1 primary and secondary schools with 8 1 10,000 teachers and students. The pass rate of primary school graduates is 99.9%, and the admission rate of senior high school entrance examination is 72.8%. There are 10 vocational middle schools in the whole region with 6978 students. There are 6 adult schools in the whole region with 2382 students. There are 5 cultural centers (stations), 2 public libraries, 234,000 books and 3 film projection units in the whole region. 1, the possible impact of the construction project on the environment

Construction period:

During the construction period, the discharge of construction noise, construction dust, construction and domestic wastewater, construction workers' domestic garbage and construction waste residue has a certain impact on the construction site and its surroundings.

Operation period:

1) The influence of cooking fume and gas waste gas in the canteen on the surrounding environment; The influence of underground garage exhaust gas on the surrounding air quality: the influence of gas boiler exhaust gas on the surrounding environment; The influence of the odor of sewage treatment station on the surrounding environment, etc. Influence of exhaust gas from laboratory on surrounding environment.

2) The influence of domestic sewage on the surrounding environment; The influence of laboratory wastewater on the surrounding water environment;

3) The influence of public facilities and students' living noise on the surrounding environment;

4) The impact of solid wastes such as domestic garbage on the surrounding environment.

2. Countermeasures and measures to prevent and mitigate adverse effects

Construction period:

1) In order to reduce the impact of dust on the surrounding environment, the relevant regulations of Beijing are strictly implemented in the construction process, and the construction enclosure with a height of not less than 2m is adopted in the construction process. During the demolition process and the construction process of leveling the site to produce dust, water should be sprayed to reduce dust, and construction is prohibited when the wind is strong, and dust-proof nets should be used when necessary; Materials are piled up to build sheds, mixing is prohibited at the construction site, roads at the construction site are hardened, and the open space is afforested, and various management measures are strengthened to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

2) In order to prevent the pollution of wastewater during construction, a sedimentation tank should be set up at the construction site. After the washing wastewater is treated by secondary precipitation, the upper clear water is used to sprinkle water on the construction site to reduce dust. This project should adopt the construction mode of partition construction, set up temporary toilets during the construction process, and regularly transport them to the sewage treatment plant.

3) In order to reduce the impact of construction noise on the surrounding environment, night construction is prohibited during the piling stage; Mechanical equipment is distributed in the middle of the site; When the construction machinery is close to the construction site, temporary noise barriers should be set up, and construction is not allowed at night to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment. If night construction is really necessary for technical reasons, it shall be reported to the local environmental protection bureau for approval and filing, and announced to the local residents to ensure the normal living order of the surrounding villagers; Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment and vehicles to keep them in good working condition and reduce noise.

4) After the construction waste is collected, it will be transported to the designated place of urban management. Domestic garbage is collected and treated by sanitation personnel.

5) During the construction of this project, the regulations on protecting trees, especially trees, should be strictly observed, and protection measures and schemes should be formulated for trees in the plot. Before construction, the trees that cannot be cut down and transplanted should be kept in place as far as possible, and those that must be transplanted should be guaranteed to survive, so as to minimize the impact on the vegetation in this area during construction. During the construction period, the area after the removal of surface vegetation and buildings should be leveled and compacted in time, and the engineering spoil and construction waste should be transported out in time. If it cannot be transported out in time, cover measures shall be taken to reduce the amount of soil erosion during the construction period, and necessary soil and water conservation measures such as covering and greening shall be taken.

Operation period:

1) In order to reduce the air pollution caused by waste gas, the following measures are taken in this project: using natural gas as clean energy; The oil fume generated by kitchen cooking is purified by the oil fume purification device and then discharged into the outdoor atmosphere; The underground garage adopts mechanical ventilation, and the waste gas is led to the top of the building through special passages for discharge; Exhaust gas from gas-fired boilers is discharged at high altitude through a 30-meter-high exhaust pipe; The laboratory is equipped with a fume hood, through which the exhaust gas is led to the roof. WSJ dry DBS adsorber (mainly filled with activated carbon and alkaline filler) is installed at the outlet of the exhaust pipeline to treat the exhaust gas discharged from the laboratory. The sewage treatment system of sewage treatment station adopts sealing measures. After centralized collection, the malodorous gas is adsorbed by activated carbon and discharged at high altitude. The reclaimed water treatment system adopts sealing measures. After centralized collection, the malodorous gas is discharged at high altitude.

2) The laboratory wastewater is pretreated, the toilet flushing wastewater is treated by septic tank, and the canteen wastewater is treated by grease trap and discharged into the sewage treatment system of sewage treatment station. During the operation period, cleaning wastewater, shower wastewater, laundry wastewater and other clean wastewater will be discharged into the reclaimed water treatment system together with the effluent from the sewage treatment system, and will be reused for greening, toilet flushing and ground and road washing after treatment. The pretreatment device of laboratory wastewater adopts continuous monitoring system to ensure the treatment efficiency.

3) Strengthen the management of vehicles entering and leaving the campus and take necessary management measures. The speed limit of vehicles entering the campus should be within 30km/h, and it is forbidden to whistle at night to minimize the impact on the acoustic environment inside and outside the campus. The fan adopts low-noise model and carries out foundation shock absorption, and the exhaust pipe is equipped with muffler; Sewage treatment facilities are all designed underground, and the vibration of water pump and fan foundation is reduced. The fan adopts low-noise model, and the outlet of exhaust pipeline adopts micro-perforated plate muffler. The experimental ventilation equipment is located in the building, and low noise equipment should be selected as far as possible. The compressor of the central air conditioner is located in the underground machine room, and sound insulation and shock absorption measures are taken.

4) Domestic garbage is collected by the closed dustbin in front of the dormitory building, teaching building and department, cleaned by the cleaning staff every day, and collected and processed by the sanitation department. Kitchen waste is collected and treated by the sanitation department. Laboratory hazardous wastes are collected and stored in the temporary hazardous waste storage room, and finally handed over to qualified units for collection, transportation and disposal. Animal carcasses and feces produced in the biological laboratory are collected as medical wastes, stored in the refrigerator at -20℃, temporarily stored in the temporary storage room, and finally handed over to qualified units for collection, transportation and disposal. Medical waste should be collected, transported and disposed by qualified units. The sludge produced by the sewage treatment station is transported by the sanitation department to the landfill for landfill treatment. Activated carbon after odor treatment reaches the replacement period, which is recycled by the manufacturer. After taking the above measures, the impact on the surrounding environment is small.

5) After the project is completed, 30m green belt will be left on the south side of the plot and 10m green belt will be left on the east side. Planting flowers and trees along the campus road, combining native tree species with trees and shrubs to ensure species diversity, and the overall greening rate reached 44%.

3, environmental impact assessment conclusion

This project belongs to the school construction project. After taking corresponding environmental protection measures during the construction and operation of the project, it has little impact on the surrounding environment and is feasible from the perspective of environmental protection.