What are the school bus systems in different countries?

School bus safety has already attracted great attention from all countries in the world. For example, the safety factor of American school buses is 40 times that of cars and buses, and they have priority right of way; Britain, Japan and other countries have also adopted legislation and other means according to their own conditions to avoid problems such as substandard vehicles and overloading.

USA: The school bus is solid and safe, and has priority right of way.

The school bus in the United States has a history of 100 years, and has gradually formed a relatively perfect school bus system. American school buses have superior hardware conditions, strict safety standards, perfect management measures and scientific manpower arrangement. Both software and hardware effectively ensure the safety of students on the school bus.

The sturdy super Hummer has a high safety factor.

In 2006, a car accident occurred in the capital of Indiana, USA. A Hummer crashed into the rear of a school bus, and the Hummer ran head-on, but the rear of the school bus was fine. Hummer is famous for its sturdy vehicles. It was originally built for the army and the government. The sturdiness and safety of American school buses can be seen.

According to statistics, in the United States, the safety factor of school buses is 40 times that of family cars and buses. The accident rate of school bus is the lowest among all means of transportation, and the accident rate of one million kilometers is only 0.0 1, 0.04 for trains, 0.06 for airplanes and 0.96 for other road vehicles.

There are several reasons why American school buses are so safe:

Strict production standards. In recent years, the U.S. Department of Transportation has promulgated 36 safety standards for school buses, including body structure, anti-overturning protection and braking devices. School buses must be produced by professional manufacturers. Under this high standard, American school buses are of high quality and low price, and are known as "the facilities of passenger cars and the skeleton of freight cars".

Excellent hardware conditions and complete safety facilities. The American school bus has a heavy appearance, with large black stripes on the yellow body, and the striking words "Sch00l Bus" are painted in black. There are obvious signs on the car, including yellow flashing lights and red stop signs; An anti-collision safety device and a safety belt are installed on the seat in the car; The car is also equipped with a satellite positioning and networking system to monitor the driving situation of the vehicle at any time.

Security check in place. Every morning, after the school bus driver picks up the children, he should check the safety of the vehicle to ensure the safety of his own vehicle, and then fill out the form. School buses are subject to safety inspection by professional technicians every six months, and each vehicle needs to be inspected for an hour on average.

The law guarantees the "priority" of school buses

The "treatment" of American school buses is similar to that of police cars, ambulances and fire engines, even better than ambulances and fire engines. Most of the 50 States in the United States clearly stipulate the "priority" of school buses.

Relieve traffic pressure and parents' burden

According to the statistics of the American School Bus Committee, there are about 480,000 school buses in the United States, which transport about 26 million students every day, accounting for more than half of American primary and secondary school students.

Britain: gradually promote the "yellow school bus"

Due to the developed public transport system and the high penetration rate of private cars in Britain, fewer primary and secondary school students go to school by school bus. In order to reduce the use of private cars and carbon emissions, the British government has encouraged more students to use school buses through legislation and pilot projects, and the "yellow school bus" project that follows the example of the United States has also been warmly welcomed. However, the reporter found that due to the lack of effective supervision mechanism in some areas, the quality of some school buses is still below the prescribed standards, and there are certain security risks.

There are many modes of transportation for students to and from school.

The transportation modes of primary and secondary school students in Britain are diversified, including walking, cycling, public transportation, school bus and private car, among which less than 65,438+00% of primary and secondary school students use school bus. The British government encourages parents to let their children go to and from school in the first four ways, use private cars as little as possible, reduce road congestion and carbon dioxide emissions, and thus protect the environment.

The public transport system in the UK is developed with a high safety factor. Children aged 15 and under 15 can take the bus for free at any time, and students aged 16 to 18 can enjoy half-price concessions. Nevertheless, there are still 465,438+0% British primary school students and 265,438+0% middle school students who are driven to and from school by their parents. During the morning rush hour, private cars that send children to school account for about 20% of the total traffic.

In recent years, the British government has taken a series of measures to make more parents willing to send their children to and from school by providing "more attractive" school bus service, thus reducing the pressure on roads and the environment caused by private cars.

The school bus service in Britain is provided by buses and bus companies. Primary and secondary schools will investigate students every summer before the start of school, count the number of people who need to take the school bus and their addresses, and then provide them to the bus company, which will decide the number, type and route of the school bus. In terms of school bus fees, parents pay for private schools, taxi fees for public schools and local governments, and students' travel fees are paid by parents, usually using more favorable semester cards. In addition, eligible children from low-income families can take the school bus for free.

Carry out the pilot project of "yellow school bus"

At present, school buses used in schools in most parts of Britain lack uniform appearance and specifications. In order to promote school buses to provide better service, standardize management and increase parents' confidence in school buses, the "Yellow School Bus Committee", composed of officials and experts from various parties in Britain, launched a pilot project of "Yellow School Bus" in some areas, which was named after imitating the yellow appearance of American school buses.

Japan: Set up school bus system in some remote areas.

In order to facilitate primary and secondary school students in remote areas, some remote areas in Japan have set up a school bus system, promulgated and implemented school bus management and operation rules, implemented strict standardized management of school buses, and defined the responsibilities and obligations of school bus managers, drivers, schools, students and other relevant parties. At the same time, education departments and primary and secondary schools all over Japan attach great importance to safety education for students and regard safety guidance as an important part of school education.

School buses in remote areas are included in the education cost budget.

The vast majority of primary and secondary school students in Japanese cities go to school nearby, usually by walking or taking public transportation, subway and other urban means of transportation to and from school. In remote areas, it is difficult for primary and secondary school students to go to school because of the sparse population, far from home and inconvenient transportation. To this end, local education committees in many remote areas of Japan have established school bus systems for local primary and secondary school students.

Japanese school bus system generally has two modes of operation: first, local governments buy vehicles for special school buses and recruit school bus drivers; Second, the local government or school signed a contract with the transportation company to entrust the task of transporting students to and from school to each other. No matter what kind of business model, school bus drivers and entrusted transportation companies must accept the management and supervision of the local education commission.

In most cases, the funds needed for the purchase and operation of school buses are included in the local education cost budget and paid by local finance. According to Japan's "Education Revitalization Law in Remote Areas", the state finance gives certain subsidies under certain circumstances, that is, it meets the accreditation standards of schools in remote areas stipulated by the state. When it is necessary to buy a school bus, the state treasury is responsible for the funds needed for12 of the car purchase.

In many places in Japan, students can take the school bus for free. However, due to the cost and financial pressure, some areas require to pay by school bus. Payment is similar to taking a bus, buying tickets in cash or buying monthly tickets or bus tickets in advance.

Implement standardized management and clarify the responsibilities of all parties.

By formulating school bus operation rules, local governments in Japan implement strict standardized management of school buses, paying special attention to clarifying the responsibilities of local governments, school bus drivers and students, and enhancing the safety and responsibility awareness of relevant personnel.