Refractory clay ore in northern Qinyang ()

The high-alumina refractory clay mining area in the north of Qinyang is located in Changping Township, Xiwan Township and Xixiang Town in the north of Qinyang City, starting from Hucun in the west and dustpan palm in the east. Within the range of about 8 kilometers from east to west and 5 kilometers from north to south, there are dozens of large and small mineral deposits (points) such as Yaotou, Changping, Qianhewan, Huangcaoping, Hucun, Hongtupo, Baipo and Baijizhang.

The high alumina refractory clay deposit is located in the middle and upper part of Middle Carboniferous benxi formation, and belongs to the karst coastal sedimentary deposit. The thickness of ore-bearing rock series in benxi formation is 4.75-57.8 1m, generally 10-20m. Among them, there are three layers of refractory clay minerals: upper, middle and lower. The middle seam is the main seam, which is layered, layered and lenticular. Generally, it is 2-4 meters thick, and the maximum thickness can reach 23.40 meters, which is strictly controlled by the fluctuation of carbonate erosion discontinuity in the underlying Ordovician. There is a positive correlation between the thickness of coal seam and ore-bearing strata. Due to tectonic action, most ore bodies remain at the top of the mountain. Due to irregular weathering and erosion, the length and width are generally between tens and hundreds of meters, and the maximum can reach 1900 meters. High-alumina refractory clay ore is generally located in the middle of the seam, and the roof and floor are hard refractory clay ore, soft refractory clay ore or bauxite respectively. The ore types are mainly dense massive and oolitic, the main mineral component is diaspore, followed by kaolinite, pyrophyllite and hydromica, and the main chemical component content is: Al2O3 45.42%-77.68%; TiO 2 1.78%—4.42%； fe2o 3 0.43%—2.50%； 0.03-0.80% of calcium oxide; 7.94%-39.90% of silica; K2O+Na2O 0.07%—6.39%。 The loss on ignition is 8.62%- 13.88%, and the fire resistance is 1750- 1790℃. Some ores meet the quality index of bauxite, and the aluminum-silicon ratio is generally 4-5, which belongs to low-grade diaspore bauxite with high aluminum, high silicon and low iron.

The geological work in this area started at 1958 1 1. In order to determine the value of benxi formation bauxite in the north of Qinyang, Mou Yongji, He Mechanics and others carried out ore occurrence inspection in Changping, Yaotou, Meiyaozhuang and Bojizhang. Fill in the geological map of1∶ 50,000 square kilometers, measure the Carboniferous stratigraphic profile, collect 62 chemical analysis samples from 28 outcrops, and estimate the prospective reserves. 1In April 1962, a general survey report of bauxite in Changping district, Qinyang County, Henan Province was compiled, which contributed to the discovery of this mine.

After the 1960s, with the continuous development of China's metallurgical industry, the demand for refractories increased sharply. Qinyang Clay Company and collective enterprises such as towns and villages have successively mined refractory clay minerals in this area, mainly mining high-alumina grade I and II ores, and then sold them to Anshan, Wuhan, Baotou, Maanshan and Shanghai. Its production scale has been impossible to check.

1August 1966 to165438+1October, Li Zhixiang, Zhang Qunzhe and Peng Yisheng from the 60 1 team of Zhongnan Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company visited Changping, Yaotou, Baipo, Hongtupo, Gushigou (coal kiln village) and Qianhouwan. Focusing on Changping mining area, the surface engineering exposure and sampling test were systematically carried out, and the outcrop plan of 1∶2000 coal seam was drawn up. The Report on General Survey and Evaluation of Bauxite and Clay Mines in Xiwan-Changping, Qinyang County, Henan Province, submitted in March, obtained bauxite14.23 million tons and refractory clay 79 1000 tons, which further affirmed the work value of this area.

197 1 year1month-1June, 1972, Chen Zhen' an and Zhao Weixin, the second geological team of Henan Geological Bureau, were entrusted by Luoyang Refractory Clay Material Factory of Ministry of Metallurgy to conduct a general survey of high-alumina refractory clay ore in Yaotou mining area in order to meet the needs of rapid development of metallurgical industry. Fill in the topographic and geological map of 1∶2000 mining area, 1.3 square kilometers, systematically expose the surface engineering, and control the deep engineering of100-150×100-150m grid. It is basically confirmed that this place is a medium clay deposit with high alumina refractory clay, which has industrial value for further exploration. 1July, 972, the geological evaluation report of refractory clay mine in Yaotou mining area of Qinyang County, Henan Province was submitted, and the reserves of refractory clay mine were proved to be 8140,000 tons. Among them, the high-alumina refractory clay mine is 4.98 million tons, accounting for 665,438+0%. 1September, 1977, it was converted to exploration. The drilling density is controlled at 50× 50m and 100× 100m grids. By the end of 1 1, 32 boreholes had been drilled, which were stopped due to serious water shortage.

1August 1972 to1April 1973, the second geological team An and Zhao Weixin carried out geological exploration in Changping mining area, focusing on the exploration of high-alumina refractory clay ore. Fill in the topographic and geological map of 1∶2000 mining area, construct1kloc-0/borehole, 186 exploration trough, with the spacing of 50- 100 meters. In the process of compiling this report, Anshan Ferrous Metal Mine Design Institute investigated the mining design conditions of Changping Mining Area and Yaotou Mining Area, and concluded that it is appropriate to calculate the high-grade reserves in Changping Mining Area according to 50× 50m and industrial reserve Engineering Grid according to 100× 100m, and the controlled high-grade reserves meet the requirements, but some work still needs to be done. The second geological team re-established the mining geological group with Liu Chunsheng and Zhang Shaofu as technical leaders, and conducted supplementary exploration in 1977 from May to September. The topographic and geological map of 1∶2000 mining area is surveyed again and supplemented, covering an area of 3 square kilometers. There are 17 supplementary boreholes and 15 exploration slots, totaling 1 18 construction boreholes with footage of 31/kloc-. In June+February of that year, the geological exploration report of Changping clay mining area in Qinyang County, Henan Province was submitted. The proven reserves of refractory clay mines were 6.46 million tons, including 5.42 million tons in industrial reserve, and high-alumina refractory clay mines accounted for 85% of the total reserves. The bauxite ore was comprehensively evaluated, with a reserve of 2.23 million tons. On August 4th, 198 1, 1 was approved by the professional group of the Provincial Storage Committee. Due to the reasons that the brick-making test of high-alumina refractory clay ore did not meet the quality requirements of high-alumina brick, the ground buildings were broken within the safe blasting distance, and the fire resistance test was insufficient, all the others were reduced to off-balance-sheet reserves except 457,400 tons of hard and semi-soft ore.

1from June, 1972 to June, 65438+February, Chen Zhen 'an and Zhao Weixin of the Second Geological Team conducted a general survey and evaluation of the adjacent Qianhewan mining area while exploring Changping mining area. The topographic and geological map of 1∶2000 was drawn, covering an area of 1.5 km2. On the surface, 85 exploratory trenches are constructed at the interval of 50-100m, and drilling control is carried out at the depth of100x100m. 22 boreholes were drilled with a footage of 565438. 10000 tons of industrial reserve, a refractory clay mine, was proved in March, 1978 by submitting the geological evaluation report (detailed investigation) of Qianhewan clay mine in Qinyang County, Henan Province. Among them, the high-alumina refractory clay mine is 6.5438+0.45 million tons, accounting for 72%. And obtained 235,565,438+ten thousand tons of bauxite industrial reserve.

By the end of 1986, the accumulated proven reserves of refractory clay in the north of Qinyang city were18.7 million tons (2.45 million tons in the reserves table). Among them, the high-alumina refractory clay ore is140,000 tons (the reserves in the table are145,000 tons). It is predicted that the total prospective reserve of high alumina refractory clay ore in this area can reach about 20 million tons, or the prospective reserve of bauxite is about100000 tons.

In the late 1950s and 1960s, Team 09 and Team Liu 0/kloc-0 successively conducted general survey and prospecting for bauxite and refractory clay deposits in this area, and found and preliminarily evaluated high-alumina refractory clay deposits in the north of Qinyang, which laid a foundation for further exploration and development. Since the 1970s, in order to meet the demand of the rapidly developing metallurgical industry for refractory materials, Geological Team 2 has carried out a lot of geological exploration work in this area, and successively evaluated and explored the mining areas such as Yaotou, Changping and Qianhewan, making it an important high-alumina refractory raw material base in northern Henan and contributing to the revitalization of the local economy.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the deepening of reform and opening up, Qinyang Clay Company organized extensive private mining in this area, with the joint efforts of state-owned, collective and individual enterprises. 10 Over the past years, it has mined more than 2 million tons with a profit of more than 30 million yuan, which has quickly changed the long-term desolate and barren poor mountainous area. At present, the annual output of ore is still above 654.38+10,000 tons, which can be used as high-alumina refractory and sold to major domestic steel mills and refractory factories, and can also meet the demand of some bauxite mines in nearby Zhongzhou Aluminum Plant.