The income of migrant workers is much higher than that of workers. Why do they have to be workers?

Recently, the Nanjiang County Federation of Trade Unions organized a special person to investigate Pinggang, Shitan, Chi Chang and other towns 10 around the problem of migrant workers returning home to start businesses. Up to now, the total number of migrant workers in these 10 townships is more than 38,500, including 386 self-employed, 325 returned migrant workers, and 1670 employed by labor and employment departments and township and village trade unions. A large number of migrant workers return to their hometowns, which makes the "returning geese economy" strongly prominent. However, while the "returning geese economy" has become a force that cannot be ignored in the development of county economy, the returning migrant workers who are the protagonists of returning geese are also facing many puzzles and difficulties. Puzzle 1: The information channel is blocked. Yue is from Chi Chang Town, Nanjiang County. Over the years, he has been "panning for gold" in Guangzhou with skillful technology. His salary of several thousand yuan every month went into his pocket, and he took the lead in building a two-story building in the village. Every time I go home for the New Year, I will be treated like a hero, and the villagers will ask questions around him. Last year, he quietly returned home early. At home, he stayed indoors and was depressed for nearly half a year. The first thing he said when he saw us on June 10 was, "What a difficult day! If I can find a job locally, I am willing to work for 600 yuan a month. " Chen Yan of Pinggang Township said: "I have been resting at home for half a year. I have been looking forward to going out to work and earning more money, but I often don't know where to find important people." She said that ordinary people don't read newspapers or surf the Internet, and they simply don't know where to recruit people. Many migrant workers said that it is difficult to go out to work at present, and it is also difficult to find a job. There is no goal or idea where to go to work in the second half of the year. It is hoped that the relevant departments will strengthen the collection and release of employment information, and use modern communication means to hold job fairs and other forms to provide practical and useful employment information for migrant workers, especially those who live in remote areas and have blocked information. This is what we heard the most in the interview. Puzzle 2: Training is not the right way. In order to let migrant workers master a skill, the labor department and trade union organizations have carried out free skill training in various places. But after studying for a few days, many migrant workers "dropped out" because they were too bored and too hard. He Ping of Zheng Zhi Town is one of them. 20 years old, went out to work with relatives after graduating from junior high school. In recent years, because he has no skills, his salary is always much less than that of his cousin who has skills. Before the Spring Festival, He Ping was laid off by the company because he didn't understand technology. Back home, He Ping made up his mind to learn a skill before going out to work. After returning to China, after learning the information of free training, he took the initiative to contact the training school and prepare to learn electric welding. In the first two days of "going to school", he was able to listen carefully and concentrate on taking notes, but after three or four days, he couldn't stand the tedious courses and boring teaching and sneaked home quietly. He thinks, why can't vocational schools and relevant departments organize training courses for migrant workers and formulate training plans and contents according to the characteristics and skills needs of migrant workers? Kang Rongxian, a migrant worker returning from Chichang Town, feels the same way. After he returned to his hometown in 2007, he and five people, including He Qunyuan and Kang Shimao, invested1more than 2 million yuan to establish Nanjiang Guangwushan Rice Industry Co., Ltd., with a daily output of rice 1500 tons. Last year, the output value was more than 95 million yuan, the profits and taxes were more than 3.5 million yuan, 54 migrant workers were employed stably, with an average monthly income of more than 2,000 yuan, and professional and technical personnel earned more than 4,000 yuan a month. On may 1 this year, kang rongxian was awarded the title of "entrepreneurial star" by the county party Committee and government. He told us: "Our processing enterprise with a high level of modern production technology needs high-quality technical backbone and modern enterprise management talents. At present, the outstanding problem that restricts the development of entrepreneurship in China is the lack of professional technology and management ability. Although government departments and trade unions at all levels have stepped up their skills training for migrant workers, there is still a certain gap between the training methods, contents and training fields and our actual needs. It is hoped that the relevant departments will adopt measures such as enterprise-specific policies, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, introducing foreign materials and inline training, and training them in sections to receive the due effect of training migrant workers who have returned home to start businesses. " Confusion 3: Liu Zibi, Party Secretary and Executive Vice Chairman of Nanjiang County Federation of Trade Unions, who has insufficient ability to resist market risks, said with deep feelings: "Returning migrant workers rely on their own economic strength and resource advantages to develop aquaculture, transportation and other projects. Although they have less investment, short cycle and quick results, their ability to resist market risks and human unfavorable factors is weak. " After the Spring Festival in 2008, Hu Shuhua, a villager in Jiucun Village, Shitan Township, stopped going out to work as in previous years because he had to take care of his family. I heard that the price of pork was very high at that time, and pigs could also make money, so I decided to stay at home and open a farm to raise pigs. After the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, Hu Shuhua began to cultivate land. In order to make up for the lack of technology, Hu Shuhua specially bought books on pig raising technology and humbly asked her neighbors for advice. At the beginning of February of the lunar calendar, Hu Shuhua and his wife built a pig farm with more than 400,000 yuan accumulated in 10 years. Under the careful care of family members, pigs grow well. Last year, due to the good price, Hu Shuhua earned back150,000 yuan. Hu Shuhua figured that according to this situation, their farm can recover its capital in less than three years, no worse than working outside. However, the sales of live pigs are getting weaker and weaker this year, and all farmers are complaining. The price of fresh meat is getting lower every day, which makes Hu Shuhua's dream shattered bit by bit. "Now that the market is like this, what should we do?" Puzzle 4: The financing "bottleneck" has not been broken. Zhang Tingrong, a migrant worker returning from one village and five cooperatives in Pinggang Township, is going upstream to expand the scale of farming when pork prices fall. After he returned to his hometown in 2007, he built a pig farm with his own 10 million yuan. The township government applied for a special fund of 500,000 yuan from the county poverty alleviation office, and arranged for the chairman of the township trade union to coordinate and solve the problems of land, timber and loans, so that the pig farm could be built and put into operation quickly. Last year, 360 fat pigs were slaughtered, 4 10 piglets, and the profit140,000 yuan. Just when he was bold, liquidity became a "bottleneck". He said: "The 500,000 yuan poverty alleviation loan that the township government helped me apply for, because there was no real estate mortgage, the credit union only lent me120,000 last year, and now I can't get it out. My plan to expand the scale of farming and build three biogas outlets has to be abandoned. " Liu Zibi believes that although migrant workers have accumulated a certain amount of funds when they return home, their personal savings are only a drop in the bucket, which is insignificant for the capital needs of establishing modern enterprises, implementing new agriculture and engaging in production and operation. More than 50% of migrant workers in this county have returned to their hometowns to start businesses. Because of their lack of funds, they can only rely on borrowing money from relatives and friends to make their entrepreneurial projects run normally. As far as we know, although towns and villages are inclined to their poverty alleviation loans, they give preferential treatment or reduction in land acquisition fees and taxes. However, because there is no mortgaged property, it is impossible to organize guarantees, and it is even more difficult to borrow money from banks, which leads to the end of the newly developed projects of individual migrant workers. If the financial sector does not give strong support to solve the problem of migrant workers' lack of venture capital and difficulties in starting businesses, most migrant workers will not be able to start their own businesses and drive more migrant workers to return to their hometowns for employment. Therefore, the shortage of liquidity and development funds will become a major obstacle for migrant workers to return home to start businesses. Yue Fubang Pu Guohua Our reporter Luo Xiangming