An effective way to reduce the installation cost?

Under the international epc general contracting management mode, the owner provides detailed function description, list items, total construction period, total cost and price adjustment details and other related contract documents, and the general contracting adopts the EPC management mode of trinity of design, procurement and construction [1]. This model first appeared in the United States in the 1980s, and gained the attention of owners who wanted to determine the total investment and construction period as soon as possible, so it was gradually applied in the international project contracting market. Through this new project management mode, the owner can effectively control the total investment and construction period, and the general contractor can optimize the project organization, strengthen the process control, improve the total quality management function, reduce the investment cost and speed up the project progress, thus effectively promoting the construction and commissioning of major construction projects. Taking Blida large residential project of Qingjian Group in Algeria as an example, this paper analyzes, implements and improves several main factors that affect the installation cost. The installation project of Blida Project has achieved good cost management effect in design optimization, detailed process flow and project claim.

1 Optimal design is the best saving.

Optimizing design management is the most effective way to reduce investment. Under the principle of "design optimization is the greatest saving", we will constantly improve the scientific, advanced, economical and feasible design scheme to promote the design compliance rate. Under the condition of satisfying the same function, the actual calculation shows that the technical, economic and reasonable design can reduce the project cost by 5% ~ 10% [2], or even reach 10%. In order to reduce the cost of human resources in residential projects in Blida and meet the requirements of local codes as soon as possible, we will outsource the design. After the preliminary design and drawing, the project department will organize engineers specializing in water, electricity and heating for installation, and invite experts from local authorities, water conservancy bureau and gas company to jointly review the drawings in detail. According to the requirements of Algerian national water, heating, electricity and equipment design code and the list of contract functions, expert engineers, supervisors, chief engineers of authoritative departments and designers of design institutes coordinate to select reasonable technical and economic parameters, and focus on controlling the main sub-items that affect the installation project cost. After many times of coordination, many parties signed PV records, and then the design institute further optimized the layout. What needs to be emphasized here is that the role of engineers is very important. It is necessary to understand international etiquette and have excellent communication and coordination skills in order to cooperate with foreign designers and local examination and approval officials. For example, in water supply specialty, the preliminary design of water inlet pipe is DN25. According to the local design code, we communicated with Blida Water Conservancy and Gas Company, invited their chief engineer to give us a lecture, and conducted detailed demonstration and test with them on the technical and economic flow affecting the selection of pipe diameter. In line with local codes and customs, the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe was changed from DN25 to DN20, and the drawings were submitted to the Provincial Water Resources Department for approval before implementation, so that the pipe diameter of the whole system was reduced by one code, which was about 65,438+. Optimizing design is not only to reduce the material cost, but also to reduce the related costs such as labor cost, machinery cost, equipment rental cost and construction period. Under the EPC general contracting mode with the total price basically unchanged, it is the most effective way to reduce the cost, control the quality, schedule and safety by refining the design economic and technical parameters and optimizing the design scheme, which can really be described as "saving lines in the design and saving tens of millions of investments".

2 detailed construction technology is an effective way to reduce the cost of human resources

Under the EPC management mode, refining the construction process is an important way to solve the human resource cost of international project contracting. Process refinement is to change a complex production process into a simple module for different production processes, then set process standards and operation standards for different simple modules, and then conduct targeted training for unprofessional employees to quickly adapt to the complex production process. In international project contracting, the shortage of human resources is an increasingly serious problem faced by multinational companies, especially high-quality installation workers in the field of construction and installation. In order to solve this problem effectively, we decompose complex technology into different technical sub-items, formulate detailed standards, and conduct targeted training for employees. First of all, we must skillfully do a technical sub-item, and the teams of different sub-items will flow in line. According to the logical relationship of production, different sub-items will be implemented to form a reasonable process, so that the construction production will be standardized, scaled and streamlined, and at the same time, each process will be transformed. For example, copper tube installation is divided into the following procedures: positioning and setting out (setting out group) → bracket installation (bracket group) → copper tube bending (tube simmering group) → copper tube installation and welding (installation group) → pressure repair (pressure welding group) → painting (painting group), and each group is controlled by 2-3 people. Formulate relevant codes of conduct, quality standards and detailed rules for reward and punishment management for each group and encourage them. At the same time, Tongcheng has established a competitive combination system and a smooth flow of mobile teams. The excellent ones are rewarded and the inferior ones are punished. After a running-in period of one to two weeks, the average efficiency has been greatly improved. After the successful pilot of pipeline and equipment types, the detailed production process was carried out in carpenters and steel reinforcement workers, and the main structure construction of the same number of workers was shortened from 5d/ floor to 6d/ floor and then to 3d/ floor, which greatly reduced the cost of human resources and improved the mechanical equipment. Refine the process flow, create conditions for on-site construction to be similar to industrial assembly line, and establish installation engineering mode for improving labor productivity, improving production quality and promoting technological progress.

Strengthening claim management is an effective way to reduce risk cost.

Strengthening claim management is an effective way to reduce risk cost, but in most cases, claim is only for compensation. In order to ensure the quality and substantial benefits of the claim, first of all, we should pay attention to the collection and collation of factual evidence of the claim event and its influence, especially the collation of audio-visual records, factual details and other contemporary materials as effective evidence, which should be accurate, clear and detailed and meet the requirements of the contract and laws. In order to ensure the reliability and validity of factual data, the event must be signed by a special person and an engineer. For example, every time it rains and snows in Blida project, the project arranges a special person to sign with Algerian engineer * * * to confirm the time and the related impact on photovoltaic. We have ordered the weather forecast data of the same period from Algerian National Meteorological Bureau, which provides strong evidence for the success of our claim for more than 0/00 days. Secondly, when submitting the letter of intent for claim in practical work, avoid using the word "claim" as the title. Generally, the term "financial calculation-payment" is easy to be accepted by the owner, and the letter of intent for claim should be submitted in writing within 28 days, indicating the contract terms and conditions requiring economic compensation. Within 28 days after submitting the intention, submit the claim report indicating the exact construction period or specific amount to the engineer, preferably one by one [3], and the different types of events should be numbered separately and be clear at a glance. The facts stated in the report should be fully detailed and illustrated, and the coordinated packaging of relevant materials should be optimized without giving the other party any evidence of counterclaim. This requires the person in charge of installation, business manager and legal personnel to study the bidding documents, function description documents, list documents, contract texts, process records and other related documents in detail, collect evidence of various factors affecting the construction progress and cost, and report it to the site supervisor for approval in time. Especially for the installation projects that are unfavorable to us, such as unclear function description and missing items in the list, we must make consultation records with the supervisor and the owner in time according to local specifications and international practices, and sign them for later use. Sufficient materials should be prepared before each negotiation, and the negotiation process must be modest, rational, beneficial and restrained, and an agreement should be reached honestly and mutually beneficial on the basis of mutual respect and equality, so as to maximize interests.

With the maturity of EPC contract management mode in international project contracting, the competition among international contractors is more intense, and the importance of management with low cost and high value as the core goal is more prominent. Engineering practice has proved that optimal design is an effective way to reduce the entity cost; Refinement of construction technology and strengthening claim management are effective management measures to reduce human resource cost and risk cost; In short, optimizing the management of all available resources to reduce costs is one of the effective ways to improve the competitiveness of international contracting.

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