What is the current employment situation of college students?

What are the main gaps in the next few years? What are the popular majors? As a talent export organization, how should colleges and universities plan their future professional settings? What are the employment prospects of female talents? The relevant materials provided by the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and the Employment and Service Guidance Center of Zhejiang University exclusively release the 20 10 forecast of the employment trend of colleges and universities: the total labor force is surplus, the gap of professional and technical personnel is not small, the agricultural gap is 2180,000, the industrial gap is122,000, and the tertiary industry gap is 3.25 million. According to the data of the Research Institute of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, China plans to increase the total labor demand180,000 people every year. However, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, there will be an annual supply of 20 million new laborers and 2 million surplus laborers. There is a gap between supply and demand. It is predicted that the total labor force in China will exceed the demand in the next few years, and a large number of laborers will be idle. However, according to the 2009 China Talent Report of China Institute of Personnel Science, by 20 10, the total supply of professional and technical talents in China will be 40 million, while the total demand will be 60 million. This data shows that China's labor force is generally surplus, but there will still be a shortage of professional and technical personnel. Primary industry: the demand for agricultural science and technology talents may reach several million in 20 10, but the supply of related talents is limited. According to the data of the Outline of Agricultural Science and Technology Development (200 1-20 10) issued by the State Council, there are 43 agricultural colleges and universities in China, with about 90,000 students and 35,000 teaching and research personnel. It is predicted that by 20 10, the talent gap will reach 2180,000. Secondary industry: 38% of China university students are engineering students, but the number of graduates is still insufficient. A large number of engineers are needed to revitalize China's industry, mainly focusing on IT, microelectronics, automobiles, environmental protection, system integration, new materials, new energy and energy-saving technology development, bar code technology, railway high-speed passenger transport technology and other fields. It is predicted that by 20 10, the talent gap will be the largest, reaching1220,000. Tertiary industry: This industry will be the sector with the largest number of employees. Some high-end foreign-related talents are in great demand, such as foreign-related accounting, foreign lawyers, foreign-related financial services, simultaneous interpretation, e-commerce, digital media, logistics, actuarial science, psychological consultation, etc. It is estimated that the talent gap is 3.25 million. The total number of professional and technical talents in China is still in short supply, and the problem of difficult employment for college students is only a symptom. The reason why we see difficulties is related to the individual performance differences of college students. First of all, as a college student, whether he has expertise, whether his knowledge and ability structure can meet the criteria for judging technical talents and whether it can meet the needs of society; Secondly, there are differences between individual employment will and social will. China's grass-roots and central and western regions need a large number of scientific and technological talents. Can college students attach importance to these employment opportunities? Learning a foreign language well is of great benefit to you. The famous McKinsey company predicts that there will be a great demand for talents with both technical background and good language skills in the next five years. It is an indisputable fact that China will need a large number of high-end technical talents who can communicate well in foreign languages. At present, middle-aged technicians in service lack language advantages. Although college students can pass CET-4 and CET-6, they generally lack fluent foreign language conversation ability, which is also the weak link for high-end talents to lack international competitiveness. Looking at foreign countries, the challenger company in the United States predicted the future employment situation in the United States and also mentioned the importance of foreign languages. They think that American international companies need talents who can speak foreign languages in the future, so that they can be sent to work in other countries in the world and realize the international operation of enterprises. Its CEO predicts that people who can only speak English will not be able to apply for similar jobs, let alone get similar jobs. Therefore, it is imperative to encourage bilingual teaching in colleges and universities, and foreign language teaching cannot stop at the high score of writing in exam-oriented education. In particular, research universities should strengthen foreign language teaching in order to make students speak foreign languages fluently. Foreign languages are not limited to English, but they should reach the level of fluent dialogue. According to the 2005 China Talent Report of China Institute of Personnel Science, China will need a large number of talents during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period: high-tech talents represented by electronic technology, bioengineering, aerospace technology, marine utilization, new energy and new materials; Information technology talents; Mechanical and electrical integration professional and technical personnel; Agricultural science and technology talents; Environmental protection technicians; Bioengineering R&D talents; International trade talents; Lawyer talent; Professional direction of nuclear power, aerospace and manufacturing. Not long ago, at the campus job fair for graduates of Zhejiang University in 2006, only one unit of CGNPC recruited more than 40 students, and many other units expressed the need for as many relevant students as possible. Obviously, the demand for these students is in short supply. Aerospace specialty and manufacturing industry have good prospects. At present, the Shenzhou VI manned spacecraft independently developed by China has been successfully launched. Next, going out of the capsule for ground activities, building a space station until the space station is docked, and catching up with the world-class needs a lot of professional investment. In the past, outstanding college students were reluctant to work in the aerospace sector because of the difficult conditions and low income, but now they have made great improvements. In 2005, Aerospace Science and Industry Group recruited 1 15 1 person in Beijing. According to the introduction of the Human Resources Department of China Aerospace Group, with the improvement of the country's economic strength, the income of the employees of AVIC Group is much higher than that of the same region in China, and the annual income of key talents of AVIC can reach more than 65,438+10,000 yuan. The development of manufacturing industry can not be ignored. At present, China's export products are mainly low value-added and labor-intensive products. From the perspective of development, it is imperative to turn "world factory" into "world factory". Professional and technical talents, high-end R&D talents and management talents needed by manufacturing industry are the talent training direction of research universities. The survey in 2002 showed that the number of female students in colleges and universities in China accounted for 43.95% of the total number, and the proportion of female students with science and engineering background was even lower. Taking Zhejiang University as an example, the survey data in 2004 showed that the number of female students was about 33%. However, compared with boys, girls are discriminated against in job hunting and continuing their studies. Employers and tutors often prefer boys, which leads to some female college students' employment difficulties and lack of self-confidence. From the perspective of internationalization, women's employment is actually more advantageous. Judging from the situation in the United States, the number of female white-collar workers in the United States has greatly increased, and the proportion of women who have obtained university degrees has surpassed that of boys. In universities, the proportion of female students taking foreign language examinations is 2.5 times higher than that of male students, and the proportion of studying for master's degree is also very high. It is predicted that before 20 10, 60% of college graduates in the United States will be women. Girls have their own advantages. First of all, in college, girls' study hard is not worse than boys'. Taking Zhejiang University as an example, the proportion of female graduates in 2005 who were admitted to graduate school was nearly 10 percentage points higher than that of male graduates. At present, to enter the middle management of enterprises, you must have a master's degree or above. Judging from this ratio, there are quite a few opportunities for girls. Secondly, from the perspective of foreign language learning, the advantages of girls are also very obvious. With a high level of education and good language communication skills, female students have good employment prospects.