What kind of crane is the dock crane used to lift containers?

1. Container Crane (Container Crane)

1. Query-side Container Crane (Query-side Container Crane)

Query-side container crane is the forefront of container terminals Special cranes for loading and unloading container ships mainly use special container spreaders to complete container loading and unloading operations. In order to adapt to the loading and unloading of heavy items on individual container ships, some quayside container cranes are equipped with heavy item hooks, and there are also a few ports where quayside container cranes have both container and grab loading and unloading functions.

The form of quayside container crane is determined by its operating characteristics and operating functions. At present, there are thousands of quayside container cranes in the world with different styles due to different manufacturers and terminals, but their basic forms are not very different. The front girders, main girders, and rear girders are supported by sea-side and land-side door frames, and are suspended through front and rear tie rods connected by ladder frames. The sea-side and land-side door frames are connected by diagonal braces and door frame beams, and the operating trolley is lifted by a wire rope. Suspended special container spreaders run forward and backward along the tracks installed on the front girder, main girder and rear girder. The driving mechanism and electrical equipment are generally placed on the main girder or rear girder. In order to facilitate the driver's operation, the driver's cab is generally arranged in the operating area. The rear lower part of the trolley runs with the trolley.

In recent years, with the development of the container transportation industry, in order to reduce transportation costs, the size of container ships has become larger and larger. The current loading capacity has reached 6 000TEU ~ 8 000TEU, and ships with a loading capacity of 10 000TEU or above It will also be put into operation soon. At the same time, some container terminals have widened the dimensions between the seaside rails and the fenders to facilitate various shipping operations by ships and port maintenance personnel. In this way, new requirements have been put forward for the form of quayside container cranes, and the main technical parameters have also changed accordingly.

At present, the front reach of quayside container cranes has reached 70m, the rear reach has reached 25m, the track gauge is generally 26m~30m, and the lifting height has reached 35m~40m, which is commonly referred to as super Panamanian model.

The main technical parameters have been improved. While various container port users are constantly pursuing quayside container cranes with increased front and rear reach, track gauge and lifting height, they also require that the productivity of this post-Panamax model cannot be reduced or even increased. In order to adapt to this requirement, all the main technical parameters, especially the speed parameters, have been improved accordingly. The full/no-load lifting speed reaches 90/180m/min, the trolley running speed reaches 240m/min, and the rated lifting capacity reaches 65t~70t.

2. Multipurpose Gantry Crane (Multipurpose Gantry Crane)

The multipurpose gantry crane is a variant of the general gantry crane. Its structure is basically the same as that of a universal gantry crane. The multi-purpose gantry crane is equipped with different loading and unloading attachments according to needs, and is equipped with corresponding additional devices, so that it can carry out container, general cargo and bulk cargo loading and unloading operations. It can also be equipped with electromagnetic chuck for loading and unloading scrap steel. When carrying out container operations, the center of mass of the container can be maintained in horizontal displacement during the entire luffing process, which facilitates container entry and exit from the container ship's grid guide rails and stacking operations. When the crane rotates, the spreader has the ability to reverse synchronous rotation to ensure the safety of the container. The longitudinal horizontal axis is always parallel to the crane rail. It facilitates container alignment and can effectively improve the efficiency of loading and unloading containers.

3. Rubber Tired High Mast Crane

The overhead container tire crane is a terminal front-end container crane developed on the basis of the rubber tire crane. Heavy machinery. It not only has the characteristics of a tire-type crane with strong maneuverability and low site requirements, but also has the characteristics of a gantry crane that can move cargo horizontally, has a cab higher from the ground, is easy to operate, and has a high hinge point on the boom, making it convenient for ship unloading operations. characteristics.

4. Rubber-tyred container gantry crane (RTG Container Crane)

The tire-tyred container gantry crane is a special machine for stacking container cargo. It consists of a portal bracket, a power transmission system, a lifting mechanism, a cart operating mechanism, a trolley operating mechanism and a telescopic spreader.

The traveling trolley equipped with a container spreader walks along the main beam track to carry out container loading, unloading and stacking operations. The tire-type traveling mechanism allows the crane to walk on the cargo yard and make a 90° right-angle turn to transfer from one cargo yard to another. , flexible operation.

5. Rail-mounted container gantry crane (RMG Container Crane)

Rail-mounted container gantry crane is mainly used for container loading and unloading at container railway transfer yards and large container storage and transportation yards. Moving and stacking.

The rail-mounted container gantry crane is composed of the main beam, rigid and flexible door legs, operating trolley, lifting mechanism, trolley operating mechanism, electrical system, operating cab, etc. According to the yard operation process, the cantilever can be extended in the direction of the single door leg or the double door leg to become a single cantilever or double cantilever model, and if it is not extended, it will be a non-cantilever model. Depending on the site, container storage and transportation process and the vehicle being loaded and unloaded (container truck or railway vehicle), different structural forms of no cantilever, single cantilever and double cantilever are determined.

2. Other Handling Equipments

1. Straddle Carrier for Freight Containers

Container Straddle Carrier It is a special container loading and unloading machine used in container terminals and container transfer station yards. Its function is to realize the horizontal transportation and stacking of containers and the loading and unloading of container semi-trailers.

2. Reach Stacker for Freight Containers

A container reach stacker is a container used to complete container loading, unloading, stacking and horizontal transportation operations. Loading and unloading handling machinery. It has the advantages of strong maneuverability, high operating efficiency, safety and reliability, easy and comfortable operation, etc. It is an ideal loading and unloading handling machine in the cargo yard.

3. Fork-lift Truck for Freight Containers

Container forklift is a special forklift developed from general-purpose forklifts and adapted to the special needs of container loading and unloading operations. It is used for container loading and unloading, stacking and short-distance transportation. It is one of the commonly used loading and unloading equipment in container terminals and cargo yards. It is generally equipped with a top lifting attachment (spreader) in front of the mast, which is connected to the container with the help of a twist lock and lifted from the top; the container can also be lifted and transported by inserting a cargo fork into the fork slot at the bottom of the container.

Container forklifts are divided into front container forklifts and side container forklifts according to their structural forms. Front-facing container forklifts are currently the most commonly used form. Side container forklifts are similar to ordinary side forklifts. When loading and unloading containers, the mast and forks are moved to the side, the container is forked and then retracted, and the container is placed on the cargo platform for transportation; top lifting accessories can also be installed for lifting. . Compared with the front container forklift, the lateral size of the side container forklift when traveling with a container is much smaller, and the required channel width is also narrower (about 4m); the load center when traveling with a container is between the front and rear wheels, and the walking stability is Better, the wheel pressure is evenly distributed. However, the structure and operation of side container forklifts are relatively complex, the driver's vision is poor, and the loading and unloading efficiency is low.

4. Self-loader for Freight Containers (Self-loader for Freight Containers)

Self-loader for Freight Containers consists of a container tractor, a container semi-trailer and a loading and unloading mechanism.

The container self-loading and unloading truck group can complete the loading, unloading and transportation of containers by itself without other loading and unloading machinery. It is suitable for places with small container volume and no lifting and loading equipment. Since the self-loading and unloading container truck set has a large weight, it is more suitable for short- and medium-distance "door-to-door" transportation, or as a connecting device for container ports, stations and highway combined transportation.

5. Ro/Ro Truck for Freight Containers

Ro/Ro Truck for Freight Containers consists of a roll-off tractor, a connecting device and a roll-off semi-trailer.

Container ro-ro units are only suitable for specialized container ro-ro ships, and the entire unit only travels between ro-ro ships and port cargo yards.

Generally, when a ro-ro ship arrives at the port, the ro-ro tractor enters the cabin through the springboard hinged with the bow door, tail door or side door, and tows the ro-ro semi-trailer loaded with containers to the terminal cargo yard; or the ro-ro semi-trailer is Towing into the ro-ro cabin. Ro-ro semi-trailers generally stack containers on the second floor.