What are the main tasks and work content of boiler operators?

The main tasks of boiler operators are maintenance, drainage and cleaning of the boiler.

The main contents are:

1. Maintenance

1. Pressure gauge, water level gauge (see the picture on the right), safety valve, sewage device, water supply valve, Steam valves, etc., check whether their performance meets the requirements and whether the switching status of other valves is in good condition.

2. Whether the performance status of the automatic control device system, including flame detectors, water level, water temperature detection, alarm devices, various interlocking devices, display control systems, etc., meets the requirements.

3. Whether the water supply system, including the water level of the water storage tank, water supply temperature, water treatment equipment, etc., meets the requirements.

4. The fuel combustion system, including fuel reserves, transmission lines, combustion equipment, ignition equipment, fuel cut-off devices, oil pumps, etc., check whether the conditions meet the requirements.

2. Blowdown

Before blowing down, the boiler water level is at a normal high level, and the boiler pressure is at 0.1-0.2MPA, in line with the principle of "frequent, infrequent, and even discharge" (At least once a day), in short intervals, that is, open and then close the drain valve, then close and then open again. Repeat this several times until the water level is at a normal low level. Remember not to drain the boiler.

Boiler pressure gauges, safety valves and other safety accessories should be calibrated regularly to ensure their reliability (pressure gauges at least once every six months and safety valves at least once a year).

After the horizontal oil (gas) boiler has been running continuously for 12 months, the smoke box door should be opened to clean the dust accumulation in the furnace or smoke pipe, check whether the smoke box cement has fallen off, and repair the falling place.

3. Cleaning

Clean the floating rust on the base and other exposed parts and paint them at least once a year.

After long-term operation of the boiler, scale and rust problems will inevitably occur. The occurrence of these problems, due to the generation of scale, will cause the heat transfer to deteriorate, resulting in a reduction in boiler efficiency.

So it is difficult to achieve the rated evaporation capacity; and due to the poor heat transfer, the metal overheats, and the furnace tube bulges or even explodes under the action of the boiler pressure; the heat transfer becomes poor, causing the fuel Consumption increases, operating costs rise, and boiler life is shortened. Therefore, after the boiler is scaled, necessary methods should be taken to remove the scale.

Extended information

Common accidents and causes

1. Incomplete combustion

Incomplete combustion of fuel due to excessive fuel components Completely, causing GAH to accumulate flammable materials on the hot surface.

Boilers mostly use purchased residual oil, cracked residual oil and raffinate C4 fuel. Their composition is heavier, the viscosity is higher, the auto-ignition point is low, and carbon is easily released during combustion. When steam atomizes the fuel, The crushing ability is also very poor, the content of macromolecule oil droplets is high, and the oil gun nozzle is easily clogged, thus often affecting the atomization quality and combustion effect of the fuel.

If the combustion is improperly adjusted during operation, the air volume is insufficient or the air distribution is unreasonable, and the process conditions fluctuate, it will be too late to completely burn the carbon black and produce black smoke. The oil particles that are not completely burned in the furnace are brought to the GAH heat exchange surface at the end of the boiler by the flue gas and begin to deposit.

2. Frequent purge and ignition

Frequent purge and ignition provide sufficient re-ignition conditions for the ignition of combustible deposits in the boiler.

During the boiler ignition process, the flue gas flow rate is low, and the oxygen content in the combustion system space is much higher than during normal operation. For example, furnace B was ignited and purged several times in succession, so there was still residual heat. The unburned combustibles re-ignite due to sufficient excess oxygen.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Boiler