Basic principles of social insurance operation

The so-called social insurance means that the state forces special people to pay the same insurance premium to the institutions designated by the government with human labor rights as the target, forming a mutual consumption fund; A social security system in which government-designated institutions provide the most basic material assistance when people lose their labor rights due to disability, illness, death, unemployment and old-age retirement.

Social insurance is an inevitable distribution relationship when the social economy develops to a certain stage. Its essence is that the state purposefully transfers a part of national income into social insurance funds, and through redistribution, it can ensure that people who have lost their ability to work and lost their job opportunities can have the most basic source of livelihood, thus maintaining and promoting the reproduction of social labor and ensuring the stability of social order. It has five obvious characteristics:

First, the mandatory nature of state power. Social insurance is enforced by national legislation or corresponding regulations formulated by the government. This is determined by the nature of the government in maintaining political power and promoting economic development. Belongs to the government's behavior of serving the society, so economically, it is ultimately backed by national financial resources.

Second, the particularity of the subject matter insured. First, the subject matter of insurance is special. According to different periods of social development, the government forces workers of different natures to participate in social insurance. Second, the subject matter of insurance is individual and special. Workers do not take human life or body as the subject matter, but labor rights as the subject matter, forming a social security relationship with the government with equal rights and obligations.

Third, social distribution and mutual assistance. Social insurance is actually the redistribution of national income and the exchange of rights and obligations between the government and workers. It does not seek corresponding economic compensation according to the amount paid. The government should try its best to protect specific special groups; Protected people should also fulfill their payment obligations when they have the right, ability and opportunity to work.

Fourth, the fairness of government behavior. Because of their different political, economic and social status, special people who participate in government compulsory social insurance do not enjoy the rights and obligations in social insurance equally. There is no inheritance of economic interests and rights. The collection of insurance funds is directly intervened by the state redistribution, which plays a role in adjusting the income gap and realizing social equity.

Fifth, the generality of economic compensation. When workers who participate in social insurance lose their job opportunities and abilities, they can only get the most basic living security. This is determined by the nature that "if society demands the permanent motive force of development, it must maintain the differences of various interests".