Detailed explanation of civil servant pension restructuring

The Decision on the Reform of the Old-age Insurance System for Staff in Government Offices and Institutions clearly stipulates that government offices and institutions should establish the same basic old-age insurance system as enterprises, implement payment by units and individuals, and reform the method of calculating and distributing retirement fees. Who is involved in this reform? How to distribute the pension after the reform? How to ensure that the treatment of on-the-job personnel does not decline? What is the function of occupational annuity? On issues of general concern to the society, the reporter of Economic Daily interviewed relevant experts.

"merger" highlights fairness

"This reform is conducive to establishing a fair and sustainable social security system covering urban and rural residents and achieving the development goal of universal participation." Jin Weigang, director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Social Security Research Institute, said that with the expansion of social security coverage in China, various social groups are gradually being incorporated into the social security system. Although in the past, most areas have carried out the pilot reform of the endowment insurance system for employees in government agencies and institutions, the reform is not in place. This reform can fundamentally solve the problem of "dual track system" from the institutional level.

"The reform of the old-age insurance system involves personnel of government agencies and institutions, which means that the fairness of the old-age insurance system has been qualitatively improved, and it is also conducive to accelerating the classification reform of government agencies and institutions." Lu, director of capital university of economics and business Social Security Research Center, said that according to the principle of "pay more, pay more for a long time", establishing a mechanism linking treatment with payment can equalize the rights and obligations of distribution according to work and help improve the enthusiasm of units and employees to participate in insurance payment.

Set up an independent account to avoid risks

At present, on-the-job personnel in government agencies and institutions, as well as future newcomers, will participate in social security according to what standards and how to pay their own old-age insurance?

"From the perspective of financing, the biggest highlight of this reform is that unit security has moved towards mutual assistance in social security. The social insurance financing mechanism paid by units and individuals and related to welfare will make the social security fund more stable and help ensure the sustainability of employee welfare. "Chu Fuling, director of the Social Security Research Center of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that the so-called social insurance financing mechanism, that is, employees pay fees and those who reach retirement age receive treatment, has the advantage of reducing the pressure on pension payment and sharing risks for the uncertainty of employee treatment.

The establishment of a separate account for the endowment insurance fund of government agencies and institutions, which is managed and used separately from the basic endowment insurance fund for enterprise employees, and incorporated into the management of financial accounts is conducive to clarifying the financial responsibilities at all levels and avoiding adverse effects on the basic endowment insurance fund for enterprise employees. "Jin Weigang said.

Chu Fuling believes that the main highlight of fund management is provincial co-ordination, that is, government agencies and institutions are integrated into provincial accounts at the provincial level and a unified fund pool is established, which will help to improve the fund scale.

"It should be said that the unified collection and expenditure of funds is a correct direction. In the future, the overall level of basic old-age insurance for employees will be further improved. " Yan Fuling said.

The new and old methods achieve smooth convergence.

According to the "Decision", all employees in government agencies and institutions will implement the method of "old methods for the elderly, new systems for newcomers, and gradual transition for Chinese".

"In layman's terms,' China people' refers to people who joined the work before the reform and retired after the reform, which is also the main target of this reform." Jin Weigang said.

The "Decision" clarifies that the level of treatment before and after the reform is linked. Achieve a smooth transition on the basis of gradual reform. So, how to ensure the convergence of the treatment of "China people"? Jin Weigang said that this reform properly handled the problem of poor treatment of "China people" before and after the reform. After the reform, the working years of "middle-aged people" who did not pay individual contributions before the reform were determined as "deemed payment years", and they were merged with the actual payment years when they retired as the basis for calculating pensions. At the same time, a certain transition period will be set after the reform. According to the length of the deemed payment period in the past, the old and new methods are compared, and the pension benefits can be basically guaranteed by calculating the transitional pension. In addition, if the pension calculated according to the new method is higher than the old method, there are restrictions on the higher part to prevent the unreasonable increase of pension. Adopting this transitional method is conducive to the smooth connection between the old and new methods before and after the reform.

Establish multi-level occupational annuity guarantee

The "Decision" proposes to establish an occupational annuity system. On the basis of participating in the basic old-age insurance, government agencies and institutions establish occupational annuities for their staff.

"The establishment of occupational annuity can realize the multi-level guarantee of endowment insurance and strengthen the fund support ability." Chu Fuling said that the main significance of establishing an occupational annuity lies in: First, achieving multi-level protection. The basic guarantee is led by the government to guarantee the basic level; Supplementary insurance is dominated by the market, forming supplementary treatment for employees, which is conducive to achieving equal emphasis on fairness and efficiency and the division of responsibilities between the government and the market. Second, it is conducive to providing more adequate and sustained protection for the treatment of staff.

"It is very important to establish occupational annuities at the same time in this reform, because the basic old-age insurance system is mainly to protect the basics, and its replacement rate has a certain gap with the replacement rate of retirement fees implemented before the reform. By establishing an occupational annuity, the level of pension benefits obtained from the basic old-age insurance fund and occupational annuity after retirement can be improved, which will complement the old-age security. " Jin Weigang believes that this reform clearly requires government agencies and institutions to establish occupational annuities simultaneously, which will enable occupational annuities to be widely and rapidly established in government agencies and institutions.