Rural social security reform latest news

The construction of rural social security is an important part of the construction of China's entire social security system, this work is related to the construction of a new socialist countryside, is related to the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects. Actively promote the reform of the rural social security system, is to promote the integration of urban and rural development performance, but also the construction of a harmonious socialist society, the realization of the inherent requirements of the Chinese dream.

I, China's rural social security problems

In the context of building a new socialist countryside, China's rural social security system has made some progress in the construction. However, compared with the more perfect social security system in the city, the development of China's rural social security undertakings are still primary, low level. There are problems mainly in the following areas.

1, narrow coverage

Compared with the scope of coverage of urban security, China's rural social security system is very unsound, most people in rural areas have not been able to enjoy social security. According to relevant surveys show that 20% of the total population of urban residents enjoy 89% of the country's social security resources; while 80% of the total population of rural residents, enjoying only 11% of the social security investment. In addition, China's cities and towns have generally established a social security system that basically covers all items of social insurance, social welfare, social assistance and preferential rehousing, etc., while rural social security only includes low income insurance, five guarantees of sustenance, basic living assistance for households in special hardship, preferential rehousing, etc., and cooperative medical care and old-age pension have not yet been established in some rural areas, and housing security, unemployment insurance, maternity insurance, work-related injury insurance, and quite a number of social welfare programs are basically not available. There are basically no such programs.

2, security management chaos

China's rural social security status is divided into urban and rural areas, divided into sectors, multiple management, their own way, the emergence of "many dragons to rule the water" situation. From the point of view of the management institutions, medical security to the health sector and workers in the unit or village collective **** with the management of rural pensions and welfare and relief to the management of the civil affairs department, in some areas of the state-owned enterprises working in rural workers in the social security co-ordination to the management of the labor sector, the countryside in some places or township enterprises have also introduced to social security and provisions. Because of the different status and interests of the various departments and units, this is bound to give rise to contradictions and cause confusion in the management system. In addition, there is a lack of discipline in the management of the security fund. Because, China's social security management lack of professionals and strict management system, coupled with the lower quality of staff engaged in rural social security, so there are some areas of the security fund for other purposes or private sharing, some of the security fund loaned to enterprises or used to engage in investment, speculation in stocks and so on the phenomenon.

3, insufficient funds

Funds are the core issue in promoting the construction of rural social security system. At present, China's government finance for social security amount to the central government's total expenditure ratio of only about 10%, which is far below the level of other countries in the world. Moreover, the vast majority of China's 10% financial input has been given to urban residents, and the share enjoyed by rural residents is extremely small. Moreover, China's rural social pension insurance and cooperative medical care take the form of individual and collective contributions by farmers. Due to the low income level of farmers, their own personal contribution ability is limited, many farmers simply give up insurance, which greatly weakened the protection function of rural social security.

4, protection legislation lags behind

Social security system needs strong laws and regulations to support. However, so far, China has not introduced a basic law specifically for rural social security work. China's rural social security legislation situation is characterized prominently by the lack of legal system, the low level of legislation, the main body of legislation is confusing, the legislative hierarchy is disordered. Moreover, the rural social security system is mainly guided by the policies of the relevant departments and local governments and lacks a legal basis.

5. Uneven development of protection

On the one hand, the development of rural social security in different regions and industries has a great disparity because it is affected by the degree of attention paid by the government and the level of development. The level of rural social security enjoyed by regions and industries with better economic conditions is obviously higher than that of regions and industries with a weak economic base, and the number of items covered by them is obviously higher, and the standard of coverage is obviously higher. On the other hand, the development of protection programs is not sufficiently balanced. Such as rural medical security, rural social assistance and other reforms, although a late start, but through the active promotion of the relevant departments, have made breakthroughs in recent years; rural workers disabled orphans and other special groups of protection is not yet a practical safeguard; rural social pension insurance, although the earliest start, but the progress has been slower, and the effect of the most unsatisfactory.

Second, rural social security lagging behind the analysis of the reasons

1, the existence of urban-rural dual structure

"Urban and rural dual economic structure" and the resulting "urban and rural dual social security structure" is currently China's social security is still in a backward state. China's long-established urban-rural dual economic structure characterized by household registration is the deep-seated reason for the formation and maintenance of the dual social security system, but also an important source of the economic system of the slow development of rural social security undertakings. Now the difference between urban and rural areas in China is gradually narrowing, but in the short term, it is very difficult to change the policies of urban-rural differences - household registration system, land use system, education system, which will directly affect the formulation of social security policies in rural areas and the rational allocation of social security resources between urban and rural areas.

2. Absence of government responsibility

For a long time, the government's role in rural social security has been inaccurately positioned, so it has led to the lack of effective government leadership and organization of rural social security work, as well as the government's financial investment in rural social security work is lower than that of the towns. As a result, the implementation of social security in rural areas has continued the urban-rural dichotomy of "state-run public **** undertakings in the cities and peasant-run public **** undertakings in the countryside", with the per capita expenditure on social security for urban workers amounting to 1,765 yuan in 2003, compared with 14 yuan for rural workers, a ratio of 126:1 between urban and rural areas. As high as 126:1.

3. Lagging research, unclear goals

Over the years of development, China has given more consideration to economic development, and has placed more emphasis on the growth of economic aggregates, relatively ignoring the quality of economic growth and social equity issues. Government officials and academics believe that although rural pension and medical insurance are important, they are not yet very urgent, and that traditional land and family security should still play a fundamental role, and that the country does not have the capacity to establish a complete rural social security system. This misunderstanding directly affects the research process of rural social security issues, affecting the strength and depth of the reform and hindering the development of rural social security.

4, the lack of awareness of farmers to participate in

In our country, the overall level of cultural quality of farmers is low, coupled with the rural information is closed, many farmers do not understand the content of the current stage of social security and its nature, the awareness of social security is weak. Moreover, in China's rural areas, the traditional family concept of old age is very popular, farmers generally hold the view that "raising children to prevent old age", "raising children to prevent illness", that people's birth, old age, illness and death should be borne by the family, family security is their security. This concept of farmers is not conducive to the development of social security in rural areas.

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