Why do many companies pay five insurances to their employees, and all of them pay according to the minimum proportion?

In the workplace, there are indeed cases where bad enterprises pay social insurance for workers according to the minimum base (hereinafter referred to as the "lower limit").

Alas! It's all the fault of interest!

1, let's calculate the economic account first:

Suppose an employee who works in the Imperial Capital has an average monthly salary of 1 10,000 yuan in the last year. According to relevant regulations, he needs to pay five insurances and one gold based on 10000 yuan this year. So, how much do the five insurance companies and workers bear?

The enterprise needs to bear 2,000 yuan of endowment insurance for him every month, and the employee's personal 800 yuan;

The enterprise needs to bear 1000 yuan of medical insurance for him every month, and the individual employee is 203 yuan;

The enterprise needs to bear unemployment insurance for him every month 100 yuan, employee 20 yuan;

The enterprise needs to bear maternity insurance for him every month, 80 yuan, and 0 yuan, the employee;

The enterprise needs to bear 100 yuan of industrial injury insurance for him every month, and the employee is 0 yuan;

As can be seen from the above, the paid-in enterprise has to bear the cost of five risks of 3280 yuan, and the laborer has to bear 1043 yuan.

And if he pays according to the lower limit, the enterprise only needs to bear 13 16 yuan every month, and the individual worker needs to bear 388 yuan.

Comparing the two, we can see that the difference between them is that the enterprise reduces the cost by 3280-1316 =1964 yuan;

The laborer personally spent 655 yuan less.

Is that clear? Enterprises spend nearly 2000 yuan less every month to reduce costs; Workers earn an extra 655 yuan per month (excluding tax), which enhances the competitiveness of wages in the market. However, this kind of behavior is illegal and harms the interests of the country and the long-term interests of workers.

2. As a laborer, how to deal with this situation? First of all, according to the spirit of the minutes of the meeting between the Beijing Higher People's Court and the human resources and social security departments, the behavior of not paying social insurance to workers can be accepted by the labor dispute arbitration department, while the behavior of insufficient social security base does not belong to the arbitration department, but is the responsibility of the social security audit department, which needs attention.

The above only takes the Imperial Capital as an example, and other regions can refer to it.

After graduating from college, Xiao Li joined a foreign trade company. A year later, Xiao Li was promoted to department head, and her monthly salary rose to 1 10,000 yuan. However, when Xiao Li signed a labor contract with the company, she found that the social security benefits actually stipulated that her pension, medical care, unemployment, work injury and maternity insurance were all insured according to the minimum insurance base stipulated by the Social Security Bureau. Later, when I got to know Xiao Li, I realized that this was the "hidden rule" of many companies. All employees, regardless of their salary, will pay five insurances according to the minimum insurance base. For such a "overlord clause", employees can only submit to humiliation. A report shows that more than 70% of enterprises in China have not approved the social security payment base according to the actual wages of employees, and more than 30% of enterprises pay according to the minimum base. Why do these enterprises have to pay according to the minimum proportion? Mainly to save the labor cost of enterprises. Social insurance premiums in China are shared by units and individuals, and the proportion paid by units is more than that paid by individuals. Take Beijing as an example. The average unit pays three times as much as the individual. Of course, the proportion of payment in different regions is different. In order to save labor costs and increase the economic benefits of enterprises, enterprises will underreport the salary of each employee when reporting to the social security department, such as pre-tax salary 10000 yuan, and enterprises only report more than 4000 yuan, so that units and individuals can save more than half of the payment amount. According to this wig salary, the unit can save a lot of money every month. Surprisingly, the unit has reduced the base of employees' contributions, obviously because they have suffered losses, but many employees in enterprises don't care too much, not only don't pursue them, but many people, especially young people who have just joined the work, feel very happy because of their good health and relatively weak economic foundation at this stage, just because their contribution money is less. As everyone knows, if the five insurance bases are underpaid, how painful they are. At present, the proportion of enterprises in China paying five insurances is: the proportion of endowment insurance is 22% for employees and 8% for employees; Unemployment insurance ratio is 2% employees1%; The proportion of medical insurance is 8% for employees and 2% for employees; The proportion of industrial injury insurance is that 0.6% of enterprises do not have to bear it; Maternity insurance does not cover 0.9% of enterprises. If the enterprise pays employees five insurances according to the minimum standards, the pension and medical treatment you enjoy after retirement will be relatively low. At most, it is a loss!

To tell the truth, many enterprises simply don't want to pay social security for their employees if it is not forced by the situation! Don't say pay in the lowest proportion! Fortunately, this is an improvement and a good phenomenon. So why did the company do this? It is not difficult to understand the calculation of an account!

First, the risk of not paying social security at all is too great. In the past, because of the underdeveloped network, the labor contract law and other related laws were not so widely popularized, and many employees did not understand it. Therefore, many enterprises do not pay social security for their employees, and employees will not complain. Coupled with the flicker and routines of enterprises, enterprises will not suffer in this respect.

But it's different now. In the era of Internet information, employees can check relevant laws and regulations at any time, so if they don't pay social security at all, enterprises can't successfully fool employees, and there are the following risks.

1. Employees can be forced to terminate the labor contract at any time on this ground and ask the company to pay economic compensation.

2. Employees can ask the company to pay social security at any time.

3. If an employee is injured at work, the company may have to bear the expenses that should have been paid by the industrial injury insurance.

4. If the employee fails to pay social security, resulting in the inability to receive medical reimbursement and unemployment benefits, the employee can claim compensation from the company for this part of the loss.

5, some government subsidies declaration, bidding, etc. , there may be a certain proportion of employees' social security payment records.

Second, why should I pay according to the minimum proportion? Isn't that illegal? In fact, it is illegal for a company not to pay social security for employees in full according to their actual wages. Employees can ask the company to make up the difference, but for the enterprise, it has reduced a lot of risks, and the most important thing is to save a lot of money for the enterprise. For the company, these are the main benefits!

1. If you don't pay social security in full, you can't directly force employees to terminate the labor contract. Instead, you should give employees a month's overdue time, so that the company has sufficient response time, while enterprises "don't pay social security at all" have no response time.

2. In case of work-related injury, employees can enjoy work-related injury treatment, and enterprises can also reduce a lot of expenses. Although employees can't fully enjoy it, many employees won't be entangled in it.

3. It does not affect employees' reimbursement for medical treatment, nor does it affect receiving unemployment insurance benefits. This work is uncontroversial.

The most important thing is that this company can save a lot of money.

The number of employees 1 000, with an average salary of 5,000 yuan. And the company only pays social security at 2000 yuan, so for the difference of 3000 yuan, such as 16% of the company's social security contribution, one person can deposit in 480 yuan for one month, which is 5760 yuan a year, and employees with 1000 yuan can deposit 576 yuan a year.

And how many people can complain about paying social security in a company a year? Even if an individual asks to pay back the money, it is nothing compared with the 5.76 million saved in a year!

Therefore, many enterprises will pay social security to their employees now, but generally they will pay at a minimum rate. Although this is illegal, it has the least risk to the enterprise and saves a lot of money for the company.

Why do many enterprises pay the lowest proportion of five insurances to their employees? The reason is very simple, saving labor costs! More straightforward, save money!

The five risks are really a heavy burden for enterprises. I am doing human resources work in an enterprise, and it really hurts me to see the monthly salary table of employees, the amount of five insurances and one gold undertaken by the enterprise and the personal commitment of employees. Faced with the pressure of enterprises and employees, it is not easy to feel distressed.

Let's calculate an account first, taking Beijing as an example:

If the employee's monthly salary is 10000 yuan, and five insurances are paid according to the base of 10000 yuan, the enterprise needs to bear 3090 yuan per month, and the individual bears 1023 yuan (this part is deducted from the employee's salary every month).

For employees with a monthly salary of 10000 yuan, if they pay according to the minimum base of five insurances in Beijing in 20 17 years, the enterprise needs to bear 1 123.5 yuan per month, and the individual bears 348.2 yuan.

I don't know, but I am shocked! Monthly salary 10000 yuan, paid according to the actual base and the minimum base. The monthly burden of enterprises is 3090-1123.5 =1966.5. Employees should also be deducted 1023-348.2=674.8.

The burden paid by the enterprise 1966 yuan was paid to the social security and entered the social security pooling account. The employees did not really enjoy it in a short time, and the part of the endowment insurance deducted by the employees also entered the social security pooling personal account, which can only be taken out when they retire.

Therefore, in practice, many newcomers in the workplace will take the initiative to ask whether the company can pay social insurance according to the minimum base, so that they can get more wages every month.

Some jobs in the service industry with high employee mobility, such as security guards and restaurant waiters, even require companies not to pay social insurance for themselves, and exchange this money for cash and send it to themselves. Of course, if enterprises do this, it is definitely illegal. If it is audited by the social security agency, it can be returned, but if it does not pay the five insurances, the problem will be big.

Welcome to comment and discuss together ~

Indeed, many people find that social insurance paid by employers to employees is mostly based on the minimum base of 60%. This seems to be a common problem in some private enterprises. In order to save labor costs, the unit deliberately declares social security to employees according to the minimum base. Just like flexible employees, but flexible employees have the right to choose their own payment base, which is legal.

The reason for this is actually very bitter. It is not easy to be a private enterprise, and it is engaged in some industries with low profits and high turnover. If you accidentally break the capital chain, you may go bankrupt, and the wages offered by enterprises are generally not very high. However, due to the small scale and low wages of private enterprises, high-quality young people are generally reluctant to work in such units.

In recent years, the base of social security payment has been rising, and the burden of enterprise payment has become heavier and heavier. For example, in 2020, the minimum payment base of Shanghai's old-age insurance is 4927 yuan, but the minimum base of 202 1 has been raised to 5975 yuan. If the burden ratio of the unit plus the individual is 38%, that is to say, the social security paid by the unit should be increased by at least 380 yuan every month. According to the base of 5975 yuan, only paying social insurance premiums can reach 2270 yuan per month. If the employee's salary is 1 1,000 yuan, the monthly social insurance premium is actually 3,800 yuan. However, in the view of workers, if the salary is 1 1530 yuan, it is more attractive than just 1 10,000 yuan.

At present, the social security payment system also has defects. That is, the employer declares the social security payment base every year, and the social security department can verify it. If the social security department does not randomly check the employer's salary information, it can pay it according to the social security base. In 2065438+2009, when the state asked to transfer the collection of social insurance premiums to the tax authorities, many people were still worried about paying social insurance according to the tax declaration base. But this kind of worry seems to be superfluous, and the state still adopts the previous approval model.

In fact, the tax department is more professional than the social security department and has more say in whether the payment base is true or not. However, if social insurance premiums are withheld and remitted directly according to the reporting base of individual income tax, although the loss of social insurance premiums can be avoided to a certain extent, it will also greatly increase the burden on enterprises and even cause a number of private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises with low profitability to close down.

At present, China's payment base is approved according to 60%~300% of the average social wage in the previous year. For those whose payment base is less than 60%, they have to pay according to 60%, which really increases the social burden. How to improve the social security payment system is actually an important topic in the future. Most people think that, like Shenzhen, the society is more willing to accept the way that social insurance can be paid according to the minimum wage level.

Generally speaking, the policy of approving the social security payment base is related to the interests of a large number of private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, and even to the question of whether the employment of workers is insurable. Therefore, before the country does not have a suitable policy, it is impossible for the policy to change much in a short time.

Of course, according to the Social Insurance Law, employers should pay social insurance for employees in full and on time. If the social insurance is not paid in full, the workers can complain to the labor inspection department, the social insurance audit department or the collection agency to safeguard their rights. If you take the initiative to safeguard rights, the relevant administrative law enforcement departments will safeguard the rights and interests of employees. Failure to defend rights may be a tacit understanding between employees and employers.

From 2065438 to 2008, the company paid five insurances to employees, all of which were paid at the lowest proportion, with the main consideration being to save economic costs; Every company should report the company's payment base every year, and the sum of all employees' payment bases is the company's payment base, and then pay social insurance, so in order to reduce economic costs, the proportion paid to employees is the lowest;

Everyone doesn't know that 0.5% of work-related injury insurance and 0.8% of maternity insurance are paid in full by the company, and individuals can enjoy the corresponding welfare benefits without paying;

Next, we will analyze the intermediate economic costs through data;

Let's assume that the company's contribution base is 5000 yuan, and the company's pension insurance ratio is 20%. 100% and 60% gears are paid as follows:

Endowment insurance can save 400 yuan. As you can imagine, when giving employees five risks, choose the lowest grade instead of the relatively high grade;

In fact, many companies give employees five insurances and one file, which is also relatively high. Some friends I know are that the salary scale of industrial units is relatively high, which can not be generalized, but can only be said to be a common phenomenon;

Although the company pays us the lowest grade of old-age insurance every year, the main factors affecting our pension are the payment base and gear. If the payment base is the same, different payment files receive different pensions.

A netizen once complained to me that his salary is similar to his friend's, that is, their company has a high payment gear, and finally they can get 300 yuan more every month, so everyone has to ask for various benefits when they join the company;

Question: Why do many enterprises pay employees the lowest rate of five insurances?

The difference in money is caused by interests. The question is about the payment standard of the insured in the social insurance unit for urban workers. Social insurance units for urban workers are divided into enterprises and institutions. Paying social security according to the minimum ratio usually occurs in non-state-owned enterprises, especially in private enterprises, foreign enterprises and joint ventures. Private enterprises are the hardest hit areas. Some low-income employees should pay social security according to the minimum standard, which is legal. However, the actual income of many employees exceeds the lower limit of the social security contribution base. It is illegal for enterprises to pay social security according to the minimum standard, which violates the labor contract law, social insurance law and other relevant regulations. Enterprises know the law and violate the law, knowing it. Why is this?

1, what is the social security payment burden of the company? As we all know, the social security expenses of the insured units are shared by employers and individuals. The unit is the person in charge of Jiaotong University, and the individual is the person in charge. Therefore, the unit needs to spend a large sum of overall expenses for social security every month. The payment standard of social security five insurances varies from place to place. The income is not within the upper and lower limits of social security, or the income is very high and low. What is the overall cost that the unit has to pay? The general reference value is about 33% of employees' monthly pre-tax salary. Among them, pension insurance is about 20%, medical insurance is about 10%, and unemployment, maternity and industrial injury insurance total about 3%. In short, this is really a lot of money, which means that employees with a monthly income of 1 10,000 have to pay 3300 yuan in social security. Different unit systems have different carrying capacities.

2. Why can state-owned enterprises and institutions pay social security in full and on time? State-owned enterprises and institutions are not bad because they are backed by public funds, so they generally pay social security in full and on time, and their pension benefits are also high in the future. 33% of employees' pre-tax salary is not a problem, just a little more. Therefore, the unit will also pay supplementary pension insurance and provident fund for them, and will increase the expenditure of employees' pre-tax wages by about 20%, and other welfare benefits are also guaranteed. They don't need to meet the minimum standards of social security in Ghana, and they have no incentive to do so.

3. Why do most non-state-owned enterprises, especially private enterprises, pay social security for employees according to the minimum standards? Because they don't have the so-called public funds as the backing, and they don't have a penny of financial subsidies, they need real money from the unit, which is costly and heavy. The economic environment is not good, business is not good, and even money can't be earned. Because of interests, problems and countermeasures come. Most units don't take the actual income of employees as the payment base, or pay social security according to the minimum standard or discount, and some units don't pay social security to employees at all. If you honestly pay according to the actual salary of employees, the social security burden will be heavier, but communication according to the minimum standard will be different, saving too much, but it is illegal to do so.

33% of 3000 yuan, 33% of 6000 yuan, 33% of 10000 yuan and 33% of 20000 yuan, what's the difference? It's only a month's difference. What about five years a year? For example, employees pay social security according to the payment base of 5,000 yuan when the monthly salary is 20,000 yuan, and the unit can save about 5,000 yuan a month and 60,000 yuan a year.

4. Not all cases of paying social security according to the minimum living standard are illegal (1), which is the legal payment base of low-income people.

For low-income people, if the monthly income of employees is lower than the lower limit of the local social security payment base (generally 60% or 40% of the local social security salary in the previous year, and the local standards are not uniform), social security premiums must be paid according to the lower limit of the social security payment base. For example, if the employee's monthly salary is 2,000 yuan and the local social security payment base is 3,000 yuan, then the social security fee to be paid will be calculated according to the payment standard of 3,000 yuan. Payment amount = payment base * payment proportion.

(2) the statutory payment base of high-income earners

Similarly, for high-income earners, if the monthly income of employees is higher than the upper limit of the local social security payment base (generally 300% of the local social security salary in the previous year), they must pay social security fees according to the upper limit of the social security payment base. For example, the monthly salary of employees is 30,000 yuan, and the upper limit of the local social security payment base is 20,000 yuan, so the social security fee to be paid must be calculated according to the payment standard of 20,000 yuan.

(3) the statutory payment base of ordinary income.

Ordinary people whose monthly income is between the upper and lower limits of the local social security payment base should pay social security according to their actual income. It is only in this case that it is illegal for employers to pay social security according to the minimum standard or discount standard, which belongs to the scope we want to explore.

Not all enterprises that pay social security to employees according to the minimum standard can't afford it, but they also pay social security to employees according to the minimum standard. The boss's motives or reasons for doing this are different. Some enterprises have low operating profits and are difficult to afford. It is understandable to pay according to the minimum standard, but it is unforgivable not to pay social security to employees. If you can't afford to run a company, you should have the most basic social responsibility; Some units have good benefits, and the boss is insatiable, depriving employees of their legitimate rights and interests, which is really hateful; Some are opportunists, depending on whether the supervision is strict or not. The supervision is not strict. If others do this, they will do the same. This kind of oil is moderate, and the boss's personality is not much better.

Fortunately, starting from June 65438+1 October1next year, social security fees in various places will be uniformly changed to individual tax collection. By then, the supervision will be greatly strengthened and the situation will be improved. In addition, the tax threshold has also been raised, and most people's taxes will be reduced next year, which is also a balance mechanism. On the other hand, in recent years, the state is also trying to gradually reduce the social security contribution rate and reduce the burden on enterprises. Overall, the situation of participating in insurance according to law is constantly improving.

6. What is the harm of paying social security according to the minimum standard? Regrettably, some people, especially low-income people, are insensitive to the fact that the unit does not pay social security for itself, or pays social security for itself according to the minimum standards. They don't agree, even hope so. In fact, they are short-sighted. If a person doesn't think about distant things, he will find sadness close at hand. If you don't pay social security for employees on time and in full according to law, although your personal income will be higher every month now, which can alleviate the current difficulties, you will ultimately hurt your own fundamental interests, whether in the immediate or recent comprehensive interests or in the long run.

Specifically, if you don't pay social security, in the near future, it may affect your rights and interests such as buying a house, buying a car, sending your children to school, receiving unemployment benefits, enjoying work-related injury benefits and loans, which should not be underestimated.

In the long run, if you don't pay social security, you can't retire when you are old and get a monthly pension. Illness, especially serious illness, poverty caused by illness, can not afford to cure, dare not cure, can only wait for death, no old age (pension), no medical care (medical insurance). what can I do?

Paying social security according to the minimum standard means that after retirement, you get the minimum standard pension, which affects the quality of old-age care. The difficulties now cannot be compared with those in old age. At that time, I couldn't do anything, I was sick, I couldn't even take care of myself, and I didn't have pension and medical insurance benefits. what can I do?

Conclusion:

To sum up, if the employer fails to pay social security for you on time and in full according to law, it is because of interests, illegal and immoral, which will hurt your fundamental interests, including short-term, medium-term and long-term interests. Please pay enough attention to it. When necessary, we should take up legal weapons and safeguard rights according to law. Social security labor inspection brigade, social security audit, arbitration, court and district government are all docking departments. In order to realize the interests of the group more quickly, it is suggested that the ceremony should go with the soldiers.

Hello, the landlord, the state stipulates that as long as you sign a labor contract with an employee, you must pay five insurances for him according to law. Five insurances refer to endowment insurance, medical insurance, industrial injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance. These five kinds of insurance are legal in the country. It must be paid.

Therefore, enterprises do not violate the statutory provisions of the state. In order to save enterprise costs and labor costs. So put this employee's. Five risks pay the lowest grade! This is also understandable and does not violate national laws and regulations.

In fact, the original intention of the enterprise is to reduce the cost and labor cost of the enterprise. Of course, employees, as beneficiaries, do suffer some damage to this interest. But as a laborer, it is not qualified to raise objections to the management. Therefore, most employees of the company silently recognize this matter.

According to common sense, you should pay as much as you get. But sometimes enterprises can only pay according to the minimum base in order to save their own costs, and this employee can't help it.

This is mainly because the social insurance in our country has a heavy burden on enterprises.

According to relevant laws and regulations, work units must pay social insurance for employees, and the payment of social insurance is generally related to the average social wage. Take our local social security payment ratio as an example: pension insurance units need to pay 20% of wages and individuals pay 8%; Medical insurance units need to pay 7%, and individuals pay 2%; Maternity insurance units pay 0.5%; Work-related injury insurance unit pays1.5%; Unemployment insurance unit pays 1.5%. In other words, the company needs to pay 30.5% social insurance for its employees every month. Not to mention the provident fund.

Because the payment is compulsory, assuming that a company has 1 000 employees, if the salary of each person is 5,000 yuan according to the salary of 4,000 yuan, the declared salary difference is 1 000 yuan, which can save the insurance premium of 305,000 yuan for the company every month, which can really reduce a lot of burdens, so enterprises choose the lowest base to pay and save expenses.

Why do many companies pay five insurances to their employees, and all of them pay according to the minimum proportion?

It is illegal not to pay social security to employees, but if the company negotiates with you to pay social security according to the minimum social security base, will you make a profit or lose, and will your future medical reimbursement and pension be affected?

Let's talk about the most influential pension insurance. The policy of endowment insurance is to pay more and get more, and the highest payment is about 7 times of the minimum payment ratio. The maximum monthly payment of the social security unit+individual is 9,500 yuan, and the minimum payment of the unit+individual is 1470 yuan! So the difference between the highest and lowest is 6.5 times every month! According to the minimum payment, it means that your future pension will be greatly "shrunk", only a fraction of the normal payment.

The second is medical insurance. No matter how much medical insurance is paid, the reimbursement ratio is the same. But people who pay more have more money in their personal accounts, and the difference between the highest and lowest is generally 6-7 times! Someone in Shenzhen has 1 10,000 personal medical insurance accounts for consumption every year! And the money inside can buy medicine to see a doctor!

Finally, maternity insurance, although the reimbursement of maternity expenses is not affected by the amount of payment, but less payment will affect the payment of maternity allowance. The general maternity allowance ranges from 1 to 65438+ 10,000. The higher you pay, the more you receive!

Social security costs are borne by the company 70%-80%. The lowest social security payment means that the company pays less and your rights and interests are damaged. Besides, on the surface, your salary seems to be much higher. In fact, it is because personal income tax is the tax part after deducting social security. Less deduction of social security will lead to an increase in tax payment. You actually lost a lot of money!

Therefore, you should consider this gain and loss clearly. If you want to protect your rights and interests, you can keep evidence such as labor contracts and report complaints to the labor inspection department and the social security bureau.