What specific work do the maintenance personnel of elevator companies usually do?

2. Daily maintenance of the elevator (twice a month)

Whether the elevator can operate normally and safely is another major factor besides manufacturing and installation, that is, daily maintenance during operation. During the elevator inspection, the author found that the maintenance personnel of some users did not seriously implement the policy of "prevention first, pre-inspection and pre-repair, and planned maintenance" for elevator maintenance, and only carried out maintenance when the elevator failed. Doing so will eventually lead to the bad repair habit of treating headache and foot pain. It is a regular and very important work to strengthen the maintenance and preventive maintenance of elevator equipment, reduce failures and downtime, and keep the elevator in a good technical state.

After the elevator is installed, whether it can run safely depends on the following two reasons:

1 elevator maintenance personnel

The level of elevator maintenance depends on the quality of maintenance personnel. A high-quality maintenance personnel should have a high sense of responsibility for the work, and should be able to master the basic mechanical structure and electrical working principle of the elevator and its maintenance skills, as well as the installation technology of the elevator; Familiar with and strictly implement elevator maintenance procedures and safety operation procedures; When the elevator breaks down, it can quickly and accurately judge and eliminate the fault, shorten the elevator stop time, and make the elevator quickly put into normal work.

Elevator maintenance is highly professional, and full-time elevator maintenance personnel should be appointed to be responsible for it and keep it relatively stable. Elevator maintenance personnel should have a high school education or above, have certain basic knowledge of machinery and electrician, be healthy and have a strong sense of responsibility; Should go through special training, after examination to obtain the operation certificate, can work at his post.

2 preventive maintenance and maintenance content and requirements

Preventive maintenance is to monitor and inspect the elevators in use regularly, and carry out maintenance once the fault warning is found. The elevator may not break down or break down less.

Preventive maintenance, that is, spot inspection maintenance, is to divide the key parts and fault-prone parts of the elevator into several inspection points, and the work content can be basically divided into three ways to divide the work scope.

2. 1 Routine Tuesday and five o'clock inspection system

The personnel who carry out this work should change shifts every Tuesday and Friday. The inspection method is to check one by one according to the contents specified in the spot check table by listening, watching, touching and trying, and record the inspection results in the spot check table with specified symbols. Maintenance personnel will promptly deal with abnormal phenomena or problems that need maintenance according to the spot check, or carry out them synchronously according to the regular maintenance plan. See table 1 for the contents of the checklist. Please click.

2.2 See Table 2 for the lubrication, cleaning and oil change systems of the main components of the elevator. Please click.

2.3 elevator maintenance cycle system

The system and requirements of elevator maintenance cycle are formulated on the basis of routine inspection every three days and lubrication, cleaning and oil change of all parts in the elevator. Elevator maintenance cycle is divided into weekly inspection, monthly inspection, quarterly inspection and annual inspection. In the safety technical inspection and maintenance of each cycle, the following items should be paid attention to:

(1) No passengers or goods are allowed in. At the same time, the sign "Maintenance Stop" should be hung at the entrance of the lobby on the first floor.

(2) The switch at the corresponding position should be turned off according to the specific situation: the main switch of power supply should be turned off in the machine room; When the car roof is opened, turn off the emergency stop switch and safety clamp linkage switch of the car roof maintenance box; In the car, turn off the power switch and emergency stop switch of the operation panel; When in the pit, turn off the emergency stop switch of the maintenance box and the safety switch of the tensioner.

(3) Portable lamps must use safe voltage below 36V.

(4) It is forbidden for maintenance personnel to lean out of the tunnel and work with one foot on the top or bottom of the car for a long time.

The maintenance cycle and contents of elevators should be carried out regularly as follows.

Weekly inspection

Check the buttons, switches and indicator lights outside the hall and on the operation panel, the up-and-down running performance, comfort and floor accuracy of the elevator, and the landing door, car door, automatic door mechanism, safety contact plate, door lock device and reducer in the machine room run smoothly without vibration and noise; Bearing temperature rise is not higher than 60℃, lubricating oil temperature is not higher than 85℃, and oil leakage is not greater than 65438 05cm2/h; The brakes are flexible, the lighting of the machine room is normal, the doors and windows and fire extinguishers are in good condition, and there is no water leakage. The room temperature is between 5℃ and 40℃. All parts of the computer room have been thoroughly cleaned.

Monthly inspection

When braking, the brake wheel and the brake shoe are tightly closed. When the brake is released, the gap between the two sides is consistent and the temperature rise of the coil is not more than 0.7 mm. The brake wheel and the brake spring are not cracked, and the fastening connecting screws are not loose. The oil level and oil color of the traction motor oil storage tank are normal, and the accumulated dust inside the motor is blown clean with leather bellows. The bearing temperature is not higher than 80℃, the speed limiter has no abnormal sound, the foreign body on the rope clamp is removed, the pull rod of the safety tong works normally, the gap between the wedge block of the safety tong and the guide rail is 2 ~ 3 mm, and the action is flexible and corrosion-free. Check the wear of the guide shoe lining of the guide rail, ensure that the tension of the traction rope is consistent, the rope head combination device is normal, the electrical equipment works normally, and there is no abnormal sound and smell. Clean the dust on electrical components such as contactors and relays; Check whether the contactor contacts and mechanical interlocking devices are reliable.

Seasonal inspection

Check the different concentricity of the connection between motor shaft and worm. The rigid connection is 0.02mm, the elastic connection is 0. 1mm, the radial runout of the brake wheel is not more than 1/3 000, the worm thrust bearing is worn, and the joints of various parts of the traction machine are fastened. The wear of the brake band is not allowed to exceed 1/4 or the rivets are not exposed. The pressure of the carbon brush of DC motor should be kept at 0. 15 ~ 0.25 kg/cm ㎡, and the clearance between the hall door and the lower end face of the car door and the sill should be not less than 4 mm Check the door guide shoes, clean the carbon dust in the door motor, check the working conditions of the carbon brush and commutator, and check the contact between the car door traction device, the door lock and the safety contact plate. Check the broken wires of the traction rope (even or concentrated broken wires). The transmission steel belt of the layer selector has no broken teeth and cracks, and the connecting bolts are not loose, so the contact is reliable. The buffer spring has no corrosion, crack and deformation; Oil on the plunger of oil pressure buffer is rust-proof, fasteners are not loose or overheated, and pipelines and cables in the shaft are not abnormal. Clean the pit.

annual survey

Clean the traction machine bearing and add calcium-based grease. Dilute the reducer oil and clean it with kerosene. Check that the insulation resistance of the traction machine should be greater than 0.5MΩ. Wear of the sheave groove of the traction sheave. When the gap between the rope and the bottom of the sheave groove is ≤ 1mm, the sheave groove must be reloaded. Check the car door and landing door comprehensively, correct the deformed landing door, replace the hanging door roller with serious wear, clean and lubricate the door linkage bearing, trim the door lock switch, check and adjust the automatic door mechanism, replace the door motor brush, trim the threshold switch and slow switch. Check the guide rail frame, guide rail pressure plate and guide rail connecting plate, and tighten the connecting bolts. Check whether the counterweight device and balance frame are firm and loose; Tighten the clamping plate bolts of the counterweight shaft and the connecting bolts of all parts. Conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of electrical equipment; Replace all kinds of contactors, relays, switches and other electrical components whose service life has expired. Check that the insulation withstand voltage of electrical equipment must be greater than 1 000V, the power supply circuit should not be less than 0.5 mω, and other circuits should be 0.25 mω. Except that the circuit voltage is lower than 25 V, check the grounding device of the electrical equipment shell, and the grounding resistance should be less than 4 Ω.

Based on the above items, elevators should be registered item by item after maintenance by time, and the contents of the three systems should be stored in the file bag at the same time for comprehensive reference when the elevator is overhauled. If the maintenance personnel carefully carry out regular maintenance according to the above system, the common faults and accidents of the elevator can be prevented, and the safe and normal operation of the elevator will be reliably guaranteed.

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