How to understand that Roosevelt saved modern capitalist countries to a certain extent

3. Main measures: 1. Stabilize finance;

2. Revitalize industry;

3. Adjust agricultural policies;

4 , Promote "relief for work".

4. Effects and impacts: The U.S. economy has rebounded and the number of unemployed people has dropped significantly.

Boldly borrowed the strengths of socialism and used reform methods to save the capitalist crisis and prevent fascism from coming to power.

5. How should we learn from the New Deal

Although our country’s economy has achieved a soft landing, the momentum of development is good, and the country’s economic strength has increased significantly. To prepare for a rainy day and take precautions before they happen, we should also clearly see that there are still many contradictions and problems in our country's economic and social development. Mainly: a considerable number of state-owned enterprises have difficulties in production and operation, the number of laid-off and unemployed people has increased, and employment pressure has increased; the agricultural foundation is still weak, blind investment and duplication of construction are common in economic construction, and the overall quality and efficiency of the national economy are not high; financial Supervision is not sound enough, and the financial order is relatively chaotic in some aspects; regional development gaps still exist obviously, income distribution relations have not been straightened out, and some people in both urban and rural areas are living in difficulty. The China Economic Prosperity Monitoring Center’s tracking and monitoring of 58,000 state-owned industrial enterprises showed that “the state-owned enterprise index fell again from January to April, reaching -109 points, 28 points lower than the period from January to March, and 103 points lower than the same period last year... State-owned enterprises The production and operation conditions of loss-making enterprises have further deteriorated, the scope of losses has expanded, and the amount of losses has increased. From January to April, the amount of losses increased by 31.6%, resulting in a net loss of 88.7% of all state-owned enterprises." According to the 1997 Statistical Bulletin on Labor Development. It shows that "the number of jobs absorbed by the public economy has decreased. By the end of last year, there were still 6.343 million laid-off and unemployed people in state-owned enterprises across the country." Among the country's 846 million labor force, 7.1 million people are newly employed every year, accounting for about 80% of the total labor force. The rural labor force is often in a state of intermittent unemployment. It should be clear that the emergence of these problems is an inevitable phenomenon in the deepening of our reform and economic development. It is a problem in progress. It is fundamentally different from the massive unemployment phenomenon that occurred during the economic crisis in Western countries, and is also different from the phenomenon that occurred during the economic difficulties in our country in the 1960s. The employment demand is seriously insufficient. To solve these problems, we can only formulate policies and measures that are in line with China's national conditions based on the current reality. Reality is the repetition and continuation of history. Stones from other mountains can be used to attack jade. Although more than half a century has passed since the "New Deal" measures implemented by U.S. President Roosevelt in the 1930s, and the national conditions of the United States and the situation our country is currently facing are also very different, they have played an important role in solving some practical problems in our country's current economic and social development. , especially the launch of the market and the implementation of the "re-employment" project, there are still many lessons to be learned.

1. Strengthen financial supervision, implement correct monetary policies, and prevent financial risks.

Modern financial policies have a great regulatory effect on the national economy, and modern economic crises are mostly caused by chaos in the financial sector. Since last year, the financial crisis in Southeast Asia has affected many countries. Due to its good economic development, my country has maintained stable financial markets and the exchange rate of the RMB. However, we must learn lessons from it, take positive measures, and strive to prevent and resolve possible negative impacts. In fact, the impact of this financial crisis on my country's labor-intensive enterprises, which export a large number of products to Southeast Asian countries, is also obvious. It will make the operating situation of some enterprises more severe, leading to an increasing number of laid-off and unemployed employees. . This also warns us that we must always pay attention to the negative effects of the rapid expansion of virtual capital, prevent the emergence of a "bubble economy", maintain appropriate foreign exchange reserves, strengthen financial supervision, promptly discover and evacuate financial risks, and must open up foreign investment and financial markets. Proceed with caution.

According to this requirement, in line with the principles of streamlining, unification, and efficiency, we will focus on transforming government functions, realizing the separation of government and enterprises, and establishing a scientific and standardized operating mechanism. We will strengthen government departments that should be strengthened, merge those that should be merged, and cancel those that should be merged. and in accordance with the requirements of consistent powers and responsibilities, rationally adjust the responsibilities and authorities of departments, strengthen macro-control and law enforcement supervision departments, clearly divide the division of responsibilities between departments, improve the administrative operation mechanism, and never allow several departments to do the same thing phenomenon continues to exist, creating a good environment for reform, development and stability.

It is the government’s duty to ensure the normal operation of the national economy and full employment of citizens. The development of modern social economy is increasingly inseparable from the government's normal intervention and macro-control. Looking back at the history of human development, people will find that the superstructure must adapt to the economic base, otherwise it will become a shackles that restrict the development of productive forces. Whenever the development of productive forces reaches a critical turning point, the government system will inevitably undergo corresponding changes. The basic framework of my country's current government institutions was gradually formed under the original planned economy conditions. Although many adjustments and reforms have been carried out in the past, due to historical conditions and macro-environmental constraints, many problems have not been fundamentally resolved. The contradiction with the development of the socialist market economy has become increasingly prominent, and has reached the point where reform is inevitable. The First Session of the Ninth National People's Congress has clarified the basic ideas for the reform of government institutions, and its own reform has gradually been included in the agenda of governments at all levels. The significance of institutional reform is not just to abolish institutions and reduce redundant personnel, but to completely transform the traditional way of governing the country, adopt advanced scientific methods, and quickly adapt to the requirements of the wave of economic globalization. According to this requirement, in line with the principles of streamlining, unification, and efficiency, we will focus on transforming government functions, realizing the separation of government and enterprises, and establishing a scientific and standardized operating mechanism. We will strengthen government departments that should be strengthened, merge those that should be merged, and cancel those that should be merged. and in accordance with the requirements of consistent powers and responsibilities, rationally adjust the responsibilities and authorities of departments, strengthen macro-control and law enforcement supervision departments, clearly divide the division of responsibilities between departments, improve the administrative operation mechanism, and never allow several departments to do the same thing phenomenon continues to exist, creating a good environment for reform, development and stability.